Contracts and Tenders
When two or more persons have common intention communicated to each other to create same obligation between them there is said to be an agreement. An agreement which is enforceable by law is a Contract.
A Tenders is called upon for executing certain specified work, or supplying specified materials; subjected to certain terms and conditions like rates, time limit, etc. It is an offer in written form: Legally speaking, it is an offer to receive an offer for the work, within the specified financial limits.
Check for more presentations at - www.archistudent.net
Contracts and Tenders
When two or more persons have common intention communicated to each other to create same obligation between them there is said to be an agreement. An agreement which is enforceable by law is a Contract.
A Tenders is called upon for executing certain specified work, or supplying specified materials; subjected to certain terms and conditions like rates, time limit, etc. It is an offer in written form: Legally speaking, it is an offer to receive an offer for the work, within the specified financial limits.
Check for more presentations at - www.archistudent.net
Brief description is given about different types of estimates of buildings in civil engineering with basic technical terminology used in civil engineering field
Types of Contract in Construction ManagementShahin MB
Types of Contract in Construction Management
Lump Sum Contract
Cost plus Fixed fee
Cost plus bid fee contract
Guaranteed Maximum
Negotiated
Unit price Contract
Design build
turn key contract
What is estimate?
Purpose of estimate
Technical Terms in estimate
Project
Quantity Surveying
Plinth Area
External Services
Contingencies
Work charge estiblishment
Tools&Plants(T&P)
Centage Charges
Schedule of Rates
This presentation will give the brief introduction to the specifications, its different types along with link to example of detailed specifications. Specifications of buildings and roads are discussed.
Different rolled steel bars and sectionsskytechmetals
Rolled steel sections are available in various forms for use in Steel Construction. Shapes, sizes, and properties of these rolled steel sections, Different steel members are manufactured in the factories based their usage
Project
A Project is defined as a temporary endeavour undertaken to create a unique product/service/results.
Product
The product in case of a construction project is the constructed facility such as a building, a bridge, a highway, a dam, a canal, a factory etc.
Brief description is given about different types of estimates of buildings in civil engineering with basic technical terminology used in civil engineering field
Types of Contract in Construction ManagementShahin MB
Types of Contract in Construction Management
Lump Sum Contract
Cost plus Fixed fee
Cost plus bid fee contract
Guaranteed Maximum
Negotiated
Unit price Contract
Design build
turn key contract
What is estimate?
Purpose of estimate
Technical Terms in estimate
Project
Quantity Surveying
Plinth Area
External Services
Contingencies
Work charge estiblishment
Tools&Plants(T&P)
Centage Charges
Schedule of Rates
This presentation will give the brief introduction to the specifications, its different types along with link to example of detailed specifications. Specifications of buildings and roads are discussed.
Different rolled steel bars and sectionsskytechmetals
Rolled steel sections are available in various forms for use in Steel Construction. Shapes, sizes, and properties of these rolled steel sections, Different steel members are manufactured in the factories based their usage
Project
A Project is defined as a temporary endeavour undertaken to create a unique product/service/results.
Product
The product in case of a construction project is the constructed facility such as a building, a bridge, a highway, a dam, a canal, a factory etc.
CW RADAR, FMCW RADAR, FMCW ALTIMETER, AND THEIR PARAMETERSveerababupersonal22
It consists of cw radar and fmcw radar ,range measurement,if amplifier and fmcw altimeterThe CW radar operates using continuous wave transmission, while the FMCW radar employs frequency-modulated continuous wave technology. Range measurement is a crucial aspect of radar systems, providing information about the distance to a target. The IF amplifier plays a key role in signal processing, amplifying intermediate frequency signals for further analysis. The FMCW altimeter utilizes frequency-modulated continuous wave technology to accurately measure altitude above a reference point.
We have compiled the most important slides from each speaker's presentation. This year’s compilation, available for free, captures the key insights and contributions shared during the DfMAy 2024 conference.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
2. RATE ANALYSIS
“ The determination of rate per unit of a particular item of work, from the
cost of quantities of materials, the cost of labourers and other miscellaneous
petty expenses required for its completion is known as the analysis of rates.”
In order to determine the rate of a particular item, the factors affecting
the rate of that item are studied carefully and then finally a rate is
decided for that item.
3. PURPOSE OF RATE ANALYSIS
•To work out the actual cost of per unit of the items.
•To work out the economical use of materials and processes in completing a
particular item.
•To work out the cost of extra items which are not provided in the contract bond,
but are to be done as per the directions of the department.
•To revise the schedule of rates due to increase in the cost of material and labour
or due to change in technique.
4. FACTORS AFFECTING RATE ANALYSIS
1. Specification of works and material, quality of materials, proportion of mortar
method of construction and operation.
2. Quantities of materials and their rates
3. Number of different types of labourer and their rates.
4. Location of site of work and its distance from the sources of materials and the
rates of transport, availability of water.
5. Profit and miscellaneous and overhead expenses of contractor.
5. How is a new unit rate defined?
The starting point to define the new unit rate, is to run a careful analysis of
the elements and resources that build up to form the new work item.
The elementary components, or resources, are generally the following:
• workforce
• materials
• hired equipment
• overheads
• company profits
6. Labor & Materials
The cost of labor is defined by the type of workers (specialized, qualified operators)
and the hours of work necessary per quantity unit.
To define the cost of the necessary materials, you need to determine the following:
• the purchase price
• on-site transport costs
• unloading
• stacking and storage
• waste (an excess percentage of unwanted material due to the production
processes)
7. OVERHEAD COSTS
• It includes general office expense, rents, taxes, supervision and other costs which are indirect
expense and not productive expense of job.
• The miscellaneous expense on overheads may be under the following heads;
A.General overheads
1. Establishment (office staff)
2. Stationary, printing, postages etc.
3. Travelling expense
4. Telephone
5. Rent and Taxes
8. OVERHEAD COSTS
B. Job overheads
1. Supervision (salary of Engg., Overseers, Supervision etc.)
2. Handling of materials
3. Repairs, carriage and depreciation of T&P
4. Amenities of labour
5. Workmen’s compensation and insurance
6. Interest on investment
7. Losses on advances
9. Note*
• The contractor may allowed to have a net profit of 6%-8%
• The miscellaneous overheads expenses may come to about 5%-10%
• Total 15% of the actual cost may be reasonable amount but it is usually practice to add
10%.
• 1.5% of water charges is also added
• If material has to be transported from more than 8km than transportation cost should
be calculated separately.
• 10% should be extra added to contractors profit if cement and steel has to be arranged
by him.
10. Lead statement
• The distance between the source of availability of material and construction site is
known as "Lead " and is expected in Km.
• The cost of conveyance of material depends on lead.
• This statement will give the total cost of materials per unit item. It includes first
cost, conveyance loading, unloading stacking, charges etc.
11. TASK OR TURN-OUT WORK
• Task : the capacity of doing work by an artisan or skilled labour in the form of quantity of work
per day.
• It varies to some extent according to the nature, size, height, situation, location etc.
example
For the excavation of foundation of a building. 4 labours worked out for 2 days and total quantity of
earthwork was 24cu.mt.
So total labours worked = 2 x 4 = 8 Nos
Task of one labour = 24/8 = 3 cu.mt.
12. Calculations of Quantities
Concrete work
For 1 m3 of wet concrete, dry volume is taken about 52% more
That is 1 m3 of wet concrete = 1.52 m3 of dry concrete
Quantity of materials for 1: 2 : 4 cement concrete
Proportion 1: 2 : 4 C : S : A Total = 7
Cement 1/7x 1.52 0.21714/0.035 6.204 say 7nos. of bags
Sand 2/7 x 1.52 0.434 m3
Aggregate 4/7 x 1.52 0.868 m3
13. Rate analysis of RCC ( 1:2:4 ) for slab – 10 m3
(A) Material required
Sr Type of material Quantity Rate Per Amount
1 Cement
Q=1/7 x 10 x 1.52 = 2.17 / 0.035
62 280 bags 17360
2 Sand
Q= 2/7 x 10 x 1.52
4.34 1200 m3 5208
3 Course Agg.
Q= 4/7 x 10 x 1.52
8.68 1100 m3 9548
4 Steel (1%) 785 50 Kg 39250
5 Binding wire 8 35 Kg 280
4 Miscellaneous - - Lump sum 100
Total (A) 71,746
14. Rate analysis of RCC ( 1:2:4 ) for slab – 10 m3
(B) Labour required
Sr Type Quantity Rate Per Amount
1 Head mason 1 500 day 500
2 Mason (Mixing, Trans., Placement) 10 350 day 3500
3 Mason (binding, bending) 9 250 day 2250
4 Mason (centering ,shuttering) Lump sum 5000
6 Rent for Equp. (2000 Rs) Lump sum 2000
Total (B) 13,250
Total ( A + B ) = Rs. 84,996
Add 1.5% of water charges = Rs. 1275
Add 10% of contractor’s profit = Rs. 8500
Rate for 10.0 m3 = Rs. 94,771
Rate for 1.0 m3 = Rs. 9,477