The document discusses reliability studies on composite columns using the reliability index approach. It conducts a reliability analysis of concrete-filled steel tubular (CFT) columns using the first-order second moment (FOSM) method to understand the impact of random variables. The reliability index and probability of failure are calculated for longer columns (L/D > 12) and shorter columns (L/D < 12) using the FOSM method. Results are presented in tables showing the reliability index values for various column dimensions classified as longer columns.