Guidelines on the rules associated with Reference List citations using APA 6th Edition

1. Understanding and Avoiding
Plagiarism
APA Rules of Citation

2.  Rules and formats of reference list citations
APA Rules of Citation:
This lesson includes the following topic areas:
Understanding and Avoiding
Plagiarism

3. Understanding and Avoiding Plagiarism
Reference List citations:
 Identifies sources used within the narrative
 Provides accurate and complete information about the source:
 Author(s)
 Year of publication
 Title
 Publishing data
 Digital Object Identifier (DOI) [if no DOI is available, and
retrieved online include URL using: Retrieved from: URL]
 Uses different formats based on type of publication
APA Rules of Citation:

4. Understanding and Avoiding Plagiarism
Rules for Reference List citations:
 Sources are listed in alphabetical order by the surname of
the first author
 Sources by the same author are listed by year of publication,
with the earliest listed first.
 Sources by the same author with the same publication year
are listed alphabetically by the title, and designated with an
alphabetical extension to the date
 Sources by authors with the same surname are listed
alphabetically by the first initial
 No first names are used in the citations – initials only
 Sources are formatted using hanging indents (.5 inches)
APA Rules of Citation:

5. Understanding and Avoiding Plagiarism
Reference List citations: PERIODICALS
A Reference List citation for periodicals generally includes the
following elements:
 Author (followed by a period)
 Date of publication (in parentheses, followed by a period)
 Title of article (capitalize first word of title, first word after
punctuation, and proper names or nouns, followed by a period)
 Periodical name (in italics, followed by a comma)
 Volume number (in italics)
 Issue number (in parentheses, not italic, followed by a comma)
 Page numbers (hyphenated, followed by a period)
 DOI (if available, include all alphanumeric information)
McLaughlin, L. (2003). Online fraud gets sophisticated. IEEE Internet
Computing, 7 (5), 6-8. doi:10.1109/MIC.2003.1232512
APA Rules of Citation:

6. Understanding and Avoiding Plagiarism
Reference List citations: BOOKS
A Reference List citation for books generally includes the following
elements:
 Author (followed by a period)
 Date of publication (in parentheses, followed by a period)
 Title (in italics, capitalize first word of title, first word after
punctuation, and proper names or nouns, followed by a period)
 Edition (in parentheses, not italic, before period for title)
 Publication location (followed by a colon)
 Publisher name (followed by a period)
 DOI (if available)
Winkler, A.C., & McCuen, J.R. (2003). Writing the research paper: A
handbook (6th ed.). Boston, MA: Thomson/Heinle.
APA Rules of Citation:

7. Understanding and Avoiding Plagiarism
Reference List citations: Journal Articles
Articles by one author:
Articles by one author, multiple publications in same year:
McLaughlin, L. (2003). Online fraud gets sophisticated. IEEE Internet
Computing, 7(5), 6-8. doi:10.1109/MIC.2003.1232512
McLaughlin, L. (2005a). From AWK to Google: Peter Weinberger talks search.
IEEE Security and Privacy, 3(5), 11-13. doi: 10.1109/MSP.2005.123
McLaughlin, L. (2005b). Winning the game of risk: Neumann’s take on sound
design. IEEE Security and Privacy, 3(6), 9-12. doi: 10.1109/MSP.2005.164
APA Rules of Citation:

8. Understanding and Avoiding Plagiarism
Reference List citations: Journal Articles
Articles by different authors with same surname listed
alphabetically by first initials:
Articles by two authors:
Ryan, D.J. (2003). Two views on security software liability: Let the legal system
decide. IEEE Security and Privacy, 1(1), 70-72.
doi:10.1109/MSECP.2003.1176999
Ryan, J.J.C.H. (2004). Information security tools and practices: What works?.
IEEE Transactions on Computers, 53(8), 1060-1063.
doi:10.1109/TC.2004.45
Millett, L.I., & Holden, S.H. (2003). Authentication and its privacy effects. IEEE
Internet Computing, 7(6), 54-58. doi:10.1109/MIC.2003.1250584
APA Rules of Citation:

9. Understanding and Avoiding Plagiarism
Articles by three to six authors list all names:
Articles by more than six authors list first six names followed
by et al.:
Guida, R., Stahl, R., Bunt, T., Secrest, G., & Moorcones, J. (2004). Deploying
and using public key technology: Lessons learned in real life. IEEE
Security and Privacy, 2(4), 67-71. doi:10.1109/MSP.2004.41
Winslett, M., Yu, T., Seamons, K.E., Hess, A., Jacobson, J., Jarvis, J., et al.
(2002). Negotiating trust on the Web. IEEE Internet Computing, 6(6), 30-
37. doi:10.1109/MIC.2002.1067734
APA Rules of Citation:
Reference List citations: Journal Articles

10. Understanding and Avoiding Plagiarism
Source Materials
Sources on Plagiarism and APA Citation Rules:
Aaron, J.E. (2004). The little, brown compact handbook (5th ed.). New York:
Pearson-Longman.
American Psychological Association. (2001). Publication manual of the American
Psychological Association (5th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.
Clines, R.H., & Cobb, E.R. (2006). Research writing simplified: A documentation
guide (5th ed.). New York: Pearson-Longman.
Winkler, A.C., & McCuen, J.R. (2003). Writing the research paper: A handbook
(6th ed.). Boston, MA: Thomson/Heinle.

11. Understanding and Avoiding Plagiarism
Source Materials
Sources for Examples:
Guida,R., Stahl, R., Bun, T., Secrest, G., & Moorcones, J. (2004). Deploying and using Public key
technology: Lessons learned in real life. IEEE Security and Privacy, 2(4), 67-71.
doi:10.1109/MSP.2004.41
McLaughlin, L. (2003). Online fraud gets sophisticated. IEEE Internet Computing, 7 (5), 6-8.
doi:10.1109/MIC.2003.1232512
McLaughlin, L. (2005a). From AWK to Google: Peter Weinberger talks search. IEEE Security and Privacy,
3(5), 11-13. doi: 10.1109/MSP.2005.123
McLaughlin, L. (2005b). Winning the game of risk: Neumann’s take on sound design. IEEE Security and
Privacy, 3(6), 9-12. doi: 10.1109/MSP.2005.164
Millett, L.I., & Holden, S.H. (2003). Authentication and its privacy effects. IEEE Internet Computing, 7(6), 54-
58. doi:10.1109/MIC.2003.1250584
Ryan, D.J. (2003). Two views on security software liability: Let the legal system decide. IEEE Security and
Privacy, 1(1), 70-72. doi:10.1109/MSECP.2003.1176999
Ryan, J.J.C.H. (2004). Information security tools and practices: What works?. IEEE Transactions on
Computers, 53(8), 1060-1063. doi:10.1109/TC.2004.45
Winslett, M., Yu, T., Seamons, K.E., Hess, A., Jacobson, J., Jarvis, R. et al. (2002). Negotiating trust on the
Web. IEEE Internet Computing, 6(6), 30-37. doi:10.1109/MIC.2002.1067734