Understanding Culture, Society, and Politic for Senior High School by Atienza, et. al 2016 pages 41-42
My grade 11 UCSP report A.Y. 2016-2017 under Ms. Veluz, Angustia
The document discusses key concepts related to socialization and identity formation. It describes enculturation as the process of learning the values and behaviors of one's culture. Socialization aims to teach impulse control, prepare individuals for social roles, and cultivate shared meanings. George Herbert Mead contributed the idea of the "self" developing through interaction with others and assuming their perspectives. He described stages from imitation to role-taking to developing a "generalized other." Norms guide behavior through socialization while status and roles shape expectations and identity.
There are three main ways that culture is acquired: 1) Imitation, where children imitate things around them as they grow; 2) Indoctrination, through formal teaching or training; 3) Conditioning, where individuals acquire beliefs and behaviors through prevailing social norms. Cultures vary greatly but also resemble each other. Ethnocentrism is the idea that one's own group is superior, while cultural relativity understands beliefs in terms of one's own culture. Subcultures have distinct values and identities from the majority culture and provide a sense of belonging through unique features and signals. Culture shock and cultural lag can occur when adapting to unfamiliar cultures.
This document discusses key concepts related to becoming a member of society. It defines identity as the qualities that make a person unique, which can change based on environment and expectations. Identity is formed through three perspectives: identity theory focuses on roles, social identity theory on group membership, and personal identity theory on individual characteristics. A sense of self includes self-concept, self-esteem, and personality, which is influenced by genetics, socialization, experiences, and whether one feels in internal or external control. Culture socializes individuals through norms and values. Status describes one's social position while roles are expectations for that status. Conformity and deviance are also discussed, along with forms of social control and the importance of upholding human
This document discusses several major political ideologies including liberalism, conservatism, socialism, and others. It defines ideology as "an interrelated set of ideas that in some way guides or inspires political action." Liberalism focuses on individual freedom, equality of opportunity, and a limited government role, while conservatism emphasizes tradition, gradual change, and social order. Socialism promotes collectivism, equality, and opposition to capitalism. The document also examines post-ideological politics, where clear ideological differences are less apparent and single-issue groups are more common.
Cultural relativism holds that beliefs and ethics are relative to the individual's social context, so there are no universal moral truths. Ethnocentrism views one's own culture as superior. The document discusses differences in marriage ages, eye contact norms, and whether practices like female genital mutilation can be condemned despite being culturally accepted in some places. While cultural relativism says not to judge other cultures, some argue practices like FGM pose significant health risks and oppress women.
This document defines key concepts related to states and their features. It explains that a state is a political community that exercises sovereign authority over a defined territory through institutions like government. The four essential elements of a state are sovereignty, government, territory, and people. Sovereignty refers to a state's jurisdiction and independence, while government is the machinery through which the people's will is implemented. States can be classified as effective, weak, or failed based on factors like their control of territory and obedience to laws.
The document discusses key aspects of what defines a human person. It begins by distinguishing between terms like man, human, human being, and person. A person is a human being that possesses certain rights, responsibilities, awareness, self-determination, and can interact with others. The human person is defined as an embodied spirit - having both a physical body and non-physical spirit/soul. As embodied spirits, people are able to experience the world in a unique way through their physical senses and ability to form relationships. Some key traits that define a person are self-awareness, self-determination, ability to interact with others, and having inherent dignity. A person's human nature allows them to transcend physical limits through
The document discusses key concepts related to socialization and identity formation. It describes enculturation as the process of learning the values and behaviors of one's culture. Socialization aims to teach impulse control, prepare individuals for social roles, and cultivate shared meanings. George Herbert Mead contributed the idea of the "self" developing through interaction with others and assuming their perspectives. He described stages from imitation to role-taking to developing a "generalized other." Norms guide behavior through socialization while status and roles shape expectations and identity.
There are three main ways that culture is acquired: 1) Imitation, where children imitate things around them as they grow; 2) Indoctrination, through formal teaching or training; 3) Conditioning, where individuals acquire beliefs and behaviors through prevailing social norms. Cultures vary greatly but also resemble each other. Ethnocentrism is the idea that one's own group is superior, while cultural relativity understands beliefs in terms of one's own culture. Subcultures have distinct values and identities from the majority culture and provide a sense of belonging through unique features and signals. Culture shock and cultural lag can occur when adapting to unfamiliar cultures.
This document discusses key concepts related to becoming a member of society. It defines identity as the qualities that make a person unique, which can change based on environment and expectations. Identity is formed through three perspectives: identity theory focuses on roles, social identity theory on group membership, and personal identity theory on individual characteristics. A sense of self includes self-concept, self-esteem, and personality, which is influenced by genetics, socialization, experiences, and whether one feels in internal or external control. Culture socializes individuals through norms and values. Status describes one's social position while roles are expectations for that status. Conformity and deviance are also discussed, along with forms of social control and the importance of upholding human
This document discusses several major political ideologies including liberalism, conservatism, socialism, and others. It defines ideology as "an interrelated set of ideas that in some way guides or inspires political action." Liberalism focuses on individual freedom, equality of opportunity, and a limited government role, while conservatism emphasizes tradition, gradual change, and social order. Socialism promotes collectivism, equality, and opposition to capitalism. The document also examines post-ideological politics, where clear ideological differences are less apparent and single-issue groups are more common.
Cultural relativism holds that beliefs and ethics are relative to the individual's social context, so there are no universal moral truths. Ethnocentrism views one's own culture as superior. The document discusses differences in marriage ages, eye contact norms, and whether practices like female genital mutilation can be condemned despite being culturally accepted in some places. While cultural relativism says not to judge other cultures, some argue practices like FGM pose significant health risks and oppress women.
This document defines key concepts related to states and their features. It explains that a state is a political community that exercises sovereign authority over a defined territory through institutions like government. The four essential elements of a state are sovereignty, government, territory, and people. Sovereignty refers to a state's jurisdiction and independence, while government is the machinery through which the people's will is implemented. States can be classified as effective, weak, or failed based on factors like their control of territory and obedience to laws.
The document discusses key aspects of what defines a human person. It begins by distinguishing between terms like man, human, human being, and person. A person is a human being that possesses certain rights, responsibilities, awareness, self-determination, and can interact with others. The human person is defined as an embodied spirit - having both a physical body and non-physical spirit/soul. As embodied spirits, people are able to experience the world in a unique way through their physical senses and ability to form relationships. Some key traits that define a person are self-awareness, self-determination, ability to interact with others, and having inherent dignity. A person's human nature allows them to transcend physical limits through
A. Defining Social Sciences as the study of society.
B. Introducing the disciplines within the Social Sciences.
** Disclaimer:
All of the pictures and pieces of information on this site are the property of the respective owners. I do not hold any copyright in regards to these pictures and information. These pictures have been collected from different public sources including various websites, considered to be in the public domain. If anyone has any objection to display of any picture, image or information, it may be brought to my notice by sending an email (contact me) & the disputed media will be removed immediately, after verification of the claim.
This document outlines the components of a claim of value argument. It explains that a claim of value asserts that one thing or idea is better than another in terms of being more or less desirable. It lists five requirements for proving a claim of value: 1) establishing standards of evaluation, 2) noting the priority of the value, 3) establishing the advantage of the standards, 4) using examples to clarify abstract values, and 5) citing credible authorities for support. It provides examples of claim of value topics and common phrases used in these arguments.
Social science is the study of society and human behavior, with the goal of understanding society and improving the human condition. The main social science disciplines are anthropology, economics, geography, history, linguistics, political science, psychology, and sociology. Applied social science uses knowledge from these basic social sciences to understand and address real-world social problems. It includes fields like counseling, social work, and communication that aim to create social change and solve problems in human relationships.
Chapter 1: STARTING POINT FOR THE UNDERSTANDING CULTURE, SOCIETY AND POLITICA...Angelita Montilla
This document provides an overview of culture, society, and political identities. It discusses cultural diversity and the different types of social stratification like caste, class, estate, and slavery. Regarding political identities, it outlines various forms of government around the world such as parliamentary republics, presidential republics, and constitutional monarchies. The significance of studying these topics through social sciences like anthropology, sociology, and political science is also highlighted. Anthropology examines culture and human evolution and development. Sociology studies relationships within society. Political science analyzes political systems and behavior.
This document discusses the concept of culture from sociological perspectives. It provides several definitions of culture, including defining it as the customary ways that groups organize their behaviors, thinking, and feelings. Culture encompasses both tangible aspects like tools and intangible aspects like norms and is shared and transmitted between generations through socialization and language. The major elements of culture discussed are knowledge, social norms like folkways and mores, beliefs, values, and material objects. Culture enables human societies to adapt to their physical and social environments.
The document discusses the key elements that define a modern state: population, territory, government, and sovereignty. It explains that states emerged in Europe between the 12th-17th centuries as feudal systems broke down and were replaced by sovereign states. The 1648 Peace of Westphalia established the principles of modern international relations, including state sovereignty, equality among states, and non-intervention in other states' affairs.
Democratic Practices and Inclusive Excellencesondramilkie
Democratic practices aim to engage diverse perspectives through dialogue, systems thinking, deliberation, and transforming conflict into opportunities for growth. This involves bringing people together to study issues, identify solutions, consider trade-offs, and make decisions through open communication and understanding different viewpoints. The goal is to create more just and inclusive organizations and societies by incorporating informed community members in decision-making processes.
This document outlines several literary and critical approaches to analyzing literature, including:
- Cultural Approach - Considers literature as a reflection of a culture's traditions and views the work in its entire cultural context.
- Formalistic/Literary Approach - Focuses on intrinsic literary elements like structure, language, and themes independent of external factors.
- Moral/Humanistic Approach - Examines how the work presents the nature and essence of humanity.
- Historical Approach - Views the work as both a reflection and product of the time and circumstances in which it was written.
- Additional approaches discussed are Impressionistic, Psychological, Sociological, Biographical Criticism, Feminism Critic
CLIENTELE AND AUDIENCES
Individual and groups of people who receive service from various counseling professions constitute of clientele and audiences.
CHARACTERISTICS
Neurotic- a long term tendency to be in a negative emotional state. (Ex. Sad, guilty, worry, fear, etc.)
Psychotic- are severe mental disorder that makes people lose touch with reality cause by abnormal thinking and hallucination.
Personality Disorder- it involves a long-term pattern of unhealthy and inflexible thoughts and behavior.
NEEDS OF CLIENTELE AND AUDIENCES
Be genuinely engaged in therapeutic claims.
Have an unconditional positive regards for the client.
Feel empathy for the client.
Clearly communicate this attitude.
TYPES OF CLIENTELE AND AUDIENCES
People who abuse drugs
People who use tobacco
People who abuse alcohol
Women
Older adults
People with aids
Victims of abuse
Gay men and lesbian women
THE INDIVIDUAL AS CLIENT OF COUNSELING
Most common type of counseling
Individual needs capacitation
Includes those who need help in managing a life changing situation, personal problem or crisis
THE GROUP AND ORGANIZATION AS CLIENT OF COUNSELING
Consist of between five to eight people
To avoid loneliness and isolation of the client’s problem.
Cost less
Shares experience
THE COMMUNITY AS CLIENT OF COUNSELING
Generally conducted to prevent a problem and assist in setting prevention programs in different communities.
A form of counseling in which different counselors work with families, individuals, couples and also communities in one or the other way.
People are not only taught what is right and wrong but also how they can live their lives happily and peacefully.
This document discusses moral agency and moral development. It defines morality as principles distinguishing right from wrong behavior. Moral agency refers to the ability to make moral judgments and be responsible for actions. The document outlines several theories of moral development, including those proposed by Freud, Kohlberg, and Bandura. It also discusses factors influencing moral development such as family, social, and religious influences. Moral development involves progressing through cognitive, emotional, and behavioral dimensions from childhood through adulthood.
Confucianism is a philosophy that emphasizes ethics and human relationships. It originated from the teachings of the Chinese philosopher Confucius. Some key aspects of Confucianism include focusing on relationships between ruler and subject, father and son, husband and wife. The Confucian classics include the Book of Changes, Book of History, Book of Poetry, Book of Rites, and Spring and Autumn Annals. Confucius lived from 551-479 BCE and taught ethics and morality. Neo-Confucianism incorporated Buddhist and Daoist ideas into Confucian philosophy during the Song Dynasty in China.
This document discusses different philosophical views of the self from various perspectives. It begins by outlining a multi-disciplinary approach to understanding the self through lenses like philosophy, sociology, psychology and spirituality. Some key philosophers discussed include Alan Watts, Socrates, Plato, St. Augustine, Descartes, Locke, Hume, Kant, Freud, and Ryle. Freud's psychoanalytic theory of the id, ego and superego is explained in detail. The document also provides several discussion activities for students to reflect on understanding the self from different situations.
Discipline and ideas in the social science week 1eiram030382
1. The document discusses several social science disciplines including history, anthropology, geography, political science, sociology, demography, and linguistics.
2. Social science is concerned with understanding society and finding solutions to social problems. It studies human behavior and societies.
3. The main social science disciplines covered are history, anthropology, geography, political science, sociology, demography, and linguistics. Each discipline is briefly defined.
The Human Person as an Embodied Spirit: Limitations and TranscendenceAntonio Delgado
The document discusses the human person as an embodied spirit with limitations. It explains that human existence is embodied, and consciousness and embodiment are necessary for subjectivity, emotion, language, thought, and social interaction. It outlines three main limitations of humans as embodied spirits: 1) facticity, which refers to the unchangeable aspects of one's life and circumstances; 2) being spatial-temporal beings with limitations of time and an inability to be in two places at once; and 3) the body acting as an intermediary between our minds and the world in a limiting way.
This document discusses different reading approaches for students including skimming, scanning, and extensive reading. Skimming involves quickly reading a text to identify the main idea, scanning is searching for specific keywords or ideas, and extensive reading involves reading large amounts of material that is not too difficult. These techniques help students improve their reading skills by developing abilities like inferencing, predicting, and cultural understanding from different texts.
Social institutions are established sets of norms and subsystems that support a society's survival. Examples include families, governments, and universities. A social institution performs social functions like satisfying needs, socializing individuals, and coordinating and stabilizing a culture. The family is the most important social institution. It socializes children, transmits culture, and provides affection, security, and social status. Schools also play a key role in socializing children and transmitting knowledge, values, behaviors, and allegiance to the existing social and political order from one generation to the next. Both the family and schools are crucial for stabilizing society.
Chapter 1 the birth and growth of the social sciencesHestia Maria
Here are 3 examples of social phenomena/behaviors and their effects on individuality:
1. Family structure - Coming from a close-knit or dysfunctional family shapes one's relationships and beliefs. It influences how one sees themselves and functions in society.
2. Peer pressure - The need for acceptance and fear of exclusion can motivate risky behaviors or prevent individuals from expressing themselves authentically. It challenges one's independence and self-identity.
3. Social media use - Constant comparison/validation-seeking online can undermine self-esteem and disconnect people from real social interaction. It redefines social norms and challenges concepts of privacy and image control.
In summary, various social/cultural factors deeply impact the development of
This document discusses the major agents of socialization that influence typical human behavior, including family, peer groups, school, the workplace, religion, government, and mass media. These social institutions teach people how to behave, provide models and examples to follow, and are where norms and lessons in conduct are learned, even if one does not always want to behave in the ways they are socialized.
A. Defining Social Sciences as the study of society.
B. Introducing the disciplines within the Social Sciences.
** Disclaimer:
All of the pictures and pieces of information on this site are the property of the respective owners. I do not hold any copyright in regards to these pictures and information. These pictures have been collected from different public sources including various websites, considered to be in the public domain. If anyone has any objection to display of any picture, image or information, it may be brought to my notice by sending an email (contact me) & the disputed media will be removed immediately, after verification of the claim.
This document outlines the components of a claim of value argument. It explains that a claim of value asserts that one thing or idea is better than another in terms of being more or less desirable. It lists five requirements for proving a claim of value: 1) establishing standards of evaluation, 2) noting the priority of the value, 3) establishing the advantage of the standards, 4) using examples to clarify abstract values, and 5) citing credible authorities for support. It provides examples of claim of value topics and common phrases used in these arguments.
Social science is the study of society and human behavior, with the goal of understanding society and improving the human condition. The main social science disciplines are anthropology, economics, geography, history, linguistics, political science, psychology, and sociology. Applied social science uses knowledge from these basic social sciences to understand and address real-world social problems. It includes fields like counseling, social work, and communication that aim to create social change and solve problems in human relationships.
Chapter 1: STARTING POINT FOR THE UNDERSTANDING CULTURE, SOCIETY AND POLITICA...Angelita Montilla
This document provides an overview of culture, society, and political identities. It discusses cultural diversity and the different types of social stratification like caste, class, estate, and slavery. Regarding political identities, it outlines various forms of government around the world such as parliamentary republics, presidential republics, and constitutional monarchies. The significance of studying these topics through social sciences like anthropology, sociology, and political science is also highlighted. Anthropology examines culture and human evolution and development. Sociology studies relationships within society. Political science analyzes political systems and behavior.
This document discusses the concept of culture from sociological perspectives. It provides several definitions of culture, including defining it as the customary ways that groups organize their behaviors, thinking, and feelings. Culture encompasses both tangible aspects like tools and intangible aspects like norms and is shared and transmitted between generations through socialization and language. The major elements of culture discussed are knowledge, social norms like folkways and mores, beliefs, values, and material objects. Culture enables human societies to adapt to their physical and social environments.
The document discusses the key elements that define a modern state: population, territory, government, and sovereignty. It explains that states emerged in Europe between the 12th-17th centuries as feudal systems broke down and were replaced by sovereign states. The 1648 Peace of Westphalia established the principles of modern international relations, including state sovereignty, equality among states, and non-intervention in other states' affairs.
Democratic Practices and Inclusive Excellencesondramilkie
Democratic practices aim to engage diverse perspectives through dialogue, systems thinking, deliberation, and transforming conflict into opportunities for growth. This involves bringing people together to study issues, identify solutions, consider trade-offs, and make decisions through open communication and understanding different viewpoints. The goal is to create more just and inclusive organizations and societies by incorporating informed community members in decision-making processes.
This document outlines several literary and critical approaches to analyzing literature, including:
- Cultural Approach - Considers literature as a reflection of a culture's traditions and views the work in its entire cultural context.
- Formalistic/Literary Approach - Focuses on intrinsic literary elements like structure, language, and themes independent of external factors.
- Moral/Humanistic Approach - Examines how the work presents the nature and essence of humanity.
- Historical Approach - Views the work as both a reflection and product of the time and circumstances in which it was written.
- Additional approaches discussed are Impressionistic, Psychological, Sociological, Biographical Criticism, Feminism Critic
CLIENTELE AND AUDIENCES
Individual and groups of people who receive service from various counseling professions constitute of clientele and audiences.
CHARACTERISTICS
Neurotic- a long term tendency to be in a negative emotional state. (Ex. Sad, guilty, worry, fear, etc.)
Psychotic- are severe mental disorder that makes people lose touch with reality cause by abnormal thinking and hallucination.
Personality Disorder- it involves a long-term pattern of unhealthy and inflexible thoughts and behavior.
NEEDS OF CLIENTELE AND AUDIENCES
Be genuinely engaged in therapeutic claims.
Have an unconditional positive regards for the client.
Feel empathy for the client.
Clearly communicate this attitude.
TYPES OF CLIENTELE AND AUDIENCES
People who abuse drugs
People who use tobacco
People who abuse alcohol
Women
Older adults
People with aids
Victims of abuse
Gay men and lesbian women
THE INDIVIDUAL AS CLIENT OF COUNSELING
Most common type of counseling
Individual needs capacitation
Includes those who need help in managing a life changing situation, personal problem or crisis
THE GROUP AND ORGANIZATION AS CLIENT OF COUNSELING
Consist of between five to eight people
To avoid loneliness and isolation of the client’s problem.
Cost less
Shares experience
THE COMMUNITY AS CLIENT OF COUNSELING
Generally conducted to prevent a problem and assist in setting prevention programs in different communities.
A form of counseling in which different counselors work with families, individuals, couples and also communities in one or the other way.
People are not only taught what is right and wrong but also how they can live their lives happily and peacefully.
This document discusses moral agency and moral development. It defines morality as principles distinguishing right from wrong behavior. Moral agency refers to the ability to make moral judgments and be responsible for actions. The document outlines several theories of moral development, including those proposed by Freud, Kohlberg, and Bandura. It also discusses factors influencing moral development such as family, social, and religious influences. Moral development involves progressing through cognitive, emotional, and behavioral dimensions from childhood through adulthood.
Confucianism is a philosophy that emphasizes ethics and human relationships. It originated from the teachings of the Chinese philosopher Confucius. Some key aspects of Confucianism include focusing on relationships between ruler and subject, father and son, husband and wife. The Confucian classics include the Book of Changes, Book of History, Book of Poetry, Book of Rites, and Spring and Autumn Annals. Confucius lived from 551-479 BCE and taught ethics and morality. Neo-Confucianism incorporated Buddhist and Daoist ideas into Confucian philosophy during the Song Dynasty in China.
This document discusses different philosophical views of the self from various perspectives. It begins by outlining a multi-disciplinary approach to understanding the self through lenses like philosophy, sociology, psychology and spirituality. Some key philosophers discussed include Alan Watts, Socrates, Plato, St. Augustine, Descartes, Locke, Hume, Kant, Freud, and Ryle. Freud's psychoanalytic theory of the id, ego and superego is explained in detail. The document also provides several discussion activities for students to reflect on understanding the self from different situations.
Discipline and ideas in the social science week 1eiram030382
1. The document discusses several social science disciplines including history, anthropology, geography, political science, sociology, demography, and linguistics.
2. Social science is concerned with understanding society and finding solutions to social problems. It studies human behavior and societies.
3. The main social science disciplines covered are history, anthropology, geography, political science, sociology, demography, and linguistics. Each discipline is briefly defined.
The Human Person as an Embodied Spirit: Limitations and TranscendenceAntonio Delgado
The document discusses the human person as an embodied spirit with limitations. It explains that human existence is embodied, and consciousness and embodiment are necessary for subjectivity, emotion, language, thought, and social interaction. It outlines three main limitations of humans as embodied spirits: 1) facticity, which refers to the unchangeable aspects of one's life and circumstances; 2) being spatial-temporal beings with limitations of time and an inability to be in two places at once; and 3) the body acting as an intermediary between our minds and the world in a limiting way.
This document discusses different reading approaches for students including skimming, scanning, and extensive reading. Skimming involves quickly reading a text to identify the main idea, scanning is searching for specific keywords or ideas, and extensive reading involves reading large amounts of material that is not too difficult. These techniques help students improve their reading skills by developing abilities like inferencing, predicting, and cultural understanding from different texts.
Social institutions are established sets of norms and subsystems that support a society's survival. Examples include families, governments, and universities. A social institution performs social functions like satisfying needs, socializing individuals, and coordinating and stabilizing a culture. The family is the most important social institution. It socializes children, transmits culture, and provides affection, security, and social status. Schools also play a key role in socializing children and transmitting knowledge, values, behaviors, and allegiance to the existing social and political order from one generation to the next. Both the family and schools are crucial for stabilizing society.
Chapter 1 the birth and growth of the social sciencesHestia Maria
Here are 3 examples of social phenomena/behaviors and their effects on individuality:
1. Family structure - Coming from a close-knit or dysfunctional family shapes one's relationships and beliefs. It influences how one sees themselves and functions in society.
2. Peer pressure - The need for acceptance and fear of exclusion can motivate risky behaviors or prevent individuals from expressing themselves authentically. It challenges one's independence and self-identity.
3. Social media use - Constant comparison/validation-seeking online can undermine self-esteem and disconnect people from real social interaction. It redefines social norms and challenges concepts of privacy and image control.
In summary, various social/cultural factors deeply impact the development of
This document discusses the major agents of socialization that influence typical human behavior, including family, peer groups, school, the workplace, religion, government, and mass media. These social institutions teach people how to behave, provide models and examples to follow, and are where norms and lessons in conduct are learned, even if one does not always want to behave in the ways they are socialized.
A person with a multiple identity may have different cultural outlooks, values, and beliefs due to their family having ancestry from different countries. They can have both local identities through involvement in their community as well as national identities through engagement in the political process and having a voice in governance. A global identity can also develop from traveling, visiting other places, and having family members from abroad.
The document discusses multiple identities and shared identities. Having a multiple identity means a person has different parts to their personality depending on who they are interacting with, including different accents, ages, genders, beliefs, values, and slang. People can also have local, national, and global identities depending on where they grew up and their family and cultural backgrounds. A shared identity is one that connects people, such as a national identity of speaking the same language or having the same passport.
This document discusses several key social institutions including the family, education, religion, economics, and government. It provides definitions and descriptions of each institution, their functions in society, and how they help socialize individuals and maintain social order. The family is described as the basic social unit responsible for reproduction and socializing children. Education transmits culture and skills while socializing students for their roles. Religion provides meaning and social cohesion through shared beliefs and rituals. Economics and government organize production and distribution of resources and resolve conflicts. These institutions simplify social behavior and roles to coordinate and stabilize society.
Definition of Education and the school functions including the four purpose of schooling, the multiple school function, the difference between manifest and latent functions of education, the six major manifest function of education, the latent functions of school and their example including religion
This document lists several key agencies of socialization including family, mass media, church, peer group, school, and workplace. It also mentions that socialization can differ by gender. These socialization agents influence and teach people norms, values, and behaviors appropriate for their culture and society.
This are the multiple, manifest and latent Functions of Schools. (Social Dimension)
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The document discusses the various functions that schools serve from different perspectives at the individual, societal, and group levels. At the societal level, schools socialize youth, select students for roles, transmit culture, provide credentials, promote political integration, conduct research, and serve custodial functions. Theoretical views like interactionist, functionalist, conflict, and critical perspectives are described for each societal function. Schools also have manifest functions like instruction and latent functions like developing youth culture.
Family, neighborhood, religion, day care, school, peer groups, sports, and the workplace are the main agents of socialization that influence people's behaviors, attitudes, and self-concept from a young age. Later in life, resocialization may occur when taking on new roles or environments that require learning new norms, such as entering a total institution like the military, prison, or religious orders that aim to replace a person's former identity.
Religion has historically played a large role in influencing politics and policymaking in the United States. While the country's founders advocated for separation of church and state, religion continues to impact government due to most citizens adhering to religious beliefs and deriving morality from faith. However, non-religious groups are growing and politicians should represent all constituents equally regardless of religious views. Maintaining separation while allowing religious groups a voice requires balance to respect both religious freedom and equality under the law.
The document discusses the history and activities of the Christian Coalition of America, a prominent Christian advocacy group in the US. It was founded in 1987 by Pat Robertson to mobilize conservative Christian voters. Under Robertson and Ralph Reed, the Coalition grew rapidly and aimed to support conservative Christian presidential candidates. However, its tax-exempt status was revoked in 1999 due to its partisan political activities including biased voter guides. While once influential, membership in the Coalition has declined significantly in recent years.
This document discusses several topics related to religion from a sociological perspective. It begins by outlining Troeltsch's typology of religious organizations as ecclesia, church, sect, and cult. It then discusses trends in religion in the United States, noting the diversity of denominations and the civil religious aspects. The document also examines different perspectives on the relationship between religion and society, and debates whether religion serves to unite or divide societies.
At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:
1. identify the moral challenges of globalization
2. compare responses to shared moral dilemmas of baby boomers and millennials
3. state qualities of the filinnials
4. construct a plan for the coping with the challenges of globalization .
This document discusses the importance of defending religious liberty and outlines potential risks if religious freedom is lost. It encourages readers to get involved in protecting religious freedom through various means, such as studying issues, speaking up respectfully, voting, volunteering, and praying. The document argues that people of all faiths and none benefit from protecting religious liberty.
Dr. Frank Kaufmann, the President of the Twelve Gates Foundation and Settlement Project, speaks on religious freedom at The Voice of the Voiceless, hosted by the Universal Peace Federation.
The document discusses sociological perspectives on religion and education. It covers Durkheim's view of religion as a social phenomenon, describes major world religions, and examines the role and functions of religion in society. It also analyzes sociological views of education from functionalist, conflict, and interactionist perspectives and discusses religious issues in schools such as prayer and creationism.
This is the letter that was sent by pastors asking President Obama to make a religious exception in the law concerning the hiring of LGBT individuals by religious organizations. Under current plans, President Obama would require religious organizations to hire members of the LGBT community in order to compete for dollars which have traditionally been delivered to religious organizations to help them serve the community and public. Will Obama respond favorably? Or will he simply impose his views without regard to closely held religious practices? We will see.
Sociologists define religion in three main ways - substantive, functional, and social constructionist. Substantive definitions focus on religious beliefs like belief in God or the supernatural. Functional definitions see religion as serving social or psychological functions. Social constructionist definitions say religion cannot be universally defined and definitions are contested and influenced by those in power. Durkheim saw religion as reinforcing social solidarity through rituals and collective worship. Malinowski and Parsons argued religion helps individuals cope with stress and finds meaning. Bellah's concept of civil religion described religion uniting American society through rituals like pledging allegiance. Lenin and Marx viewed religion as a tool for ruling classes to control populations by masking exploitation.
This document is a questionnaire from The Tandem Project, a UN NGO, about human rights and freedom of religion or belief. It asks the respondent to identify their religious beliefs or lack thereof according to UN categories. It then asks a series of questions about the respondent's understanding of the ultimate meaning of life, how they live according to that meaning through ethics and morality, and how intolerance and discrimination based on religion or belief can be addressed. The goal is respectful dialogue on human rights and resolving conflicts related to religion or belief.
The document discusses various social institutions and groups. It defines institutions as systems of norms that govern behavior to achieve important goals or activities. It outlines key institutions like family, religion, political and legal systems, and education. It describes different family types, marriage customs, and religious beliefs. It also defines primary, secondary, and reference groups and how they differ. Minority groups are discussed as subordinate groups with unequal treatment based on attributes.
This document discusses various social institutions and groups. It defines institutions as systems of norms that govern social behavior and groups. It outlines the key differences between primary, secondary, and reference groups. The document also describes different types of social institutions like family, religion, political systems, education and legal systems. It provides examples of different family types, marriage customs, and religious and political systems.
- Religion is defined as a set of beliefs in supernatural forces that help people make sense of the world and solve problems.
- All societies have some form of religion which typically includes rituals, beliefs about the soul and life after death.
- Religions can range from individualistic cults with no specialists to ecclesiastical cults with full-time priests in more complex societies.
This document discusses political socialization and ideology. It defines key terms like politics, government, and institutions. It then examines the major sources of political views, including social factors like family, religion, education, gender, as well as biological factors like genetics. It explores how these shape people's ideological beliefs, looking specifically at liberalism, conservatism, libertarianism, and populism in the US context. It also analyzes how social cleavages like class, region and age can influence political opinions.
8.4 Social Control The Imposition of OrderAll societies have a .docxevonnehoggarth79783
8.4 Social Control: The Imposition of Order
All societies have a variety of mechanisms by which the social behavior of people is controlled to maintain order or to re-establish order once rules have been broken. Social efforts to create orderly behavior begin at birth and continue throughout life. Some mechanisms for bringing about and maintaining conformity with acceptable behavior include early teaching of accepted customs and instilling values that motivate people to conform. Other mechanisms are punishments for rule violations and rewards for conformity. Malinowski (1926) pointed out that rules may be obeyed for a number of reasons: They may be followed because violating them brings public ridicule; because playing by the rules brings more rewarding interaction with others; because they are sacred, and supernatural punishment will result from breaking them; or because they are matters of law enforced by the machinery of society. They may also be self-enforcing due to their practical utility.
Socialization
The basic way we learn to fit into a social order is through our childhood socialization or enculturation (see Chapter 2). We learn about our culture, and we come to see the common expectations that others have about our behavior. Those habits learned early in life set the pattern for later relationships outside our home and community. Effective socialization can head off problems by establishing patterns of behavior that others find acceptable.
Part of enculturation is learning to feel that some ways of behaving are better than others. As explained in Chapter 2, values are part of the feeling subsystem of a culture and may be defined as our attitudes or feelings about right and wrong behavior. This broad category may then be divided into various types such as moral, spiritual, or environmental values. Moral values are the attitudes or rules that govern our relationships with our fellow human beings. Piety or spiritual values define our relationship to the supernatural and may be reflected in the following of specific religious rules of behavior such as the Jewish kosher laws, rules against blasphemy, or rules about working on a sacred day. Environmental values deal with our relationship to our physical environment so that concerns would include pollution and the protection of endangered species. Although morality and environmental values may be understood in purely practical terms, such as the need for an orderly social life or an awareness that needed resources are limited, people may accept them because they are supported by religious teaching or simply because they are traditional. Note, for instance, that the Judeo-Christian Ten Commandments begin with rules of piety such as "Thou shalt have no other gods before me" but also include moral rules such as "Thou shalt not steal."
Religion and Social Control
In fact, another major force for the maintenance of social order is religion. The rites of passage that symbolize stages in the lif.
PLEASE READ THIS CAREFULLY! DO NOT ASSUME; READ IT. Final Examinvelmakostizy
PLEASE READ THIS CAREFULLY! DO NOT ASSUME; READ IT.
Final Examination Project for Spring Semester, 2018
Your assignment is to review the reading and writing we have done this semester and to answer two basic questions.
1. As you look around the world today, which trends in world religion might lead toward the abuse of human rights?
2. As you look around the world today, which trends in world religion might lead toward greater respect for and improvement of universal human rights?
Another way of framing the question is to ask in world religion:
1. Who is abusing people’s human rights?
2. Who is working to stop these abuses?
Yet another way of framing the question is to ask:
1. How has religion been used in the past to abuse people’s human rights?
2. How should religion be used to improve human rights in the future?
You have a lot of flexibility in how you compose this final essay. What I am looking for is your ability to take what you have learned this semester and put it into words. I want you to tell me how and why religion gets used to limit the rights people should have, and how and why religion gets used to help people to enjoy better basic human rights.
This should take the form of a clear, well developed essay using proper rules for quotation and citation. Length should be between two and four pages double spaced.
To help compose this assignment, you should read the following text which was circulated earlier in the semester.
Supernatural vs. Natural Ways of Thinking
(See Chapter 1 in your Book)
The two key concepts we will discuss here are Rationalism and Supernaturalism. First though, let’s review a little bit of what we said earlier about the connection between religion and culture. We want to keep this connection in mind the whole time we study world religions.
Each religion has physical/cultural exterior and a metaphysical/spiritual interior. If you visit a church, mosque, synagogue or temple, you will find that most of the people spend most of their time and effort dealing with the physical/cultural exterior, or the surface of whatever is going on. There will always be some people who will wish to explore and experience their religion on a deeper level. These are the folks who will participate in more of the special events that are held. These are the people who are looking to grow in faith and to delve deeper into the spiritual interior of their beliefs. Often these are the people who wish to challenge the status quo and to reach out to people who would be traditionally excluded from their culture group. One of the funny things about organized religion is that the spiritual interior of the faith often teaches us to let go of our attachments to the cultural exterior. This is why prophets are seldom welcome among their own people. (See Mark 6:4) Prophets call people to let go of their attachments to the cultural status quo and so they usually get in trouble with the authoritie ...
The document discusses several key concepts related to government and politics. It defines central government as the authority that governs a country through democratic elections and a division of powers. It also discusses political parties that participate in elections, civil liberties that protect individuals, and the role of the Catholic Church in religion. Executive powers and public power refer to the authority to enact and enforce rules within a government system.
The document discusses several key concepts related to government and politics. It defines central government as the authority that governs a country through democratic elections and a division of powers. It also discusses political parties that participate in elections, civil liberties that protect individuals, and the role of the Catholic Church in religion. Executive powers and public power refer to the authority to enact and enforce rules within a government system.
Similar to Religion and State as Agents of Socialization and Enculturation (20)
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Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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Religion and State as Agents of Socialization and Enculturation
1.
2. Hi my name is Maganda and
I’m a Senior High School student
taking up ABM just like you!
Today, we’ll discuss how religion and state can
be participants or also known as agents of
socialization and enculturation
3. Derived from the Latin word religare
noun
the belief in and worship of a superhuman controlling
power, especially a personal God or gods.
synonyms: faith, belief, worship, creed
a particular system of
faith and worship
a pursuit or interest to which
someone ascribes supreme
importance.
Let’s define
religion first!
4. noun
a nation or territory considered as an organized political
community under one government.
synonyms: country, nation, land, sovereign state, nation state,
kingdom, realm, power, republic, confederation, federation
What is state?
6. noun
the power or right to give
orders, make decisions, and enforce
obedience.
synonyms: power, jurisdiction, command,
control, charge, dominance, rule, sovereignty, supremacy
Do you know that the word
authority is derived from the Latin word
Auctoritas which refers to the general level of
prestige a person had in Roman society?
15. Religion provides to society.
The strength of the family unit is intertwined with the practice of religion. Churchgoers are
more likely to be married, less likely to be divorced or single, and more likely to manifest high
levels of satisfaction in marriage.
The regular practice of religion helps poor persons move out of poverty. Regular church
attendance, for example, is particularly instrumental in helping young people to escape the
poverty of inner-city life.
Religious belief and practice contribute substantially to the formation of personal moral
criteria and sound moral judgment.
Regular religious practice generally inoculates individuals against a host of social problems,
including suicide, drug abuse, out-of-wedlock births, crime, and divorce.
The regular practice of religion also encourages such beneficial effects on mental health as
less depression (a modern epidemic), more self-esteem, and greater family and marital
happiness.
In repairing damage caused by alcoholism, drug addiction, and marital breakdown, religious
belief and practice are a major source of strength and recovery.
Regular practice of religion is good for personal physical health: It increases longevity,
improves one's chances of recovery from illness, and lessens the incidence of many killer
diseases.
-Bill Clinton
http://www.heritage.org/research/reports/1996/01/bg1064nbsp-why-religion-matter
16. You already know the
role of religion as a
participant. Do you
want to know the
state’s role as well?
17. Through laws:
It reinforces and
through the
use of rewards and sanctions
It upholds important concepts such
as
18. The State reinforces and regulates
appropriate behavior through the use of
rewards and sanctions.
23. The State upholds important concepts such as rights and responsibilities.
24.
25.
26.
27. While the state has an overwhelming influence
over the lives of its citizens, society, on the other
hand also defines certain aspects of the state.
Laws are defined and influenced
by the values and attitudes of citizens.
Citizens work together to enforce
laws and other regulations in society.
28. a phrase first used by Thomas Jefferson expressing an
understanding of the intent and *function which reads:
*The Establishment Clause and Free Exercise Clause of First Amendment to the Constitution of the United States