The document presents an overview of renewable and non-renewable resources, emphasizing the importance of maintaining biodiversity and the environment. It details various types of renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, hydro, biomass, and geothermal energy, along with their advantages and disadvantages. Additionally, it explains the processes of energy conversion and the characteristics that define renewable resources.

1. RESOURCES
Presented By
Swathi Sasidharan
Bsc.Biotechnology
St.Mary’s College,Thrissur
RENEWABLE RESOURCES

2. RESOURCES
• Everything available in our environment which can be used to satisfy our needs
provided.
• It is technologically accessible, economically feasible and culturally acceptable can
be termed as Resource.
• Resources are part of an ecosystem and one where it is important to maintain
biodiversity and the Earth’s life-support systems .
• A resource is a physical material that humans need and value such as land, air, and
water.
• Resources are characterized as renewable or nonrenewable.

3. Types of Resources
RENEWABLE RESOURCES
• Renewable resource can be
replenished by the environment in
over relatively short periods of
time.
• It includes timber, groundwater,
wind, and solar energy.
• Eg: Oxygen can be replenished
through photosynthesis
NON-RENEWABLE RESOURCES
• a nonrenewable resource has a
limited supply.
• Resources exist in fixed quantity in
earth’s crust.
• It includes coal and natural gas.
• Eg: petroleum formed through
millions of years through geological
process.

5. What is a renewable energy source?
• A renewable energy source means energy that is sustainable - something
that can't run out, or is endless, like the sun.
• It is also referred as Alternative energy .
• It can be replenished over a short period of time.
The most popular renewable energy sources currently are:
1. Solar energy
2. Wind energy
3. Hydro energy
4. Tidal energy
5. Geothermal energy
6. Biomass energy

6. • Energy, in physics, the capacity for doing work.
• It may exist in potential, kinetic, thermal, electrical, chemical, nuclear, or other
various forms.
• Energy can be neither created nor destroyed but only changed from one form
to another. This principle is known as the conservation of energy or the first law
of thermodynamics.
• Energy can be converted from one form to another in various other ways.
• Usable mechanical or electrical energy is produced by many kinds of devices,
including fuel-burning heat engines, generators, batteries, fuel cells,
and magnetohydrodynamic systems.
ENERGY

7. • Sunlight is one of our planet’s most abundant and freely available
energy resources.
• The amount of solar energy that reaches the earth’s surface in one
hour is more than the planet’s total energy
requirements for a whole year.
• It is the radiation from the sun that is
capable of producing heat, causing chemical
reactions, or generating electricity.
• It is the largest source of energy received on
earth, but its intensity is very low.
• Solar energy is rapidly becoming the ultimate energy source because
of its non-polluting character and its inexhaustible supply.
SOLAR ENERGY

8. Generation of Solar Power
• Solar power is the
conversion of sunlight into
electricity, either directly
using photovoltaics (PV), or
indirectly using
concentrated solar
power(CSP).
• Photovoltaics converts light
into electric current using
photoelectric effect.

9. Advantages
• Renewable resources.
• Reduces electricity bills.
• Low maintenance costs.
• Technology development.
• Diverse applications.
Disadvantages
• Initial cost of purchasing solar system is fairly high.
• Weather dependent.
• Solar energy storage is expensive.
• Use of a lot of space.
• Associated with pollution.
Advantages and Disadvantages

10. WIND ENERGY
• The wind is a clean, free, and readily
available renewable energy source.
• Each day, around the world, wind
turbines are capturing the wind’s
power and converting it to electricity.
• Wind power generation plays an
increasingly important role in the way
we power our world – in a clean,
sustainable manner.
• Wind turbines allow us to harness the power of the wind and turn it into energy.

11. When the wind blows, the
turbine's blades spin clockwise,
capturing energy. This triggers the
main shaft of the wind turbine,
connected to a gearbox within
the nacelle, to spin. The gearbox
sends that wind energy to the
generator, converting it to
electricity. Electricity then travels
to a transformer, where voltage
levels are adjusted to match with
the grid.
Working

12. Advantages
• Wind power is cost effective.
• It creates jobs.
• It is clean fuel source.
• Wind is domestic source of energy
• It is sustainable.
• Wind turbines can be built on existing farm or ranches.
Disadvantages
• Turbines might cause noise and aesthetic pollution.
• Wind plants can impact local wildlife.
• Wind power must still compete with conventional generation sources on a
cost basis.
Advantages and Disadvantages

13. HYDRO ENERGY
• Hydroelectric energy, also called hydroelectric
power or hydroelectricity.
• It is a form of energy that harnesses the power
of water in motion such as water flowing over a
waterfall to generate electricity.
• Hydroelectric energy is the most commonly-used
renewable source of electricity.
• China is the largest producer of hydroelectricity.
• Electricity produced from generators driven
by turbines that convert the potential energy of
falling or fast-flowing water into mechanical
energy.
• In the early 21st century, hydroelectric power
was the most widely utilized form of renewable
energy.

14. • Most hydroelectric power plants have
a reservoir of water, a gate or valve to control
how much water flows out of the reservoir, and
an outlet or place where the water ends up
after flowing downward.
• Water gains potential energy just before it spills
over the top of a dam or flows down a hill. The
potential energy is converted into kinetic
energy as water flows downhill.
• The water can be used to turn the blades of
a turbine to generate electricity, which is
distributed to the power plant’s customers.
Working

15. Advantages
• Renewable
• Emission free
• Reliable
• Adjustable
• Create lakes
Disadvantages
• Higher initial cost.
• Impact on fishes.
• Suspectible to droughts
• Carbon and methane emission
• Flood risk
Advantages and Disadvantages

16. BIOMASS ENERGY
• Biomass is organic, meaning it is made of material that
comes from living organisms, such as plants and animals.
• The most common biomass materials used for energy
are plants, wood, and waste. These are called biomass
feedstocks.
• Biomass energy can also be a non-renewable energy
source.
• Biomass contains energy first derived from the sun:
Plants absorb the sun’s energy through photosynthesis,
and convert carbon dioxide and water into nutrients
(carbohydrates).
• The energy from these organisms can be transformed
into usable energy through direct and indirect means.

17. • Biomass can be burned to create heat (direct),
converted into electricity (direct), or processed
into biofuel (indirect).
• Biomass can be burned by thermal
conversion and used for energy. Thermal
conversion involves heating the biomass
feedstock in order to burn, dehydrate, or
stabilize it.
• The most familiar biomass feedstocks for
thermal conversion are raw materials such
as municipal solid waste (MSW) and
scraps from paper or lumber mills.
• Different types of energy are created
through direct firing, co-firing, pyrolysis,
Working
gasification, and anaerobic decomposition.

18. Advantages
• Biomass is always and widely available as a renewable source of energy.
• It is carbon neutral.
• It reduces the overreliance of fossil fuels.
• It Is less expensive than fossil fuels.
• Biomass production adds a revenue source for manufacturers.
• Less garbage in landfills.
Disadvantages
• Biomass energy is not as efficient as fossil fuels
• It is not entirely clean.
• Can lead to deforestation.
• Biomass plants require a lot of space.
• Not easily transported.
Advantages and Disadvantages

19. GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
• Geothermal energy, form of energy conversion in which heat energy from
within Earth is captured and harnessed for cooking, bathing, space heating,
electrical power generation, and other uses.
• Depending on its characteristics, geothermal energy can be used for heating and
cooling purposes or be harnessed to generate clean electricity.
• Geothermal energy is heat derived within
the sub-surface of the earth.
• Heat from Earth’s interior generates surface
phenomena such
as lava flows, geysers, fumaroles, hot
springs, and mud pots.
• Water and or steam carry the geothermal
energy to the Earth’s surface.

20. Geothermal power plants, which use heat
from deep inside the Earth to generate
steam to make electricity.
1.Hot water is pumped from deep
underground through a well under high
pressure.
2.When the water reaches the surface, the
pressure is dropped, which causes the
water
to turn into steam.
3.The steam spins a turbine, which is
connected to a generator that produces
electricity.
4.The steam cools off in a cooling tower and
condenses back to water.
Working

21. Advantages
• Geothermal Energy Sourcing Is Good for the Environment.
• Geothermal Is a Reliable Source of Renewable Energy.
• High Efficiency of Geothermal Systems.
• Little to No Geothermal System Maintenance.
Disadvantages
• Environmental Concerns about Greenhouse Emissions.
• Possibility of Depletion of Geothermal Sources.
• High Investment Costs for Geothermal System.
• Land Requirements for Geothermal System to Be Installed.
Advantages and Disadvantages

22. THANK YOU
Swathi Sasidharan