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This document discusses theories of social interaction and deviance. It describes the major forms of social interaction as cooperation, conflict, and competition. Cooperation involves working together towards common goals, while conflict is deliberate opposition or coercion of others. Competition is a struggle over limited resources. Deviance refers to acts that violate social norms and are subject to punishment. The document then outlines biological, psychological, and sociological theories of deviance, which variously attribute deviant behaviors to inherited traits, personality and trauma, or external social forces.
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5 types of social interaction[1].ppt
The document outlines 5 types of social interaction: exchange, competition, conflict, cooperation, and accommodation. Exchange involves individuals or groups interacting to receive a reward for their actions based on principles of reciprocity. Competition involves two or more opposing groups trying to achieve a single goal through accepted rules, while conflict deliberately tries to control or harm others with few rules. Cooperation has groups working together for mutual benefit. Accommodation balances cooperation and conflict through compromise, mediation, truce, or arbitration between opposing parties.
Interaction
Social interaction occurs in various ways through daily life and different social roles. There are several common forms of social interaction, including exchange, where people interact with the expectation of receiving something in return; reciprocity, the idea that favors deserve repayment; and exchange theory where people are motivated by self-interest. Other forms are competition between groups for limited resources, conflict which involves attempts to harm others, and accommodation which balances cooperation and conflict through compromise or truce. Cooperation also occurs when groups work together to achieve mutual benefits.
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Social processes are the ways in which individuals and groups interact and establish relationships. There are two main types of social processes: associative processes which integrate society through cooperation, accommodation, and assimilation; and dissociative processes which can hinder society through competition, conflict, and other means. Cooperation involves groups working together to achieve common goals, accommodation is adjusting to new environments or situations, and assimilation occurs as divergent groups take on shared traditions and cultural identities. Competition, conflict, and other dissociative processes involve struggling over limited resources and directly challenging others.
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Social Interaction is the gate of knowledge. Social Interaction Plays an important role for understanding the people, definitions of right and wrong, good and bad. In Short it is very helpful for the well functionality of the society.
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Pro-social behavior refers to voluntary acts that benefit others or society. It includes helping, sharing, cooperation, and acts of charity. Pro-social behavior is defined by a society's norms. Helping behavior is a subcategory that intentionally benefits another person or group in need. Determinants of helping include empathy, relieving negative feelings in others, enjoying the positive impact of helping, boosting status, helping genetic relatives, and defending one's social group. People are more likely to help those they like and less likely to help in darkness or if the victim is responsible for their situation. Being thanked encourages continued pro-social behavior by validating the helper's self-worth and competence. Some argue pro-social behavior may be
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This document discusses different motivations for prosocial behavior. It defines prosocial behavior as helpful actions that benefit others without direct benefits to the person helping. Several hypotheses for motivations are described, including empathy-altruism, where helping makes one feel good; negative-state relief, where helping reduces one's own negative emotions; and empathetic joy, where helping brings positive emotions from making an impact. Genetic determinism is also discussed, where helping enhances passing on one's genes. The document concludes that people engage in prosocial behavior for both selfish and unselfish reasons, and different hypotheses try to explain these motivations, like reducing one's distress or feeling good from helping others.
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This document discusses prosocial behavior and factors that influence helping others. It defines prosocial behavior as voluntary actions intended to benefit others. Key points include:
- Altruism involves helping others at some cost to oneself with no expected reward. Kin selection theory and reciprocity can motivate altruism.
- People are more likely to help when rewards exceed costs and when norms of social responsibility and justice apply. Empathy and positive moods also increase helping.
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The document outlines 5 types of social interaction: exchange, competition, conflict, cooperation, and accommodation. Exchange involves individuals or groups interacting to receive a reward for their actions based on principles of reciprocity. Competition involves two or more opposing groups trying to achieve a single goal through accepted rules, while conflict deliberately tries to control or harm others with few rules. Cooperation has groups working together for mutual benefit. Accommodation balances cooperation and conflict through compromise, mediation, truce, or arbitration between opposing parties.
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This document discusses prosocial behavior and factors that influence helping others. It defines prosocial behavior as voluntary actions intended to benefit others. Key points include:
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- The bystander effect occurs when people are less likely to help in emergencies when others are present due to diffusion of responsibility. Reducing ambiguity and increasing responsibility can increase helping.
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1. It defines deviance as violating social norms, whether formal rules or informal expectations.
2. Positive deviance refers to behaviors that help individuals find better solutions than peers despite facing similar challenges.
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4. Social control mechanisms aim to ensure people behave in approved ways through internalization, social sanctions, or societal structures.
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Prosocial behavior
Characteristics of Helper and the helped ,Models to explain Prosocial Behavior ,Increasing Prosocial Behavior in the Society
Empowerment
1. Power exists in all social groups and relationships, with some individuals and groups having more authority and influence than others. Those with power are able to accumulate valued resources like wealth and property, which in turn generates more power.
2. Certain social groups and individuals experience more privileges in society. Those without privilege may be devalued, seen as a menace, object of ridicule, burden, or subhuman.
3. Empowerment can occur on personal, community, and structural levels. On a personal level, empowerment involves gaining control over one's life and developing confidence. On a structural level, it requires eradicating inequalities through collective political action and social change
ELEMENTS OF SOCIAL LIFE: GROUPS AND ORGANIZATIONS
48-110 (Foundations of Social Life) - Lesson Objectives:
1. Differentiate a social group from an aggregate and a category;
2. Distinguish primary groups from secondary groups;
3. Define and give examples of in-groups and out-groups;
4. Define and give examples of groupthink;
5. Discuss the social influences involved in bystander apathy;
6. Identify the different types of organizations;
7. Relate the characteristics associated with bureaucracy;
8. Identify the major social institutions in Canadian society
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prosocialbehaviour
Voluntary actions that are intended to help or benefit another individual or group of individuals”
It is performed to benefit others by helping, sharing or comforting.
ALTRUISM:
Behavior that is motivated by an unselfish concern for the welfare of others.
When one person helps another person for
no reward, and even at some cost to oneself. This cost can be time, energy, effort or wealth etc.
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This document outlines the vision, mission and aims of the Mindful Leadership Foundation, which seeks to develop and support prosocial leadership around the world. A prosocial leader is defined as someone who leads, lives and acts for the welfare of others and the world. The foundation's vision is for a compassionate, equitable and sustainable world, and its mission is to nurture prosocial leaders through programs, research, and developing a global network of individuals committed to creating positive change. It discusses the need for prosocial leadership given current global challenges and outlines several potential research areas, projects and services to help achieve its goals.
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This document summarizes key aspects of deviance and crime. It defines deviance as failing to conform to social norms and expectations [1]. Crimes are legally defined offenses that can be prosecuted [2]. Several examples of common crimes are provided such as murder, rape, and robbery [3]. Both deviance and crime can have negative social impacts such as harming social stability and trust [5]. However, deviance also plays a role in strengthening social norms and values, and can be a source of social change [4]. Reducing poverty, improving education and jobs, and preventing child abuse are suggested ways to help reduce crime [6].
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deviance is but one commonly understood issue.let us see what the presentation says.The truth about deviance has not been properly comprehended.Let us now get to the heart of the matter.deviance is not always bad and counter productive;though it may be the sake for the most part.Getting honest about the issue helps the learner to comprehend more the subject.
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Topic of Sociology, Crime and Deviance, Norms and Crime/Deviance, Introduction, Legally Deviant Behavior, Illegally Deviant Behavior, Criminal Behavior, Reasons People Commit Crimes and deviance, Deviance and crime, Group deviance, Three views of deviance, Biological, Psychological, Sociological, Structural-Functionalist Perspectives, Reinforcement theories, Differential association theory, Social conflict perspectives, Symbolic integrationists perspectives, Labeling theory, William Chambliss Experiment, Experiment by D.L Rosenhan, Crime, Crime Classification, Types of Crime, How is crime reported?, Recording Crime, Measures of crime, CRIME AND GENDER, CRIME AND AGE, ETHNIC GROUP/ETHNICITY, INSTITUTIONAL RACISM, Crime And Ethnicity, Crime And Social Class, Occupational Crime, Professional Crime Corporate Crime, Computer Crime, The criminal justice system, Police Duties, The criminal justice system, Justifications of punishment, Retributive justice, Social control
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This document analyzes prosocial behavior, which refers to actions that help others with no immediate benefit to the helper. It discusses several factors that influence helping behavior, including empathy, emotions, personality traits, and how similar the victim is to the helper. Failure to help often stems from diffusion of responsibility, where people assume someone else will help. The tendency to help depends on noticing an emergency, accepting responsibility, having the skills to help, and deciding to help. People volunteer for both selfish and selfless reasons, such as expressing values, learning, psychological development, career benefits, and strengthening relationships. Motivations can involve self-interest, moral integrity, or moral hypocrisy of claiming to help for moral reasons while actually acting
Translated passages
This presentation represents two passages with their suggested translation. It is a lecture given by me to students of Level three this semester
Prosocial Behavior
This document summarizes research on prosocial behavior and factors that influence helping others. It discusses key concepts like altruism, heroism, bystander effect, and diffusion of responsibility. Several studies are described that explore how the number of bystanders, mood, personality traits like empathy, and situational factors can impact whether someone helps in an emergency situation. The document also examines motivations for prosocial acts and long-term volunteering commitments from perspectives of empathy, self-interest, genetic determinism, and other theories.
Deviance
This document discusses several key concepts related to deviance:
1. It defines deviance as violating social norms, whether formal rules or informal expectations.
2. Positive deviance refers to behaviors that help individuals find better solutions than peers despite facing similar challenges.
3. The determination of what is deviant depends on the observer, the actor, and the situation.
4. Social control mechanisms aim to ensure people behave in approved ways through internalization, social sanctions, or societal structures.
Prosocial behavior 2011 class
1) Evolutionary psychology suggests that humans are more likely to help those who are genetically related due to kin selection, as helping relatives increases the likelihood of passing on shared genes.
2) Research has found that people are more inclined to help those closely related to them, such as young children and close family members, compared to distant relatives or non-relatives, especially in life-threatening situations. Females and younger individuals also tend to receive more help.
3) The bystander effect occurs when the presence of others discourages an individual from helping in an emergency situation due to diffusion of responsibility; people are less likely to help as the number of bystanders increases.
Chapter 3-American Values
This document discusses American values and social norms. It identifies 15 core American values such as individualism, morality, and freedom. It also explains how social norms are enforced through internalization and sanctions. Finally, it outlines sources of social change such as technology, population growth, and diffusion as well as factors that can slow change like cultural lag and vested interests.
Race & Ethnicity - Part 2
Stereotypes are overgeneralizations about groups that lead to prejudices, which are negative attitudes toward groups. Racism involves believing in the superiority of one racial group and inferiority of others. Discrimination refers to actions that harm subordinate groups and can occur between individuals or be institutionalized through organizational practices. Theories propose prejudice stems from aggression displacement or is socially learned. Discrimination can involve prejudiced or unprejudiced attitudes and behaviors according to Merton's typology, while Feagin identifies four major types of discrimination.
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This document discusses a teach-in being held about the Black Lives Matter movement. It provides background on the movement, addressing the disproportionate violence faced by Black people and efforts to recognize and end anti-Black racism. Statistical data is presented showing the overrepresentation of Black children in the child welfare system compared to white children, which social workers should work to address through efforts like poverty alleviation and improving socioeconomic conditions.
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The document discusses different types of deviant behavior, including innovators, ritualists, retreatists, and rebels. It also examines theories of deviance such as biological, social disorganization, labeling, anomie, conflict, and cultural transmission theories. Finally, it outlines both the functions and dysfunctions of deviance for society.
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This presentation accompanies chapter 5 for the textbook The Real World: An Introduction to Sociology, 4th Edition.
Social groups and processes.pptx
The document discusses various concepts related to social groups and processes. It defines social groups as collections of human beings brought together through social relationships and common goals. Social groups are classified in various ways such as primary and secondary groups, in-groups and out-groups. Social processes that occur within groups include cooperation, competition, conflict, accommodation, and interaction. Cooperation involves working together for common interests while competition is a struggle over limited resources. Conflict is a challenge between individuals or groups, and accommodation is the adjustment of hostile parties. Social interaction is how individuals influence each other through group involvement and relationships.
Social groups
Explain the characteristics, types of social groups. Primary and Secondary social group. Reference group.
social interaction
Social interaction is the foundation of society and involves processes of socialization from birth to death. Without social interaction, individuals would not be able to form group life or develop an identity. Social interaction involves adapting behavior to cultural norms through statuses, roles, and norms. It occurs through both verbal and non-verbal communication between individuals, groups, and cultures in cooperative, competitive, and conflict-based ways in various social, economic, political, and religious fields through digital technologies as well.
Bradford mvsu fall 2012 deviance and crime
1. Deviance refers to any act that violates the norms of a particular group. Norms vary across societies and over time, and within societies in different subgroups.
2. Early sociological theories of deviance from Durkheim suggested that as societies become more complex with less agreement on norms, deviance like suicide is more likely. Merton's theory of anomie proposed that a disconnect between cultural goals and legitimate means to achieve them can lead to deviant responses.
3. Labeling theory posits that the societal reaction to and labeling of deviant acts, rather than just the acts themselves, can lead to secondary deviance as individuals conform to the assigned labels.
Chapter 6 Deviance
This document summarizes key concepts from a chapter on deviance from a sociology textbook. It defines deviance as behavior that violates social norms and discusses how norms and deviance are defined differently across cultures. It then overviews several major sociological theories of deviance, including functionalism, conflict theory, strain theory, and symbolic interactionism including labeling theory. Labeling theory holds that deviance is caused by external judgments that change one's self-concept and social responses.
Determenents of Health - Chapter - IV .ppt
This document discusses several key social processes:
1. Social problems are issues that make it difficult for people to achieve their full potential, such as poverty, unemployment, and child abuse. Crime is defined as acts prohibited by law and punished by fines or imprisonment.
2. Types of social interaction and processes include socialization, cooperation, conflict, competition, accommodation, and assimilation. Cooperation involves working together for common goals, while competition involves contesting for limited resources. Conflict directly challenges others, and accommodation involves adjusting to new situations.
3. The document then provides more details on the characteristics and types of several social processes: cooperation, accommodation, assimilation, competition, and conflict. It describes how these processes work
LESSON-2.pptxbzjzkJKNJJzbsjsbsidbdjbkvkbsksbsh
This document discusses social problems and issues. It defines a social problem as a condition viewed as harmful that requires collective action to remedy. Social problems deviate from social norms and have harmful consequences. They are interconnected and affect many people. A social issue is a broader problem that influences many individuals, like poverty, education, or the environment. Social problems are more specific damaging factors in society like crime, drug addiction, or discrimination. The document then outlines different sociological perspectives on social problems, including structural-functionalism, conflict theory, and symbolic interactionism.
LESSON-2.pptxhsjsnsnsnsmmnsnsnsnjajsjsjsjsjsjj
This document discusses social problems and issues. It defines a social problem as a condition viewed as harmful that requires collective action to remedy. Social problems deviate from social norms and have harmful consequences. They are interconnected and affect many people. A social issue is a broader problem that influences many individuals, like poverty, education, or the environment. Social problems are more specific damaging factors in society like crime, drug addiction, or discrimination. The document then outlines different sociological perspectives on social problems, including structural-functionalism, conflict theory, and symbolic interactionism.
Insocio lecture 6 deviance
Deviance is defined as any behavior or attribute that violates cultural norms and elicits a negative or positive reaction from others. What is considered deviant depends on social and cultural context rather than being inherent to any act itself. Sociological theories of deviance propose that deviance arises from social structures and learning processes rather than individual characteristics. Robert Merton's strain theory argues that deviance results from a discrepancy between societal expectations and the means available to achieve culturally approved goals. While deviance disrupts social systems, it also serves functions like reinforcing norms and catalyzing social change. Crime is a specific form of deviance that violates laws, but not all deviance is illegal. Social control refers to efforts by groups
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Report
- 1. CONFLICT, COMPETITION AND COOPERATION/ DEVIANCE THEORIES Presenter: Divina T. Maranan CONFLICT, COMPETITION AND COOPERATION/ DEVIANCE THEORIES Presenter: Divina T. Maranan
- 2. Questions: • 1. What is Competition, Conflict, and Cooperation? • 2. What is Deviance? • 3. What are the different theories of deviance and its implication to one’s behavior?
- 3. Man is a Social being. • It is difficult for man to live in isolation. • Men always live in various groups and associations. • As members of these groups they Act and behave in a certain manner. • The behavior of each individual is affected by the behavior of the other
- 4. SOCIAL INTERACTION - Green defines social interaction as” the mutual influences that individuals and groups have on one another in their attempts to solve problems and in their striving towards goals.”
- 5. The major forms of social interaction are – Cooperation Conflict Competition
- 6. • Cooperation Green defined cooperation as ” the continuous and common endeavor of two or more persons to perform a task or to realize a goal that is commonly cherished. ” “No Man is Island”
- 7. There are 2 modes of cooperation in a social life – 1.Direct cooperation – includes “those activities in which men do like things together ” Ex. play together , worship together , etc.
- 8. 2. Indirect cooperation – is found wherever people perform unlike tasks towards a single end. Ex. like where there is a division of labor or mass production.
- 9. • Competition • It is a struggle of two or more persons for the same object which is so limited that all cannot share it. • Ex. there is competition for jobs, for goods, power , social position, fame and all other things one cannot get by mere asking.
- 10. Useful function of Competition • Competition tends to stimulate economy, efficiency, and inventiveness. It tends to increase one’s ego and to give one satisfaction. Since competition rests upon a set of rules, it creates respect for the ruling of the game.
- 11. • Conflict • A.W. Green defines conflict as ” the deliberate attempt to oppose, resist or coerce the will of another or others . • Mac Iver and Page defined conflict as – that form of struggle in which “men contend against one other for any object . ”
- 13. What is Deviance? • Deviance • -Act that contradicts to norms of a group, going over to the limit of tolerance if discovered subject to punishment. •
- 14. Different kinds of Deviant Behavior • 1. Improper- Behaviors simply frowned upon and are punished only informally. • Ex. . Laughing at funeral is a deviant act.
- 15. • 2. Antisocial-These acts endanger other people and their property. – Ex. Assault and robbery • 3. Self-destructive- These are act that destroy the person engaged in it. • Ex. drug addiction, alcoholism and suicide
- 16. • 4. Immoral- These acts are not dangerous, rather these go against the morality of the society. • Ex. prostitution, homosexuality, gambling • 5. Destructive to the society itself- behavior that bring about destruction to the society • Ex. treason, incitement to riot, conspiracy.
- 17. Theories of Deviance • Biological theories- Criminal tendencies were believed to be inherited. People then stick to the belief that some people born criminals. •
- 18. • Psychological theories- factor of deviant behaviors depend on the personality if the offender. Neurotic or abnormal minds based on early traumatic experiences.
- 19. • Sociological theories- considers the external forces for the deviant act. • It involves sense of meaningless, loss of goals and values, no one cares and understands.
- 20. The behavior of each individual is affected by the behavior of the other. This interaction is the essence of social life.
- 21. Thank you for Listening!!!