Social Psychiatry Comes of Age - Inaugural Column in Psychiatric TimesUniversité de Montréal
In this inaugural column on “Second Thoughts… About Psychiatry, Psychology, and Psychotherapy,” I want to express second thoughts about my profession in a warm and constructive way.
https://www.psychiatrictimes.com/view/social-psychiatry-comes-of-age
Social Psychiatry Comes of Age - Inaugural Column in Psychiatric TimesUniversité de Montréal
In this inaugural column on “Second Thoughts… About Psychiatry, Psychology, and Psychotherapy,” I want to express second thoughts about my profession in a warm and constructive way.
https://www.psychiatrictimes.com/view/social-psychiatry-comes-of-age
352 BUMC PROCEEDINGS 2001;14:352–357
The technological advances of the past century tended tochange the focus of medicine from a caring, service-oriented model to a technological, cure-oriented model.
Technology has led to phenomenal advances in medicine and
has given us the ability to prolong life. However, in the past few
decades physicians have attempted to balance their care by re-
claiming medicine’s more spiritual roots, recognizing that until
modern times spirituality was often linked with health care.
Spiritual or compassionate care involves serving the whole per-
son—the physical, emotional, social, and spiritual. Such service
is inherently a spiritual activity. Rachel Naomi Remen, MD, who
has developed Commonweal retreats for people with cancer, de-
scribed it well:
Helping, fixing, and serving represent three different ways of see-
ing life. When you help, you see life as weak. When you fix, you
see life as broken. When you serve, you see life as whole. Fixing
and helping may be the work of the ego, and service the work of
the soul (1).
Serving patients may involve spending time with them, hold-
ing their hands, and talking about what is important to them.
Patients value these experiences with their physicians. In this
article, I discuss elements of compassionate care, review some
research on the role of spirituality in health care, highlight ad-
vantages of understanding patients’ spirituality, explain ways to
practice spiritual care, and summarize some national efforts to
incorporate spirituality into medicine.
COMPASSIONATE CARE: HELPING PATIENTS FIND MEANING IN
THEIR SUFFERING AND ADDRESSING THEIR SPIRITUALITY
The word compassion means “to suffer with.” Compassionate
care calls physicians to walk with people in the midst of their
pain, to be partners with patients rather than experts dictating
information to them.
Victor Frankl, a psychiatrist who wrote of his experiences in
a Nazi concentration camp, wrote: “Man is not destroyed by suf-
fering; he is destroyed by suffering without meaning” (2). One
of the challenges physicians face is to help people find meaning
and acceptance in the midst of suffering and chronic illness.
Medical ethicists have reminded us that religion and spiritual-
ity form the basis of meaning and purpose for many people (3).
At the same time, while patients struggle with the physical as-
pects of their disease, they have other pain as well: pain related
to mental and spiritual suffering, to an inability to engage the
deepest questions of life. Patients may be asking questions such
The role of spirituality in health care
CHRISTINA M. PUCHALSKI, MD, MS
From The George Washington Institute for Spirituality and Health (GWish), The
George Washington University Medical Center Departments of Medicine and
Health Care Sciences, and The George Washington University, Washington, DC.
Presented at Baylor University Medical Center on February 28, 2001, as the Baylor-
Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center Charlotte ...
Spiritual Transformation in Claimant Mediums / PA Presentation June 2016William Everist, PHD
A qualitative study designed to establish a comprehensive understanding of the initial experience associated with the spiritual transformation process of inexperienced claimant mediums, commonly described as individuals who allegedly have regular communications with the deceased. Spiritually Transformative Experiences are commonly thought to be a type of transformation and expansion of consciousness.
Cognitive conflicts in major depression: Between desired change and personal ...Guillem Feixas
Article in British Journal of Clinical Psychology (early view). Abstract:
Objectives
The notion of intra-psychic conflict has been present in psychopathology for more than a century within different theoretical orientations. However, internal conflicts have not received enough empirical attention, nor has their importance in depression been fully elaborated. This study is based on the notion of cognitive conflict, understood as implicative dilemma, and on a new way of identifying these conflicts by means of the repertory grid technique. Our aim is to explore the relevance of cognitive conflicts among depressive patients.
Design
Comparison between persons with a diagnosis of major depressive disorder and community controls.
Methods
161 patients with major depression and 110 non-depressed participants were assessed for presence of implicative dilemmas and level of symptom severity. The content of these cognitive conflicts was also analysed.
Results
Repertory grid analysis indicated conflict (presence of implicative dilemma/s) in a greater proportion of depressive patients than in controls. Taking only those grids with conflict, the average number of implicative dilemmas per person was higher in the depression group.
In addition, participants with cognitive conflicts displayed higher symptom severity. Within the clinical sample, patients with implicative dilemmas presented lower levels of global functioning and a more frequent history of suicide attempts.
Conclusions
Cognitive conflicts were more prevalent in depressive patients and were associated with clinical severity. Conflict assessment at pre-therapy could aid in treatment planning to fit patient characteristics.
Practitioner Points
• Internal conflicts have been postulated in clinical psychology for a long time but there is little evidence about its relevance due to the lack of methods to measure them.
• We developed a method for identifying conflicts using the Repertory Grid Technique.
• Depressive patients have higher presence and number of conflicts than controls.
• Conflicts (implicative dilemmas) can be a new target for intervention in depression.
Cautions/Limitations
• A cross-sectional design precluded causal conclusions.
• The role of implicative dilemmas in the causation or maintenance of depression cannot be ascertained from this study.
"Badiou, the Event, and Psychiatry. Part I: Trauma and Event" - Di Nicola - A...Université de Montréal
"Badiou, the Event, and Psychiatry" by Vincenzo Di Nicola Part I: Trauma and Event. Part II: Psychiatry of the Event This online blog of the American Philosophical Association is an overview of my work with French philosopher Alain Badiou for my doctoral dissertation ("Trauma and Event: A Philosophical Archaeology," Di Nicola, 2012) and my subsequent elaboration of his theory of the event to announce an "Evental psychiatry."
Link: https://blog.apaonline.org/2017/11/23/badiou-the-event-and-psychiatry-part-1-trauma-and-event/
Business and Government Relations Please respond to the following.docxCruzIbarra161
"Business and Government Relations" Please respond to the following:
Discuss the main reasons why a business should or should not be involved in political discussions or take a political stand. Use terms found in Chapter 9 to demonstrate your understanding of the material. You can submit your initial discussion post and responses in either written or video format (2-3 minutes or less).
.
Business Continuity Planning Explain how components of the busine.docxCruzIbarra161
Business Continuity Planning: Explain how components of the business infrastructure are included in a business continuity plan. Discuss the processes of planning, analysis, design, implementation, testing and maintenance in developing this plan. This assignment must be at least 2 full pages. Apply the 4-C's of writing:
Correct, complete, clear, and concise.
.
business and its environment Discuss the genesis, contributing fac.docxCruzIbarra161
business and its environment
Discuss the genesis, contributing factors, modus operandi, effectiveness in generating social pressure, the strategy followed by target companies along with allied aspects with two examples from Canadian mining, manufacturing, telecommunication or utility companies.
minimum of 2000 words and 10 good quality references.
The paper should be properly cited as per
APA format.
.
business and its environment Discuss the genesis, contributing facto.docxCruzIbarra161
business and its environment Discuss the genesis, contributing factors, modus operandi, effectiveness in generating social pressure, the strategy followed by target companies along with allied aspects with two examples from Canadian mining, manufacturing, telecommunication or utility companies. minimum of 2000 words and 10 good quality references. The paper should be properly cited as per APA format.
.
352 BUMC PROCEEDINGS 2001;14:352–357
The technological advances of the past century tended tochange the focus of medicine from a caring, service-oriented model to a technological, cure-oriented model.
Technology has led to phenomenal advances in medicine and
has given us the ability to prolong life. However, in the past few
decades physicians have attempted to balance their care by re-
claiming medicine’s more spiritual roots, recognizing that until
modern times spirituality was often linked with health care.
Spiritual or compassionate care involves serving the whole per-
son—the physical, emotional, social, and spiritual. Such service
is inherently a spiritual activity. Rachel Naomi Remen, MD, who
has developed Commonweal retreats for people with cancer, de-
scribed it well:
Helping, fixing, and serving represent three different ways of see-
ing life. When you help, you see life as weak. When you fix, you
see life as broken. When you serve, you see life as whole. Fixing
and helping may be the work of the ego, and service the work of
the soul (1).
Serving patients may involve spending time with them, hold-
ing their hands, and talking about what is important to them.
Patients value these experiences with their physicians. In this
article, I discuss elements of compassionate care, review some
research on the role of spirituality in health care, highlight ad-
vantages of understanding patients’ spirituality, explain ways to
practice spiritual care, and summarize some national efforts to
incorporate spirituality into medicine.
COMPASSIONATE CARE: HELPING PATIENTS FIND MEANING IN
THEIR SUFFERING AND ADDRESSING THEIR SPIRITUALITY
The word compassion means “to suffer with.” Compassionate
care calls physicians to walk with people in the midst of their
pain, to be partners with patients rather than experts dictating
information to them.
Victor Frankl, a psychiatrist who wrote of his experiences in
a Nazi concentration camp, wrote: “Man is not destroyed by suf-
fering; he is destroyed by suffering without meaning” (2). One
of the challenges physicians face is to help people find meaning
and acceptance in the midst of suffering and chronic illness.
Medical ethicists have reminded us that religion and spiritual-
ity form the basis of meaning and purpose for many people (3).
At the same time, while patients struggle with the physical as-
pects of their disease, they have other pain as well: pain related
to mental and spiritual suffering, to an inability to engage the
deepest questions of life. Patients may be asking questions such
The role of spirituality in health care
CHRISTINA M. PUCHALSKI, MD, MS
From The George Washington Institute for Spirituality and Health (GWish), The
George Washington University Medical Center Departments of Medicine and
Health Care Sciences, and The George Washington University, Washington, DC.
Presented at Baylor University Medical Center on February 28, 2001, as the Baylor-
Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center Charlotte ...
Spiritual Transformation in Claimant Mediums / PA Presentation June 2016William Everist, PHD
A qualitative study designed to establish a comprehensive understanding of the initial experience associated with the spiritual transformation process of inexperienced claimant mediums, commonly described as individuals who allegedly have regular communications with the deceased. Spiritually Transformative Experiences are commonly thought to be a type of transformation and expansion of consciousness.
Cognitive conflicts in major depression: Between desired change and personal ...Guillem Feixas
Article in British Journal of Clinical Psychology (early view). Abstract:
Objectives
The notion of intra-psychic conflict has been present in psychopathology for more than a century within different theoretical orientations. However, internal conflicts have not received enough empirical attention, nor has their importance in depression been fully elaborated. This study is based on the notion of cognitive conflict, understood as implicative dilemma, and on a new way of identifying these conflicts by means of the repertory grid technique. Our aim is to explore the relevance of cognitive conflicts among depressive patients.
Design
Comparison between persons with a diagnosis of major depressive disorder and community controls.
Methods
161 patients with major depression and 110 non-depressed participants were assessed for presence of implicative dilemmas and level of symptom severity. The content of these cognitive conflicts was also analysed.
Results
Repertory grid analysis indicated conflict (presence of implicative dilemma/s) in a greater proportion of depressive patients than in controls. Taking only those grids with conflict, the average number of implicative dilemmas per person was higher in the depression group.
In addition, participants with cognitive conflicts displayed higher symptom severity. Within the clinical sample, patients with implicative dilemmas presented lower levels of global functioning and a more frequent history of suicide attempts.
Conclusions
Cognitive conflicts were more prevalent in depressive patients and were associated with clinical severity. Conflict assessment at pre-therapy could aid in treatment planning to fit patient characteristics.
Practitioner Points
• Internal conflicts have been postulated in clinical psychology for a long time but there is little evidence about its relevance due to the lack of methods to measure them.
• We developed a method for identifying conflicts using the Repertory Grid Technique.
• Depressive patients have higher presence and number of conflicts than controls.
• Conflicts (implicative dilemmas) can be a new target for intervention in depression.
Cautions/Limitations
• A cross-sectional design precluded causal conclusions.
• The role of implicative dilemmas in the causation or maintenance of depression cannot be ascertained from this study.
"Badiou, the Event, and Psychiatry. Part I: Trauma and Event" - Di Nicola - A...Université de Montréal
"Badiou, the Event, and Psychiatry" by Vincenzo Di Nicola Part I: Trauma and Event. Part II: Psychiatry of the Event This online blog of the American Philosophical Association is an overview of my work with French philosopher Alain Badiou for my doctoral dissertation ("Trauma and Event: A Philosophical Archaeology," Di Nicola, 2012) and my subsequent elaboration of his theory of the event to announce an "Evental psychiatry."
Link: https://blog.apaonline.org/2017/11/23/badiou-the-event-and-psychiatry-part-1-trauma-and-event/
Business and Government Relations Please respond to the following.docxCruzIbarra161
"Business and Government Relations" Please respond to the following:
Discuss the main reasons why a business should or should not be involved in political discussions or take a political stand. Use terms found in Chapter 9 to demonstrate your understanding of the material. You can submit your initial discussion post and responses in either written or video format (2-3 minutes or less).
.
Business Continuity Planning Explain how components of the busine.docxCruzIbarra161
Business Continuity Planning: Explain how components of the business infrastructure are included in a business continuity plan. Discuss the processes of planning, analysis, design, implementation, testing and maintenance in developing this plan. This assignment must be at least 2 full pages. Apply the 4-C's of writing:
Correct, complete, clear, and concise.
.
business and its environment Discuss the genesis, contributing fac.docxCruzIbarra161
business and its environment
Discuss the genesis, contributing factors, modus operandi, effectiveness in generating social pressure, the strategy followed by target companies along with allied aspects with two examples from Canadian mining, manufacturing, telecommunication or utility companies.
minimum of 2000 words and 10 good quality references.
The paper should be properly cited as per
APA format.
.
business and its environment Discuss the genesis, contributing facto.docxCruzIbarra161
business and its environment Discuss the genesis, contributing factors, modus operandi, effectiveness in generating social pressure, the strategy followed by target companies along with allied aspects with two examples from Canadian mining, manufacturing, telecommunication or utility companies. minimum of 2000 words and 10 good quality references. The paper should be properly cited as per APA format.
.
Business BUS 210 research outline1.Cover page 2.Table .docxCruzIbarra161
Business BUS 210 research outline
1.
Cover page
2.
Table of content
3.
Executive summary
4.
Introduction
5.
Business Hypothesis / or Statement/ or the Main Question for the whole research
6.
Literature review
7.
Designing the questionnaires
8.
Pretest/ pilot test
9.
Adjust the questioners
– if required
10.
Collect the data from the official sample
11.
Data Entry
12.
Analysis
13.
Tabulations: Frequencies
“and Cross-tabulation if required”
14.
Report
o
Include the purpose for the business research
o
Time
o
Sample size
o
Location
o
Target
o
Way to collect the data (by email, personal, interview, phone…)
o
Challenges you faced
o
Findings /results
15.
Conclusion
16.
Recommendation
17.
References
18.
Appendixes
o
Questionnaire
o
All tabulations
.
BUS 439 International Human Resource ManagementInstructor Steven .docxCruzIbarra161
BUS 439 International Human Resource Management
Instructor: Steven Foster
Why did Nestle’s decentralized structure, which had brought the company success in the past, no longer fit the new realities of increasing global competition? What were the objectives of the GLOBE initiative? How was it more than just an SAP change?
.
BUS 439 International Human Resource ManagementEmployee Value Pr.docxCruzIbarra161
BUS 439 International Human Resource Management
Employee Value Proposition
Define and discuss EVP – what factors may make it difficult to determine EVP on a global basis? What considerations should be made to clearly understand and make use of this information? Why is EVP important for organizations to understand? What can organizations do to build a differentiated EVP?
.
Bullzeye is a discount retailer offering a wide range of products,.docxCruzIbarra161
Bullzeye is a discount retailer offering a wide range of products, including: home goods, clothing, toys, and food. The company is a regional retailer with 10 brick-and-mortar stores as well as a popular online store. Due to the recent credit card data breaches of various prominent national retail companies (e.g., Target, Home Depot, Staples), the Bullzeye Board of Directors has taken particular interest in information security, especially as it pertains to the protection of credit cardholder data within the Bullzeye environment. The Board has asked executive management to evaluate and strengthen the enterprise’s information security infrastructure, where needed.
In order to respond to the Board regarding their preparedness for a cyber-security attack, the Chief Financial Officer (CFO) has engaged your IT consulting firm to identify the inherent risks and recommend control remediation strategies to prevent or to detect and appropriately respond to data breaches. Your firm has been requested to liaison with the Internal Audit Department during the engagement. Your first step is to gain an understanding of Bullzeye’s IT environment. The Chief Audit Executive (CAE) schedules a meeting with key Bullzeye leadership personnel, including the CFO, Chief Information Officer (CIO), and Chief Information Security Officer (CISO).
The following key information was obtained.
Background
IT Security Framework/Policy -
Bullzeye has an information security policy, which was developed by the CISO. The policy was developed in response to an internal audit conducted by an external firm hired by the CAE. The policy is not based on one specific IT control framework but considers elements contained within several frameworks. An information security committee has been recently formed to discuss new security risks and to develop mitigation strategies.
The meeting will be held monthly and include the CISO and other key IT Directors reporting to the CIO.
In addition, a training program was implemented last year in order to provide education on various information security topics (e.g., social engineering, malware, etc.). The program requires that all staff within the IT department complete an annual information security training webinar and corresponding quiz. The training program is complemented by a monthly e-mail sent to IT staff, which highlights relevant information security topics.
General IT Environment -
Most employees in the corporate office are assigned a standard desktop computer, although certain management personnel in the corporate and retail locations are issued a laptop if they can demonstrate their need to work remotely. The laptops are given a standard Microsoft Windows operating system image, which includes anti-malware/anti-virus software and patch update software among others. In addition, new laptops are now encrypted; however, desktops and existing laptops are not currently encrypted due to budget concerns. The user provisioning.
Building on the work that you prepared for Milestones One through Th.docxCruzIbarra161
Building on the work that you prepared for Milestones One through Three, submit a document that builds upon the previously completed milestone summaries to provide an overall summary of the distribution company’s IT system as a whole. This should illustrate how each individual system component (network, database, web technology, computers, programming, and security systems) interrelates with the others and summarize the importance of IT technologies for the overall system.
.
Budget Legislation Once the budget has been prepared by the vari.docxCruzIbarra161
Budget Legislation
Once the budget has been prepared by the various agencies, it is often moved forward to the legislative body for authorization. The legislation process can result in unintended outcomes and restrictions. Search the internet and news reporting services for a story on an unintended outcome of interest to you and answer the following questions:
How did politics shape the outcome in unexpected ways?
Did “pork” spending or “apportionments and allotments” budget amendments affect the legislation?
Did a mid-year crisis or change in revenue expectations substantially impact the budget legislative action?
Respond to at least two of your classmates’ postings.
Performance Budgeting
Performance budgeting has been attempted at the local level in recent years. Address the issues of performance budgeting while answering the following questions: What attributes of performance budgeting make it particularly suitable to local government budgeting? Will the same attributes be as useful at the federal level? Respond to at least two of your classmates’ postings.
.
Browsing the podcasts on iTunes or YouTube, listen to a few of Gramm.docxCruzIbarra161
Browsing the podcasts on iTunes or YouTube, listen to a few of Grammar Girl's Quick and Dirty Tips series (grammar tips by Mignon Fogarty) or Money Girl's series (financial advice by Laura Adams).
Your Task: Pick a Money Girl or Grammar Girl podcast that interests you. Listen to it, or obtain a transcript on the website and study it for its structure. Is it direct or indirect? Informative or persuasive? How is it presented? What style does the speaker adopt? Was it effective? What changes would you suggest? Write an e-mail that discusses the podcast you analyzed.
.
Brown Primary Care Dental clinics Oral Health Initiative p.docxCruzIbarra161
Brown Primary Care Dental clinics Oral Health Initiative project
The project will consist of three elements:
•
Part 1: Economic Analysis of the Initiative of Choice [
Brown Primary Care Dental clinics Oral Health Initiative
5 pages) .
The economic analysis should include:
Principles of economics for evaluating and assessing the need for the public health initiative
A brief description of whether the initiative is a micro or macroeconomic program
A determination of whether the result of the initiative is a public or private good
A description of the initiative’s financing source
An explanation of how the initiative may affect supply and demand of public health services
•
Part 2: Financial Accounting Analysis (5 pages)
A 5-year proposed budget including major line items (see blank form for proposed budget on NIH grants pagelocated in the course syllabus or here:
Online Article:
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (2009, June).
Public health service: PHS 398
. Detailed Budget for Initial Budget Period Form Page 4
http://grants.nih.gov/grants/funding/phs398/phs398.html
Grant Application PHS 398. U.S. Department of Health And Human Services Public Health Service.
-An analysis of budget line items, costs, sources of revenue, and deficits
-An analysis of the fiscal soundness and long-term viability of the public -health initiative
•
Part 3: Alternative Funding Sources (5pages)
Part 3: Alternative Funding Sources[ 5 pages
For this part of your Scholar-Practitioner Project you will evaluate funding sources for the public health initiative you selected in Week 2. Then, you will submit a mock grant proposal for an appropriate grant to supplement or allow expansion of your selected public health initiative.
The proposal should include:
•
The public health initiative’s purpose, background, goals, and objectives
•
A description of the funding sources you selected and explanation of why you selected it over others
•
Eligibility and selection criteria for the funding source
•
An explanation of the funds needed and how the funds may be used
•
The adjusted total 5-year budget you completed in week 9 (include all instructor recommendations)
(8 sources/references)
.
BUDDHISMWEEK 3Cosmogony - Origin of the UniverseNature of .docxCruzIbarra161
BUDDHISM
WEEK 3
Cosmogony - Origin of the Universe
Nature of God/Creator
View of Human Nature
View of Good & Evil
View of Salvation
View of After Life
Practices and Rituals
Celebrations & Festivals
Week 3 - Sources
.
Build a binary search tree that holds first names.Create a menu .docxCruzIbarra161
Build a binary search tree that holds first names.
Create a menu with the following options.
Add a name to the list (will add a new node)
Delete a name from the list (will delete a node)
NEXT PAGE
à
Search for a name (will return if the name is in the tree or not)
Output the number of leaves in your tree
Output the tree (Complete an inorder traversal.)
.
Briefly describe the development of the string quartet. How would yo.docxCruzIbarra161
Briefly describe the development of the string quartet. How would you relate this chamber ensemble to modern performing groups such as the jazz quartet? Or to a rock ensemble? What are some of the similarities and differences? Refer to the listening examples in the Special Focus to support your conclusions.
Listening examples:
String Quartet in E-Flat, No. 2
("Joke") by Haydn
String Quartet in C Minor
by Beethoven
String Quartet No. 2, Op. 17
by Bartók
.
Briefly describe a time when you were misled by everyday observation.docxCruzIbarra161
Briefly describe a time when you were misled by everyday observations (that is when you reached a conclusion on the basis of an everyday observation that you later decided was an incorrect conclusion). What type of error in casual inquiry (sources of secondhand knowledge) were you guilty of? Examples include over-generalization, stereotyping, illogical reasoning, etc
.
Broadening Your Perspective 8-1The financial statements of Toots.docxCruzIbarra161
Broadening Your Perspective 8-1
The financial statements of Tootsie Roll are presented below.
TOOTSIE ROLL INDUSTRIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF
Earnings, Comprehensive Earnings and Retained Earnings (in thousands except per share data)
For the year ended December 31,
2011
2010
2009
Net product sales
$528,369
$517,149
$495,592
Rental and royalty revenue
4,136
4,299
3,739
Total revenue
532,505
521,448
499,331
Product cost of goods sold
365,225
349,334
319,775
Rental and royalty cost
1,038
1,088
852
Total costs
366,263
350,422
320,627
Product gross margin
163,144
167,815
175,817
Rental and royalty gross margin
3,098
3,211
2,887
Total gross margin
166,242
171,026
178,704
Selling, marketing and administrative expenses
108,276
106,316
103,755
Impairment charges
—
—
14,000
Earnings from operations
57,966
64,710
60,949
Other income (expense), net
2,946
8,358
2,100
Earnings before income taxes
60,912
73,068
63,049
Provision for income taxes
16,974
20,005
9,892
Net earnings
$43,938
$53,063
$53,157
Net earnings
$43,938
$53,063
$53,157
Other comprehensive earnings (loss)
(8,740
)
1,183
2,845
Comprehensive earnings
$35,198
$54,246
$56,002
Retained earnings at beginning of year.
$135,866
$147,687
$144,949
Net earnings
43,938
53,063
53,157
Cash dividends
(18,360
)
(18,078
)
(17,790
)
Stock dividends
(47,175
)
(46,806
)
(32,629
)
Retained earnings at end of year
$114,269
$135,866
$147,687
Earnings per share
$0.76
$0.90
$0.89
Average Common and Class B Common shares outstanding
57,892
58,685
59,425
(The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements.)
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF
Financial Position
TOOTSIE ROLL INDUSTRIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES (in thousands except per share data)
Assets
December 31,
2011
2010
CURRENT ASSETS:
Cash and cash equivalents
$78,612
$115,976
Investments
10,895
7,996
Accounts receivable trade, less allowances of $1,731 and $1,531
41,895
37,394
Other receivables
3,391
9,961
Inventories:
Finished goods and work-in-process
42,676
35,416
Raw materials and supplies
29,084
21,236
Prepaid expenses
5,070
6,499
Deferred income taxes
578
689
Total current assets
212,201
235,167
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT, at cost:
Land
21,939
21,696
Buildings
107,567
102,934
Machinery and equipment
322,993
307,178
Construction in progress
2,598
9,243
455,097
440,974
Less—Accumulated depreciation
242,935
225,482
Net property, plant and equipment
212,162
215,492
OTHER ASSETS:
Goodwill
73,237
73,237
Trademarks
175,024
175,024
Investments
96,161
64,461
Split dollar officer life insurance
74,209
.
Briefly discuss the differences in the old Minimum Foundation Prog.docxCruzIbarra161
Briefly discuss the differences in the old Minimum Foundation Program ( 1947 ) and the FEFP ( 1973 ).
What part of the basic FEFP formula ( State Aid = WFTE x BSA - (.96 AV } provides A. equity for students and B. equalization of funding for districts?
Review how student transportation dollars are calculated. What are the two major components?
What is the function of Workforce Development funds?
What are Categorical Program funds? How do they differ from general FEFP funding?
What are the four constructs on which the FEFP is based? ( Page 1--2
nd
paragraph )
Briefly define the following:
Full time equivalent
Program cost factor
Weighted FTE
Base student allocation
District cost differential
Sparsity supplement
Supplemental academic instruction
0.748 Mills Discretionary Compresion (audio is incorrect-changed from Local Discretionary Equalization).
ESE guaranteed allocation
Required local effort
Please answer all in as a mini- brief and follow directions as I tried to be as spicific as possible with the questions.
.
Briefly compare and contrast EHRs, EMRs, and PHRs. Include the typic.docxCruzIbarra161
Briefly compare and contrast EHRs, EMRs, and PHRs. Include the typical content and functionality of each.
Focusing on one of these types of records, describe the key benefits for one of the stakeholders (e.g., patients, providers, or health care management) of being able to record and/or access patient data through this system.
Should all patient health information be recorded electronically? If so, explain why. If not, explain what the exceptions should be and why.
.
Brief Exercise 9-11Suppose Nike, Inc. reported the followin.docxCruzIbarra161
*Brief Exercise 9-11
Suppose
Nike, Inc.
reported the following plant assets and intangible assets for the year ended May 31, 2014 (in millions): other plant assets $954.9; land $226.7; patents and trademarks (at cost) $530.7; machinery and equipment $2,137.2; buildings $967; goodwill (at cost) $207.5; accumulated amortization $59.3; and accumulated depreciation $2,290.
Prepare a partial balance sheet for Nike for these items.
(List Property, Plant and Equipment in order of Land, Buildings and Equipment.)
NIKE, INC.
Partial Balance Sheet
As of May 31, 2014
(in millions)
[removed]
[removed]
$
[removed]
[removed]
$
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
:
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
$
[removed]
[removed]
:
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
*Exercise 9-7
Wang Co. has delivery equipment that cost $50,840 and has been depreciated $24,960.
Record entries for the disposal under the following assumptions.
(Credit account titles are automatically indented when amount is entered. Do not indent manually.)
(a)
It was scrapped as having no value.
(b)
It was sold for $37,200.
(c)
It was sold for $19,360.
No.
Account Titles and Explanation
Debit
Credit
(a)
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
(b)
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
(c)
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
*Exercise 9-8
Here are selected 2014 transactions of Cleland Corporation.
Jan. 1
Retired a piece of machinery that was purchased on January 1, 2004. The machine cost $62,160 and had a useful life of 10 years with no salvage value.
June 30
Sold a computer that was purchased on January 1, 2012. The computer cost $37,000 and had a useful life of 4 years with no salvage value. The computer was sold for $5,630 cash.
Dec. 31
Sold a delivery truck for $9,310 cash. The truck cost $23,600 when it was purchased on January 1, 2011, and was depreciated based on a 5-year useful life with a $3,290 salvage value.
Journalize all entries required on the above dates, including entries to update depreciation on assets disposed of, where applicable. Cleland Corporation uses straight-line depreciation.
(Record entries in the order displayed in the problem statement. Credit account titles are automatically indented when amount is entered. Do not indent manually.)
Date
Account Titles and Explanation
Debit
Credit
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
(To record depreciation expense for the first 6 months of 2014)
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[removed]
[remo.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
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The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
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This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
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Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
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Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
2. the appearance and course
of psychoanalytically oriented treatments, as well as cognitively
and interpersonally based
treatments are detailed. Evidence supporting these approaches
and remaining questions for
research are discussed.
Keywords
schizophrenia, recovery, psychotherapy, psychosis
Recent reviews have suggested that contrary to long-standing
pessimistic views, most people with
schizophrenia do not experience lifelong dysfunction. Instead,
most with this condition move
meaningfully toward or achieve recovery over the course of
their lives (Bellack, 2006; Lysaker &
Buck, 2008; Silverstein, Spaulding, & Menditto, 2006). They
may not only experience improve-
ments with regard to symptoms or function, but also positive
changes in how persons think about
and experience themselves as individual human beings in the
world (Resnick, Rosenheck, &
Lehman, 2004; Roe, 2001; Silverstein & Bellack, 2008). As a
result of growing awareness of this
possibility, interest has arisen in whether some forms of
psychotherapy could play an important
role in treatment. Given literature suggesting psychotherapy
may help a wide range of people
without psychosis to develop both a richer sense of self and a
more adaptive self-concept
(Hermans & Dimaggio, 2005), it is now asked whether it could
do the same for many with schizo-
phrenia and thereby uniquely promote recovery (Lysaker &
Lysaker, 2008).
3. To explore this question and a wide range of related concerns,
this issue of Clinical Case Stud-
ies is devoted to case studies of the processes by which
individual psychotherapy can promote
recovery. Therapies which range from office to community
based and from existential to
1Indiana University School of Medicine
2University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey,
Piscataway
Corresponding Author:
Paul H. Lysaker, 1481 West 10 street, Indiana University
School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202
Email: [email protected]
418 Clinical Case Studies 8(6)
metacognitive to cognitive behavioral are presented with the
unifying question of how they are
able to promote wellness. Before beginning with the first,
however, it seems important to note
that any advancement in this area should be considered in the
context of the long and controver-
sial past of the psychotherapy of schizophrenia, a past which,
almost as much as any, contains a
range of of conflicting scientific claims and emotional ladden
debates. To provide a framework
for considering how to think about contemporary developments
in schizophrenia, the current
article first offers a brief overview of the history of the
psychotherapy of schizophrenia and then
highlights some of the continuing points of contention.
4. The History of the Psychotherapy of Schizophrenia
Often overlooked is that one of the first clinicians to seriously
advocate for individual psycho-
therapy for people with schizophrenia was Jung (1907/1960).
Jung (1907/1960, 1939/1960,
1958) treated many hospitalized and significantly ill patients in
the early part of the 20th century
and contrary to the zeitgeist, argued that persons with
schizophrenia could accept and benefit
from a psychotherapy with certain modifications. Jung
suggested that even the most profoundly
disturbed aspects of illness were connected in some meaningful
way to the life history and self-
concept of the patient. As such Jung asserted that much of the
work of therapy necessarily
involved increasing the patient’s understanding of his or her
self-concept.
Initially though, Jung was alone in this pursuit, as Freud (1957)
had firmly announced that
psychoanalysis with people with schizophre nia was impossible
given that persons with schizo-
phrenia could not form a proper attachment to a therapist. And
psychotherapy for schizophrenia
briefly then vanished more or less once Jung left the Burghölzli
and with a few notable excep-
tions (Fierz, 1991; Perry, 2005), abandoned his interest in
schizophrenia.
In the 1930s and 40s, however, interest in the psychotherapy of
schizophrenia suddenly
appeared in a range of different settings. Psychoanalysts such as
Fromm-Reichmann (1954),
Hill (1957), Searles (1965), and Sullivan (1962) all produced
reports which contended that
meaningful intimate bonds with persons with schizophrenia
5. could emerge in therapy. They
noted patients with this condition were often eager for treatment
and could utilize the bonds that
formed with therapists as the basis of a movement toward
health. These and other authors pro-
duced a wealth of compelling anecdotal reports suggesting that
persons with schizophrenia
could accept and embrace psychotherapy as a means to make
sense of their lives in a holistic
manner they otherwise could not. Psychotherapy thus emerged
as a treatment that might thereby
help them develop both a healthier sense of themselves as
beings in the world and richer experi-
ences of daily life. As an illustration here is a quote from a
person with schizophrenia about
their experience of psychotherapy offered by Hayward and
Taylor (1956):
Meeting you made me feel like a traveler who’s been lost in a
land where no speaks his
language. Worst of all, the traveler doesn’t even know where he
should be going. He feels
completely lost and helpless and alone. Then suddenly he meets
a stranger who can speak
English. . . it feels so much better to be able to share the
problem. . . If you are not alone
you don’t feel hopeless any more. Somehow it gives you life
and a willingness to fight
again. (p. 221)
While this literature produced a series of interesting though
sometimes fantastic theories of
the subjective experience of psychosis and its antecedents, there
was little scientific evidence
supporting its efficacy. As reviewed in a range of sources,
controlled trials failed to find
6. significant benefits for psychoanalytic psychotherapy (Drake &
Sederer, 1986). For instance, in
what was referred to as the Boston Psychotherapy Study, more
than 160 adults with schizophrenia
Lysaker and Silverstein 419
were randomly assigned to receive exploratory insight oriented
therapy or a reality based
supportive psychotherapy (Gunderson et al., 1984). Extensive
efforts were devoted to the
training of therapists, the selection of appropriate participants,
assessment procedures and
methods. Nevertheless, the most notable result was a drop rate
of just more than 40% six months
after assigned to treatment and a drop rate of nearly 70% two
years following that. More detailed
analyses of the results of those who remained in the study
revealed some improvements in
insight as well as improvements in negative symptoms among
participants assigned to the more
skilled therapists (Glass et al., 1989; Gunderson et al., 1984).
Beyond the findings of the Boston psychotherapy study, another
blow was simultaneously
dealt to the credibility of at least some psychoanalytic
treatments for schizophrenia. In particular,
a range of approaches to the psychotherapy were based on the
idea that schizophrenia is primar-
ily caused by pathological family dynamics (e.g., Karon 2003).
Psychotherapy, according to this
view was the treatment of choice as it alone could repair the
damage done by caretakers to their
children by too great, too little, or too confusing levels of
7. involvement. Research, however, indi-
cated that schizophrenia was instead a genetically influenced,
neurobiological brain disorder
involving distortion of basic human experience, one that could
well develop regardless of family
dynamics. Beyond pointing to the reality that families had been
generically blamed without any
basis, the issue here was raised of whether there was anything at
all psychotherapy could offer,
that is, beyond general human support. Drake and Sederer
(1986), for instance likened some
psychotherapies of schizophrenia to the pouring of burning oil
over wounds, a medical practice
that went for centuries without any medical basis. Nevertheless,
when surveyed, 60% of men-
tally ill persons and their families indicated that they were
interested in psychotherapy, a rate that
possibly echoes the finding that three in five participants
remained in the Boston study at 6
months (Coursey, Keller, & Farrell, 1995; Hatfield, Gearon, &
Coursey, 1996).
Following this, and concurrent with the recognition of recovery
as a likely outcome of schizo-
phrenia, a range of new possible rationales for psychotherapy
for schizophrenia have been raised
as well as empirical support for the efficacy of psychotherapy.
Perhaps most prominent among
these involve cognitive behavior therapy (CBT). Originally
created to address depression, the
use of CBT has steadily expanded to address schizophrenia and
other psychotic disorders (Rector
& Beck, 2002). Treatment from this perspective has stressed
that the neurobiological processes
of schizophrenia interact with social, developmental, and
psychological factors resulting in mal-
8. adaptive beliefs about the self, and tendencies to attr ibute
malicious intentions to others in an
overly rigid manner. CBT thus helps to correct those beliefs
through a systematic, collaborative
process of belief examination and prediction of the
consequences of behaviors and events. Evi-
dence supporting its efficacy includes controlled trials showing
that persons with schizophrenia
are willing to attend CBT and that CBT can reduce
dysfunctional cognitions, leading to reduc-
tions in positive and negative symptoms, and improvements in
psychosocial function (Drury,
Birchwood, Cochrane, & MacMillian, 1996; Gumley et al.,
2003; Lysaker, Davis, Bryson, &
Bell, 2009; Pilling et al., 2002; Sensky et al., 2000).
Diverging slightly from this line of thought, Chadwick (2006)
developed Person-Based
Cognitive Therapy for distressing psychosis, in an effort to
move from a symptom-focused to
a person-focused therapy. Person-Based Cognitive Therapy is an
integrative form of treatment
which draws on cognitive theory, mindfulness, client centered
principles, and a social–
developmental perspective which understands language as a
socially available tool which
persons use to make meaning of their daily activities. This
approach uses cognitive and expe-
riential techniques for working with pervasively negative self
schemata and promoting
self-acceptance and self-awareness. In parallel, case studies by
other authors, have also sug-
gested cognitive behavior therapy for psychosis can address the
personal meaning of symptoms
and psychosocial dilemmas (Davis & Lysaker, 2005;
Silverstein, 2007).
9. 420 Clinical Case Studies 8(6)
Interest has also increased in using a modified form of
psychoanalytic therapy for people with
schizophrenia. Bachmann, Resch, and Mundt (2003), has
suggested that psychoanalytic psycho-
therapy for people with schizophrenia may beneficially foster
an experience of the self and the
therapist as two separate people that share a relationship,
leading to the stabilization of a sense
of personal identity, and the integration of the psychotic
experience. Some evidence suggests that
such an approach can be helpful, at least for people who are
more clinically stable at the outset
of treatment (Hauff et al., 2002). Rosenbaum et al. (2005) have
also indicated that among more
than 560 first episode patients, those who received supportive
individual psychodynamic psy-
chotherapy or an integrated treatment had better overall
functional outcomes after 1 year of
treatment than those who received treatment as usual.
At perhaps an even larger holistic level, attention has turned to
whether psychotherapy might
promote recovery by helping some with schizophrenia develop a
richer sense of personal identity
as embedded with that person’s unique personal history or
narrative (France & Uhlin, 2006;
Lysaker, Buck, & Roe 2007; Silverstein et al., 2006). Beyond
exploring the validity of a particu-
lar conclusion or response to a particular symptom,
psychotherapy has been suggested as
something that could, as it does for many others (Adler,
10. Skalina, & McAdams, 2008; Neimeyer
& Raskin, 2000), represent a place where persons develop richer
and more layered stories about
who they are in the present, the person they have been across
the course of their life and what is
possible in the future for them. A deepened personal narrative
might then naturally be an oppor-
tunity for experience of oneself as an active agent who prevails
in the face of adversity. Providing
some support for this possibility are case studies suggesting that
improvements in the richness of
personal narratives may result during the course of individual
psychotherapy of persons with
schizophrenia and may be linked with other indicators of
recovery (Lysaker, Davis, Jones,
Strasburger, & Hunter, 2007; Lysaker et al., 2005), that self
concept is a meaningful predictor of
outcome in both first episode (Harder, 2006) and more advanced
phases of illness (Lysaker,
Buck, Hammoud, Taylor, & Roe, 2006). Finally, in the face of
evidence that many with schizo-
phrenia experience difficulties with metacognition, or thinking
about thinking (Brune, 2005;
Lafargue & Frank, 2009; McGlade et al., 2008; Stratta et al.,
2007), others have suggested that
psychotherapy could promote recovery by helping persons to
develop metacognitive capacity
(Lysaker, Buck, & Ringer, 2007). Just as psychotherapy has
been found to promote metacogni-
tion in persons who do not suffer from psychosis (Bateman &
Fonegy, 2001; Choi-Kain &
Gunderson, 2008; Dimaggio, Semerari, Carcione, Nicolò, &
Procacci, 2007), could it be tailored
to help persons with schizophrenia make better sense of their
own mental states and the mental
states of others and thereby evolve a complex storied
11. understanding of one’s life? Evidence of
this possibility includes some case studies (Lysaker et al., 2007)
suggesting that psychotherapy
interventions can be used to target metacognitive capacity as
well as empirical studies suggesting
that metacognitive deficits indeed limit personal narrative
beyond the effects of other aspects of
psychopathology and social factors such as stigma (Corcoran &
Frith, 2003; Lysaker, Buck,
Taylor, & Roe, 2008).
Summary and Questions
In summary, the history of the psychotherapy of schizophrenia
contains a series of different
epochs. Most recently we have observed a rise in possi ble
rationales for how psychotherapy
could promote recovery. These include approaches which
address a wide array of phenomenon,
some at the level of symptoms and others at the level of
personal narrative and the quality of
self-experience. Many questions however, remain. Whereas the
efficacy of symptom-focused
approaches are supported in part by randomized trials, more
holistic approaches are still develop-
ing and awaiting more rigorous testing. Beyond that it remains
to be articulated to what extent
Lysaker and Silverstein 421
the emerging cognitive, dynamic, interpersonal, and
phenomenological approaches differ from
one another. Are there key principles which might unite these in
some ways? Do they approach
the issue of recovery in fundamentall y different ways? Is it
12. possible that each may be appropriate
for some but not all with schizophrenia? We hope that in the
following set of case studies the
detailed descriptions of the psychotherapy processes may
provide some partial answers to these
questions and push further the development of interventions
which assist persons with schizo-
phrenia to achieve and sustain recovery.
Declaration of Conflicting Interests
The authors declared that they had no conflicts of interests with
respect to their authorship or the publica-
tion of this article.
Funding
The authors received no financial support for the research
and/or authorship of this article.
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Bio
Paul H. Lysaker is a clinical psychologist at the Roudebush VA
Medical Center and Associate Professor of
Clinical Psychology at the Indiana University School of
Medicine. His ongoing research concerns the role
of metacognitive deficits in schizophrenia and
psychotherapeutic interventions aimed at improving func-
tion among persons with severe mental illness.
Nursing research is used to study a dilemma or a problem in
nursing. Examine a problem you have seen in nursing. Provide
an overview of the problem and discuss why the problem should
be studied. Provide rational and support for your answer.
Wk 3 Team - Schizophrenia Case Conceptualization and
Treatment Plan Presentation
Assignment Content
Top of Form
Imagine your team has been asked to present to a group of
counseling interns at a psychiatric hospital to teach them about
the intricacies of schizophrenia spectrum disorder.
Create a case scenario for a client with schizophrenia.
Review the Psychotherapy of Schizophrenia: A Brief History
and the Potential to Promote Recovery article, located on this
21. week's Electronic Reserve Readings page.
Create a 12- to 15-slide Microsoft® PowerPoint® presentation
to teach the counseling interns treatment strategies for the client
in your case scenario. Include the following:
· Provide a summary of the client's case scenario.
Sarah is a 12-year-old girl who is currently in middle school.
Her parents came into the office to receive assistance due to
having concerns for the client's behaviors and being unable to
identify what is causing her behaviors. Parents state that the
client hears voices and sees things that are not present. Clients
parents tell the counselor that the client states that she sees her
grandfather and great-grandmother who have passed away years
ago. They also allow the counselor to know that the client will
do different things and tell others that someone told her to do it.
Upon meeting with the client, the client allows the counselor to
know that she does see her grandfather, great-grandmother, and
that voices do tell her to do different things. During the session,
the client would look into the distance at times and she
appeared to be focusing on something else or not paying
attention to what was going on around her. When spoken to, the
client was unable to provide information on what was being
discussed.
· Outline the behavioral symptoms the client is exhibiting. 1
slide with speaker notes
· Describe how the behavioral symptoms of the client fit into
diagnostic criteria for each disorder. 2 slide with speaker notes
· Describe possible assessment instruments that may be used
with each client, and explain why this instrument should be
used.
· Describe therapeutic interventions for treating this client.
· Provide a differential diagnosis for explaining why this client
has schizophrenia spectrum disorder and not another psychotic
disorder.
22. Cite a minimum of three sources.
Format any citations in your presentation consistent with
appropriate course-level APA guidelines.
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