This document provides an overview of remote sensing. It discusses the history and basic principles of remote sensing, including how electromagnetic energy interacts with surfaces. It describes different observation platforms like airborne and space-based systems, as well as common sensors. The document outlines various applications of remote sensing such as agriculture, forestry, geology, and disaster monitoring. It concludes by discussing perspectives on remote sensing in Bangladesh and the need for more modern equipment and facilities.

1. REMOTE SENSING Presented By Student no.: 105426-1054491st Semester Dept of Civil & Environmental Engineering Islamic University of Technology

2. Overview Brief Introduction History Systems & principles Observation platforms Sensors Applications Perspective in Bangladesh Synthetic aperture radar image of Death Valley colored using polarimetry

3. Introduction A science and art of collecting infos about objects, area from distance without any physical contact with them Classifications Passive remote sensing Sun as a source of EM energy Active remote sensing Own source of EM energy

4. History It became possible with the invention of camera in nineteenth century Astronomy was the first field to exploit this technique, first world war Till 1960, all the photographs were black & white July 1972, ERTS-1 (Landstat-1) SPOT, IRS-1A, JERS, MOS, RADARSAT ERTS-1 before launch in 1972

5. Systems of RS An idealized remote sensing system consists the following stages- 1. Energy source 2. Propagation of energy 3. Energy interaction with surface 4. Airborne/space borne sensors receiver 5. Transmission of data to earth station 6. Multiple-data user

6. Systems of RS 6 Distribution Receiving station processing Archiving

7. Basic Principles RS refers to the sensing of Electromagnetic Radiation which is reflected, scattered or emitted from the object on the surface Therefore Electromagnetic Energy interaction with the object is a big factor EM is a form of energy that moves with the velocity of light in a harmonic pattern It consists of sinusoidal waves

8. Basic Principles EM Spectrum EM radiation can be produced at a range of wave lengths and can be categorized according to its position into discrete regions which is referred to EM spectrum RS deals with energy in visible, infrared, thermal and microwave regions Significant amount of RS performed using infrared ray is not related to heat

9. EM Radiation and the Atmosphere The resisting materials in the atmosphere like water vapor, oxygen, ozone, aerosols influence EM radiation through- Scattering Absorption EM radiation that strikes or encounters object is referred to incident radiation The incident radiation changes and the science of RS detects and records these changes

10. Observation Platforms Remote Sensing is done and observed from mainly two types of platforms- Air Borne platforms Space Based platforms Air borne platforms: Observations from Aircraft based platforms are very expensive and time costly Till now, RS of the surface of earth has been done by several platforms like balloons, pigeons Aircraft mounted system for military purposes India currently uses models named Dakota, AVRO Bench-craft Superking Air 200 The TR-1 reconnaissance/surveillance aircraft

12. Polar orbiting satellites

13. Geo-stationary satellites

14. Landstat satellites

16. Observation Platforms 30 meter resolution

17. Observation Platforms 5 meter resolution

18. Sensors Remote Sensing sensors are electronic instruments that receive EM radiation and generate an electrical signal corresponding to the energy variation of different earth surface features The signal can be recorded and displayed as numerical data or image The strength of the signal depends on Energy flux Altitude Spectral band width Instantaneous field of view (IFOV) Dwell time

19. Applications RS provides a practical means for accurate and continuous monitoring earth’s natureand other resources Agriculture Forestry Land use and soils Geology Urban Land Use Water Resources

20. Applications Coastal Environment Ocean Resources Street-network based applications Facilities management Disasters Digital elevation models Contours (>10m) Slope/Aspect analysis Large scale mapping upto 1:25000 scale

21. Perspective in Bangladesh The Space Research and Remote Sensing Organization (SPARRSO) is the national space agency of Bangladesh established in 1980 SPARRSO has used Remote Sensing a number of times for Disaster monitoring Environment study Forestry Still they are in lack of modern equipments and facilities

22. Thank You © IUT CEE’10

23. Presented By- Presentation Group: Speaker Group: Prottush 105434 Jeeshan 105445 Miraj 105427 Shykat 105447 Rimon 105435 Hridoy 105448 Shaon 105436 Minhaj (Uncle) 105432 Sadil 105449 Istiak 105429 Shajib 105442 Saad 105433 Foisal 105441 Irtiza 105439 Samit 105428 Labib 105438 Rifat 105430 Anik 105431 Ahmad 105446 Materials Group: Rian 105437 Tanvir 105444 Sakif 105443 Habib 105426