Transcendental phenomenological (TPh) (Moustakas, 1994 & Husserl 1931) Chosen to access humans’ experiences—including Perception Memory Reflection Decision This theoretical framework enables one to broaden understanding of the experienced phenomenon. Transcendental Phenomenology

1. Religiosity Impact on Health of
Being: A Transcendental
Phenomenological Approach
Dr Karim Dad
Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan
Muhammad Saleem
Air University, Islamabad

2. Introduction
 Religion is the acknowledgment of a superhuman controlling
power (Nwachukwu & Asongu, 2014).
 Transcendental Phenomenology
Two approaches to phenomenology were highlighted by Cresswell
in his book on Qualitiative Research Methodology.
 1. hermeneutic phenomenology (van Manen, 1990)
 2. Empirical, transcendental, or psychological phenomenology
(Moustakas, 1994).

3. Introduction
 Phenomenology is a philosophy, a methodology or an approach to
study or research. There are several types of phenomenology that
overlap philosophy and methodology (Langdridge 2007).
 In principle, phenomenology focuses on peoples’ perceptions of the
world or the perception of the ‘things in their appearing’ (Langdridge
2007)

4. Introduction
 Transcendental phenomenology is based on principles identified by
Husserl (1931) and was translated into a qualitative method by
Moustakas (1994).
 All phenomenological approaches seek to understand the life world or
human experience as it is lived.
 Moustakas’s (1994) transcendental or psychological phenomenology is
focused less on the interpretations of the researcher and more on a
description of the experiences of participants.

5.  To investigate the role religion in healthy life.
 To analyse the discourse of graduates for religiosity
influences on their psyche.
Objectives

6. Transcendental phenomenological (TPh)
(Moustakas, 1994 & Husserl 1931)
Chosen to access humans’ experiences—including
 Perception
 Memory
 Reflection
 Decision
This theoretical framework enables one to broaden
understanding of the experienced phenomenon.
Theoretical Framework

7. Methodology
 Data collection Interviews
 Population: District Mardan, KP
 Random Sampling
 Participants- 20 (Male & Female)
 Graduates

8. Analyses
Analyses made on three levels as below:
 Perception
‘zama pa hayal jwand ki sa nashta’
‘kala kala soch kom nu deer tang sham’
‘Aw mazhab aw fiqawariyat ba kam kam manu’
 Memory
‘di mazhab ta pa nizdkat bandi rana tool wapas eer sho, che sa wakam aw
sang okam’
 Decision
‘yara nu kama kama khbara omanu aw sang ye omanu’
‘makhki makhki ba pa mi har da din kar pa shauwaq kaw’

9. Discussion
 The integration of too much notions in terms of religion made the
graduates confused about living their life smoothly.
 The exposure to other religious sects in premature stage could be the
reason for the dissatisfaction of graduates mental health.
 Those graduates, who are on single path in religion showed satisfaction
in their discourse.

10. Findings
 Fifteen participants were affected (positively & negatively) by the
religious believes which they have incorporated in their lives.
 Ten participants were deeply attached with religion believes and
use religion for their health safety.
 Nineteen participants showed that the memory is affected by
religiosity.
 Sixteen participants were weak at decision making in dimensions
of their lives due to religious thoughts.

11. Conclusion
 Religion has an impact on mental health.
 Graduates showed their strong and weak attachment with religion
which signifies religiosity interference in live.
 Mental health has attachment with spirituality and spirituality is
near t0 religious or other life principles.

12. References
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Arab Spring”, African Governance and Development Institute Working Paper No.
14/032.Kesgin, N., & Arslan, M. (2015).
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 Barnacle, R.: Phenomenology and wonder. In: Barnacle, R. (ed.) Phenomenology,
RMIT University Press (2001)
 Hein, S. F., & Austin, W. J. (2001). Empirical and hermeneutic approaches to
phenomenological research in psychology: A comparison. Psychological methods,
6(1), 3.
 Langdridge, D.: Phenomenological psychology: theory, research and method,
Pearson Education Ltd (2007
 Moustakas, C. (1994). Phenomenological research methods. Sage.
 Polkinghorne, D. E. (1989). Phenomenological research methods. In R. S. Valle & S.
Halling (Eds.) Existential-phenomenological perspectives in psychology. pp. 41-60.
New York: Plenum Press.
 von Eckartsberg, R.: Introducing existential-phenomenological psychology. In: Valle,
R. (ed.) Phenomenological Inquiry in Psychology: existential and transpersonal
dimensions, Plenum Press (1998).

13. Thank you 