Language, Culture and Society
Social dialects
Social variation
Regional variation
Group members
Nik Nur Amalia Bt Wan Anuar Shaipu'din
Alia Atikah Bt Jaafar
Nur Ain Batrisyia Bt Mohd Zaini
Language, Culture and Society
Social dialects
Social variation
Regional variation
Group members
Nik Nur Amalia Bt Wan Anuar Shaipu'din
Alia Atikah Bt Jaafar
Nur Ain Batrisyia Bt Mohd Zaini
The results of our group discussion on sociolinguistics. We take this material from several book references. We uploaded this presentation with the aim that we can learn together especially sociolinguistics. We hope that readers can understand the contents of the material. There are many mistakes please forgive us. Thank you.
The results of our group discussion on sociolinguistics. We take this material from several book references. We uploaded this presentation with the aim that we can learn together especially sociolinguistics. We hope that readers can understand the contents of the material. There are many mistakes please forgive us. Thank you.
"In general, usage labels provide specific information about the domain of application of the definition. In the more abstract sense ..., a usage label is to be taken as a higher-level instruction, as a meta-linguistic device. This means that it cannot be equated with a definition itself: it restricts the definition to a certain context. The definition of a word given by a dictionary entry is intended for a group of users belonging to those who speak or want to speak the standard form of the language of the dictionary in question.
Types of Speech Style English Grade 9 Oral Communicationcrvponce
refers to the distinctive way of communicating. It consists of a particular pattern of linguistic, vocal, and nonverbal behaviors. Speech style refers primarily to the manner one communicates than the meaning of communication. -credits to owner
Speech Styles- refers to the distinctive way of communicating. It consists of a particular pattern of linguistic, vocal, and nonverbal behaviors. Speech style refers primarily to the manner one communicates than the meaning of communication.
ctto: Canva
This document gives detail about very basics of the sentence. It tells about letter, alphabet, word and sentence. It gives a brief detail about the different types of sentence.
This file deals with the basic concepts regarding infinitives, its types and usage of infinitives in different situations. This file discusses the basic definition of infinitives briefly. It deals with the identification of infinitives. "Full infinitive", "Bare infinitive" and "Anaphoric to" are the basic types that are discussed in this presentation.
I am a lecturer in English at Khawaja Fared Govt. College Rahim Yar Khan. Here is my humble effort to discuss How to choose variety or code in multilingual society.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
6. Register
• Register is the linguistic features
which are typically associated with a
configuration of situational features.
M. A. K. Halliday
7. Register
• A register is a variety of language used for a
particular purpose or in a particular
communicative situation.
Wikipedia.
8. Register
• A register can also reflect the specific style
of language one uses. For example, one
could speak or write in a business register,
a scientific register, a legal-law register, or
an academic register.
10. Formal Register
• Formal registers can
include everything from
an academic essay to
wedding vows.
11. Formal Register
• The academic essay is
formal because it includes
polished speech, complex
sentences, and precise
vocabulary.
12. Formal Register
• The wedding vows are an
example of extremely
formal language that must
be said the same way each
time as part of a ritual.
13. Informal Register
• Informal language occurs between
people who know each other well
and who speak without trying to be
'proper'. Sometimes this includes
speaking in slang and other times it's
simply a more casual delivery.
14. Informal Register
To a waiter at a fancy
restaurant.
'Could you bring us more
coffee, please?'
15. Informal Register
At your hangout with friend.
'Can I get a little more coffee
here?‘
when you've reached the
bottom of your cup
16. Difference B/w Style & Register
Register
• It is associated with a specific
speech situation.
• Register often refers to the
specific vocabulary chosen and
expected in connection with a
particular speech situation.
Style
• It is associated with a specific
speech situation.
• Style also includes grammatical
and vocabulary variations.
17. Difference B/w Style & Register
Register
• A register is a linguistic variety
regarded as appropriate to use in
a particular speech situation.
Register is usually associated with
a particular speech situation
(Kortmann)
Style
• The term ‘style’ is also
occasionally used to refer to
situational variation. However, it
includes variation in grammatical
structures, too.
(Kortmann)
19. Jargon
Jargon refers to the specialized language of
a professional or occupational group.
E.g. lawyers use legalese, while academics
use academese.
20. Jargon
• Jargon is the complex language
used by experts in a certain
discipline or field. This language
often helps experts communicate
with clarity and precision.
21. Jargon
• Jargon is the specialized terminology associated with
a particular field or area of activity. Jargon is
normally employed in a particular communicative
context and may not be well understood outside that
context.
22. Example of Jargon
“Metabolic Syndrome”
A group of risk factors that increase the
likelihood of heart attack and stroke.
26. Difference B/w Jargon & Register
Register
• Register" refers to the level of
formality of the speech. In a
casual conversation with friends,
you will likely use more
colloquialisms, contractions, and
incomplete sentences than you
would talking to, for example, a
judge in court. The first is an
informal register, the second a
very formal one.
Jargon
• Jargon" refers to the specific lexicon
used in a profession or other
community of practice. That is,
words that outsiders wouldn't
understand, or who would use
differently--sailors, for example, talk
about "port" and "starboard"
instead of left and right. Those
terms are not used outside of a
maritime context.
27. Difference B/w Jargon & Register
Register
• Register has to do with the style
of one's language. It is formal as
opposed to informal, serious as
opposed to easygoing, friendly
and familiar as opposed to more
respectful and distant.
Jargon
• Jargon is language that is specific
to a particular profession or a
particular group of people who
share a common interest.
Oftentimes, though not always,
only people from these
professions or groups know the
meaning of their own jargon.
29. SLANG
• Slang is very informal language that is
usually spoken rather than written,
used especially by particular groups of
people.
"Chicken" is slang for someone who isn't
very brave.
30. SLANG
• Slang is vocabulary that is used between people who belong
to the same social group and who know each other well. Slang
is very informal language. It can offend people if it is used
about other people or outside a group of people who do not
know each other well. Slang normally refers to particular
words and meanings but can include longer expressions and
idioms.
E.g. The slang term “hang loose” refers to giving someone the
advice to calm down and relax.
31. Example of Slang
The term “lit” refers to something that is amazing.
• Did you see her new car? It was lit.
32. Example of Slang
The phrase “on fleek” refers to something that has
reached perfection.
• My hair was on fleek this morning.
33. Example of Slang
• The term “crib” refers to someone’s living quarters
such as a home or apartment.
• Hey, you want to spend time with my friends and me
at my crib?
34. Difference B/w Jargon & Slang
Jargon
• Jargon is a professional
vocabulary that only jobholders
use.
• Jargon words are particular words
that are used in a specific
profession.
• Jargon words are uncountable
scientific terms.
Slang
• Slang is a funny language that
people use socially.
• Slang words are not specific; they
are used as funny words.
• Slang words are non- specific social
life words.
35. Difference B/w Jargon & Slang
Jargon
• Jargon is a terminology that is
comprised of specialized words
belonging to a particular trade or
profession and hard to
understand for an outsider.
• E.g. The words used by doctors
such as oncology for the study of
cancer are not understood by
common people.
Slang
• Slang is words that are commonly
used by people and accepted as a
part of the culture but not
considered fit enough or rather
those are improper to be used in
formal writing.
• E.g. Epic: If somewhat was "epic," it
was highly enjoyable.
"His latest novel was epic."
36. Difference B/w Jargon & Slang
Jargon
• Jargon is found in the speech of
the specialists.
• Jargon is a bunch of specialized
vocabulary that a group of people
have developed for use with a
specific topic. For example-
"port", "starboard", "bow",
"stern" are all examples of sailing
jargon.
Slang
• Slang is found in street language.
• Slang are words that most people
think of as "informal", or even rude
if used in polite company. They are
usually newer words that people
make up. For example: "kickass" =
slang for "amazing, cool".