Centrifugal pumps work by using an impeller to impart centrifugal force on a fluid, increasing its velocity and pressure. The impeller is housed inside a casing and rotates to pick up fluid at its center, throwing it outward where the casing contains and directs it to the discharge pipe. Key parts include the suction eye, impeller, casing, and discharge pipe. Centrifugal pumps are useful for handling fluids with solids and providing high pressure output for various industrial and domestic applications.

1. PRESENTATION ON
CENTRIFUGAL PUMP

2. PUMP
• A pump is a device used to move fluids, such as liquids, gases
or slurries. It increases the mechanical energy of the fluid. The
additional energy can be used to increase –
• Velocity (flow rate)
• Pressure
• Elevation

3. PUMP CLASSIFICATION

4. Positive Displacement Pump
• Positive Displacement pumps apply pressure directly to the
liquid by a reciprocating piston, or by rotating members.
• Uses:
• 1.can handle shear sensitive liquid.
• 2.Use for high pressure application
• 3.Use for variable viscosity applications.
• Types:
• Reciprocating pump
• Rotary pump

5. Reciprocating Pump
• In Reciprocating pumps, the chamber is a stationary cylinder
that contains a piston or plunger.
• Types:
• Piston Pump
• Plunger Pump
• Diaphragm Pump

7. ROTARY PUMP
• In Rotary pumps, the chamber moves from inlet to discharge and back to
the inlet. A wide variety of rotary pumps are available like gear pumps,
lobe pumps, screw pumps, cam pumps, vane pumps.
• Most popular:
• gear pumps
• Relatively constant output
• Types:
• Single Rotor
• Multiple Rotor

9. DYNAMIC PUMP
• Centrifugal Pumps:
• This pumps generate high rotational velocities, then convert the
resulting kinetic energy of the liquid to pressure energy.
• 2 Parts: It contains impeller and casing.
• Uses:
1. Can handle fluids containing suspended solids.

10. CONSTRUCTION:
Centrifugal pumps are non- positive displacement
pumps.
It works on the principle that a fluid of mass is given a
force it is thrown outward radially. The main parts of
the centrifugal pump include,
• Suction eye
• Suction pipe
• Impeller
• Casing
• vanes
• Discharge pipe

11. SUCTION EYE:
• The suction pipe is connected to
the sump or a ground level tank
from where the fluid has to be
pumped.
• The suction eye is the first point of
entry of water into pump.

12. SUCTION PIPE
• suction pipe is connected to the suction eye of
the pump.
• as they can generate suction at the pump inlet
to lift the fluid into the pump

13. IMPELLER:
In the pump the impeller
provides the centrifugal
action to the fluid.
The types of impeller are
• Open impeller
• Closed impeller
• Semi-closed impeller

14. CASING
• The volute of a centrifugal pump is the casing that receives
the fluid being pumped by the impeller, slowing down the
fluid's rate of flow. A volute is a curved funnel that increases in
area as it approaches the discharge port.

15. VANES:
• The radial vanes within a water casing cause
the water to spin.
• The backward vanes are use for
incompressible fluid.
• The forward vanes for compressible fluid.

16. DISCHARGE PIPE:
• The discharge pipe is connected to the above level where the
fluid has to be delivered.

17. Working of centrifugal pump

18. • As the electric motor starts rotating, it also rotates the impeller. The rotation of
the impeller creates suction at the suction pipe. Due to suction created the water
from the sump starts coming to the casing through the eye of the impeller.
• From the eye of the impeller, due to the centrifugal force acting on the water, the
water starts moving radially outward and towards the outer of casing.
• Since the impeller is rotating at high velocity it also rotates the water around it in
the casing. The area of the casing increasing gradually in the direction of rotation,
so the velocity of the water keeps on decreasing and the pressure increases, at the
outlet of the pump, the pressure is maximum.
• Now form the outlet of the pump, the water goes to its desired location through
delivery pipe.
Working of centrifugal pump

19.  Static head=hd+hs
 Manometric head hm= hd+hs+hf+v2/2g
 This will help to know that how much work centrifugal
pump has to do.
MATHEMATICALLY:

20. CONCLUSION
 It converts mechanical energy into pressure energy by
centrifugal force.
 The flow of liquid in centrifugal pump is smooth.
 It is commonly use in industries and house, sewage etc For
example under ground tanks.