Recession
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A recession is defined as a slowdown in economic activity and reduction in demand that leads to falling prices, business closures, and lack of trust in the economic system. Recessions are typically caused by bubbles bursting, like the fall in real estate prices that caused banking failures in the 1930s and 2008. The impacts of a recession include widespread job losses, company closures, economic crises in many countries, currency devaluations, and high inflation with low demand. To combat recessions, governments work to increase liquidity by cutting interest rates, reducing taxes, and implementing relief packages to boost industries and confidence.
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The document discusses why global economies have become increasingly dependent on central bank monetary stimulus to boost economic growth. It argues that a variety of imbalances, such as globalization, debt levels, environmental regulations, and aging populations, have reduced the productivity of capital. To counteract these imbalances, governments and central banks have lowered interest rates, enacted quantitative easing programs, and reduced banking regulations to increase the amount of money and credit in the economy. However, relying too heavily on monetary policy to stimulate growth risks creating larger economic distortions over the long run. Addressing the underlying imbalances through productive economic and social policies could help reduce the need for continual monetary stimulus.
Notes module 3
The document discusses Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in India. It provides definitions of SMEs according to the European Union and United States. It outlines the history of the Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in India. It also describes the classification of SMEs according to investment size and different types of SMEs in India including their roles and challenges.
Msme dossier for finance, subsidy & project related support contact - 98614...
The document summarizes the proceedings of the ET India MSME Summit, which aimed to bring MSME concerns to the forefront and create a process for change. It was a day-long summit organized over five sessions covering MSME finance/credit policies, policies/reforms, and markets. Top policymakers chaired panels with domain experts to discuss issues identified from feedback received from 543 MSME associations. The summit compiled all inputs and discussions into a comprehensive dossier to circulate among stakeholders. The MSME sector contributes significantly to the Indian economy but faces issues as most units are informal and do not have access to formal credit.
Why are operations the most exposed to Corporate Social Responsibility
More than ever, sustainbility is becoming crucial for business.we analysed the main problematics for implementing CSR consideration within industrial companies.
Permaculture and Business: mutually incompatible?
The document discusses several principles of sustainable and regenerative business, including using profits to strengthen communities, viewing problems as opportunities, and knowing your market. It provides examples of companies like Patagonia and Grameen Bank that have built successful businesses while solving social and environmental problems. The key message is that business can be a powerful tool for positive change when done with purpose and with the needs of people and planet in mind.
Roll of commercial bank in india
A commercial bank is a financial institution that accepts deposits and offers services like checking and savings accounts. It makes loans to businesses, individuals, and for mortgages. Commercial banks are where most people do their everyday banking, as opposed to investment banks. Commercial banks play important roles in India by providing capital and assistance to promote trade, agriculture, industry, and foreign trade. They support economic development through capital formation, increasing production, developing transportation, and accelerating the rate of capital formation by providing finance and credit.
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Enterpreneuership
The document discusses the role of government in promoting entrepreneurship. It outlines various ways the government supports entrepreneurs, including providing financial assistance, training programs, marketing assistance, promotional schemes, credit facilities, and policies to support small and medium enterprises. The government aims to develop a culture of entrepreneurship through integrating it into education, encouraging risk-taking, and national campaigns.
K577886.pdf
This document summarizes a research article about the effect of social media marketing and quality of human resources on business development of MSMEs in Maros Regency, Indonesia. The article provides background on the importance of MSMEs to the Indonesian economy. It then reviews literature on topics like the definition of MSMEs, quality of human resources, use of social media marketing, and benefits of social media. The research aims to analyze the effect of social media marketing and quality of human resources on business development of MSMEs in Maros Regency using a quantitative survey method.
Responsible Investing (part II) : what does really make a difference ?
Responsible Investing is a process in which the Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) criteria are taken into account along with the usual financial criteria.
Part I deals with listed RI (SRI funds and stocks) : Is it still a credible alternative against the mainstream ?
Part II deals with microfinance and impact investing
The author, Xavier Heude has been entirely dedicated to the development of Responsible Finance by the mean of promoting Impact Investing, mainly. He is convinced that Private and Institutional investors are growingly interested in putting some part of their money in business activities or projects where they can themselves follow up the financial performance, and last but not least, the social and environmental outcomes generated.
He is Co-founder of meso IMPACT Finance, a Luxembourg-based holding company aimed at taking stakes in SMEs that generate a social and environmental (measurable) impact. MIF helps them develop through a financial and extra-financial support (i.e. technical assistance).
He is also co-founder of Backbone, an advisory company specialized in the sourcing of projects that generate social / environmental impact. www.backbone.eu.com
Xavier Heude founded also the “PEERS Direct Investment” – registered trademark in 2011, after having stated for many years, that there are still quite few incentives and operational frameworks and guidelines allowing and encouraging a large public to invest in socially responsible business activities or to support valuable social initiatives.
A network is being built, in order to contribute to expand the mark and get it known worldwide.
Navigating COVID 19
How to manage the Covid 19 crisis. The solutions Indian Government can consider to over come this issue.
RURAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP.pptx
Rural entrepreneurship refers to entrepreneurial activities that take place in rural areas. It can play an important role in rural economic development by generating employment and incomes. However, rural entrepreneurs face several challenges including lack of access to finance, limited local markets, poor infrastructure, lack of skills and training, and difficulties with marketing and management. Government policies aim to promote rural entrepreneurship through schemes that provide subsidies, training and support for activities like agriculture, dairy, handicrafts and other small industries. Developing rural entrepreneurship can help decentralize industries, reduce poverty and unemployment, and encourage balanced regional growth.
Angela McGowan presentation to October 2009 CBI (NI)/ Stratagem Conference
The document summarizes the state of the global and local economies. At the global level, G7 economies are recovering from recession more quickly than expected, driven by monetary and fiscal policies. Locally, inflation is up 1.6% while unemployment and contraction in business services and manufacturing continue. Small economies like Northern Ireland face challenges with low productivity and a small local market, but opportunities exist from global recovery, cross-border trade, and a weak sterling. Policymakers and businesses must focus on innovation, skills, education, and developing high-value industries to achieve sustainable long-term growth.
introduction to economics.ppt
1. What products and styles should I offer to meet customer demand and maximize profits?
2. How should I price my products to be competitive yet profitable?
3. What costs will I incur to operate the business and how can I control costs to ensure profitability?
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Msme dossier for finance, subsidy & project related support contact - 98614...
Msme dossier for finance, subsidy & project related support contact - 98614...
Why are operations the most exposed to Corporate Social Responsibility
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Responsible Investing (part II) : what does really make a difference ?
Responsible Investing (part II) : what does really make a difference ?
Angela McGowan presentation to October 2009 CBI (NI)/ Stratagem Conference
Angela McGowan presentation to October 2009 CBI (NI)/ Stratagem Conference
More from Dr. Trilok Kumar Jain
Exam reform
Examination reforms are essential to transform the education system according to the document. The current examination system focuses only on rote memorization but needs to evaluate creativity and problem-solving. The document outlines steps to reform examinations including setting goals based on program and course objectives, evaluating whether objectives are achieved through direct and indirect methods, using continuous evaluations, and adopting open book exams and multiple evaluation methods.
Jain teerthankar vardhman mahaveer and contemporary problems
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一比一原版宾夕法尼亚大学毕业证(UPenn毕业证书)学历如何办理
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三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
留信网服务项目：
1、留学生专业人才库服务（留信分析）
2、国（境）学习人员提供就业推荐信服务
3、留学人员区块链存储服务
【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）】
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：客户在留信官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
How to Identify the Best Crypto to Buy Now in 2024.pdf
To identify the best crypto to buy in 2024, analyze market trends, assess the project's fundamentals, review the development team and community, monitor adoption rates, and evaluate risk tolerance. Stay updated with news, regulatory changes, and expert opinions to make informed decisions.
TechnoXander Confirmation of Payee Product Pack 1.pdf
Confirmation of Payee (CoP) is a vital security measure adopted by financial institutions and payment service providers. Its core purpose is to confirm that the recipient’s name matches the information provided by the sender during a banking transaction, ensuring that funds are transferred to the correct payment account.
Confirmation of Payee was built to tackle the increasing numbers of APP Fraud and in the landscape of UK banking, the spectre of APP fraud looms large. In 2022, over £1.2 billion was stolen by fraudsters through authorised and unauthorised fraud, equivalent to more than £2,300 every minute. This statistic emphasises the urgent need for robust security measures like CoP. While over £1.2 billion was stolen through fraud in 2022, there was an eight per cent reduction compared to 2021 which highlights the positive outcomes obtained from the implementation of Confirmation of Payee. The number of fraud cases across the UK also decreased by four per cent to nearly three million cases during the same period; latest statistics from UK Finance.
In essence, Confirmation of Payee plays a pivotal role in digital banking, guaranteeing the flawless execution of banking transactions. It stands as a guardian against fraud and misallocation, demonstrating the commitment of financial institutions to safeguard their clients’ assets. The next time you engage in a banking transaction, remember the invaluable role of CoP in ensuring the security of your financial interests.
For more details, you can visit https://technoxander.com.
Economic trends from a business point of view (May 2024)
Economic trends from a business point of view (May 2024)Інститут економічних досліджень та політичних консультацій
“Amidst Tempered Optimism” Main economic trends in May 2024 based on the results of the New Monthly Enterprises Survey, #NRES
On 12 June 2024 the Institute for Economic Research and Policy Consulting (IER) held an online event “Economic Trends from a Business Perspective (May 2024)”.
During the event, the results of the 25-th monthly survey of business executives “Ukrainian Business during the war”, which was conducted in May 2024, were presented.
The field stage of the 25-th wave lasted from May 20 to May 31, 2024. In May, 532 companies were surveyed.
The enterprise managers compared the work results in May 2024 with April, assessed the indicators at the time of the survey (May 2024), and gave forecasts for the next two, three, or six months, depending on the question. In certain issues (where indicated), the work results were compared with the pre-war period (before February 24, 2022).
✅ More survey results in the presentation.
✅ Video presentation: https://youtu.be/4ZvsSKd1MzE
Discovering Delhi - India's Cultural Capital.pptx
Delhi, the heartbeat of India, offers a rich blend of history, culture, and modernity. From iconic landmarks like the Red Fort to bustling commercial hubs and vibrant culinary scenes, Delhi's real estate landscape is dynamic and diverse. Discover the essence of India's capital, where tradition meets innovation.
Budgeting as a Control Tool in Govt Accounting in Nigeria Prof Oyedokun.pptx
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Budgeting as a Control Tool in Government Accounting in Nigeria
Being a Paper Presented at the Nigerian Maritime Administration and Safety Agency (NIMASA) Budget Office Staff at Sojourner Hotel, GRA, Ikeja Lagos on Saturday 8th June, 2024.
Understanding-Stocks-and-Real-Estate.pptx
Explore the world of investments with an in-depth comparison of the stock market and real estate. Understand their fundamentals, risks, returns, and diversification strategies to make informed financial decisions that align with your goals.
How to Use Payment Vouchers in Odoo 18.
Every business, big or small, deals with outgoing payments. Whether it’s to suppliers for inventory, to employees for salaries, or to vendors for services rendered, keeping track of these expenses is crucial. This is where payment vouchers come in – the unsung heroes of the accounting world.
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Helsinki, 11 June 2024
Ending stagnation: How to boost prosperity across Scotland
A toxic combination of 15 years of low growth, and four decades of high inequality, has left Britain poorer and falling behind its peers. Productivity growth is weak and public investment is low, while wages today are no higher than they were before the financial crisis. Britain needs a new economic strategy to lift itself out of stagnation.
Scotland is in many ways a microcosm of this challenge. It has become a hub for creative industries, is home to several world-class universities and a thriving community of businesses – strengths that need to be harness and leveraged. But it also has high levels of deprivation, with homelessness reaching a record high and nearly half a million people living in very deep poverty last year. Scotland won’t be truly thriving unless it finds ways to ensure that all its inhabitants benefit from growth and investment. This is the central challenge facing policy makers both in Holyrood and Westminster.
What should a new national economic strategy for Scotland include? What would the pursuit of stronger economic growth mean for local, national and UK-wide policy makers? How will economic change affect the jobs we do, the places we live and the businesses we work for? And what are the prospects for cities like Glasgow, and nations like Scotland, in rising to these challenges?
University of North Carolina at Charlotte degree offer diploma Transcript
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留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
The Rise and Fall of Ponzi Schemes in America.pptx
Ponzi schemes, a notorious form of financial fraud, have plagued America’s investment landscape for decades. Named after Charles Ponzi, who orchestrated one of the most infamous schemes in the early 20th century, these fraudulent operations promise high returns with little or no risk, only to collapse and leave investors with significant losses. This article explores the nature of Ponzi schemes, notable cases in American history, their impact on victims, and measures to prevent falling prey to such scams.
Understanding Ponzi Schemes
A Ponzi scheme is an investment scam where returns are paid to earlier investors using the capital from newer investors, rather than from legitimate profit earned. The scheme relies on a constant influx of new investments to continue paying the promised returns. Eventually, when the flow of new money slows down or stops, the scheme collapses, leaving the majority of investors with substantial financial losses.
Historical Context: Charles Ponzi and His Legacy
Charles Ponzi is the namesake of this deceptive practice. In the 1920s, Ponzi promised investors in Boston a 50% return within 45 days or 100% return in 90 days through arbitrage of international reply coupons. Initially, he paid returns as promised, not from profits, but from the investments of new participants. When his scheme unraveled, it resulted in losses exceeding $20 million (equivalent to about $270 million today).
Notable American Ponzi Schemes
1. Bernie Madoff: Perhaps the most notorious Ponzi scheme in recent history, Bernie Madoff’s fraud involved $65 billion. Madoff, a well-respected figure in the financial industry, promised steady, high returns through a secretive investment strategy. His scheme lasted for decades before collapsing in 2008, devastating thousands of investors, including individuals, charities, and institutional clients.
2. Allen Stanford: Through his company, Stanford Financial Group, Allen Stanford orchestrated a $7 billion Ponzi scheme, luring investors with fraudulent certificates of deposit issued by his offshore bank. Stanford promised high returns and lavish lifestyle benefits to his investors, which ultimately led to a 110-year prison sentence for the financier in 2012.
3. Tom Petters: In a scheme that lasted more than a decade, Tom Petters ran a $3.65 billion Ponzi scheme, using his company, Petters Group Worldwide. He claimed to buy and sell consumer electronics, but in reality, he used new investments to pay off old debts and fund his extravagant lifestyle. Petters was convicted in 2009 and sentenced to 50 years in prison.
4. Eric Dalius and Saivian: Eric Dalius, a prominent figure behind Saivian, a cashback program promising high returns, is under scrutiny for allegedly orchestrating a Ponzi scheme. Saivian enticed investors with promises of up to 20% cash back on everyday purchases. However, investigations suggest that the returns were paid using new investments rather than legitimate profits. The collapse of Saivian l
KYC Compliance: A Cornerstone of Global Crypto Regulatory Frameworks
This presentation explores the pivotal role of KYC compliance in shaping and enforcing global regulations within the dynamic landscape of cryptocurrencies. Dive into the intricate connection between KYC practices and the evolving legal frameworks governing the crypto industry.
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Exploring-Madhya-Pradesh-Culture-Heritage-and-Land-Records.pptx
Madhya Pradesh, the "Heart of India," boasts a rich tapestry of culture and heritage, from ancient dynasties to modern developments. Explore its land records, historical landmarks, and vibrant traditions. From agricultural expanses to urban growth, Madhya Pradesh offers a unique blend of the ancient and modern.
Chapter 25: Economic Growth Summary from Samuelson and Nordhaus
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University of North Carolina at Charlotte degree offer diploma Transcript
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Chapter 25: Economic Growth Summary from Samuelson and Nordhaus
Recession
- 1. RECESSION
- 2. WHAT IS RECESSION ??? Slowdown in economic activities, reduction in demand, fall in prices, closure of business enterprises, and lack of trust in economic system is called recession....
- 3. WHY RECESSION.... 1930 fall in real estate prices ... and subsequent failures of banks.... 2008 Fall in real estate prices due to failures of banking system (sub-prime crises)
- 4. WHY RECESSION... Excessive credit excessive consumerism lack of risk management measures bubble (excessive increase in stock price, excessive increase in land prices) had to burst
- 5. IMPACT OF RECESSION Massive retrenchment / unemployment (in Pune alone more than 50000 people lost their jobs) closure of a large number of companies economic crises in many countries payment crisis in many countries devaluation of many currencies inflation without demand reduced trust in $
- 6. SOLUTIONS. . . . Federal Bank, US govt, governments of different countries got united and took initiatives... huge money was pumped into the system.... confidence building measures were taken up... interest rates were reduced.... treasury rate was brought down to ZERO. ... initiatives were taken up to reduce tax rates, to help industries and to introduce relief packages for industries....
- 7. SUGGESTIONS .... Prepare for such events in advance ... Improve risk management measures encourage people to save and invest – not just to consume adopt better corporate governance, better accounting disclosure practices establish an international economic monitoring body to guide central banks and governments to tackle such problems....
- 8. INDIA – A SAFER COUNTRY ... Banks have adopted prudential measures... banks dont give excessive loans people still love to save and invest speculative activities are comparatively less people have trust in banks (as most banks are public sector banks and are supported by government) and stock market large middle class and good purchasing power only a few industries (BPO, Export oriented units, and financial services) were adversely affected...
- 9. SUGGESTIONS... Let us question our economic systems and develop new economic system, which can promote small, micro and tiny units and which can enable our economic system to adopt the principles of Gandhian philosophy... let us again promote our culture of savings, investment and collective institutions.....
- 10. THANKS...