This document discusses accelerating bridge construction through modular and self-propelled modular transporter (SPMT) methods. It provides examples of contractor-driven and owner-driven accelerated bridge construction projects. Contractor-driven projects tend to be completed on time and under budget. Owner-driven projects aim to advance technologies and are often the first to use new methods, resulting in higher costs. The document outlines the benefits of accelerated bridge construction including reduced construction time, improved safety, and lower traffic impacts.
ABC in Alabama_2015 National ABC Conference PresentationDavid Tomley
This document describes the accelerated bridge construction method used for the Ross Clark Circle Bridge in Dothan, Alabama. Temporary shoring boxes and falsework were used to support the construction of the new bridge superstructure adjacent to the existing bridge. The bridge was then slid into its permanent position in a short weekend window, allowing traffic to be maintained. Prefabricating the shoring boxes helped speed up construction. Lessons learned included improving the shoring box design for easier construction and transportation.
Pre-Fabricated Steel Bridges for Accelerated Bridge Construction (ABC)AISC/NSBA
This document discusses the use of prefabricated steel bridges and bridge elements for accelerated bridge construction. Over 800 bridges have used prefabricated bridge elements or systems in the last 3 years, with prefabricated steel bridge systems being most common historically. Examples of completed projects using prefabricated steel bridges, modules, and elements are presented, demonstrating how steel allows for faster construction times, reuse of existing foundations, and accommodation of complex geometries. The benefits of modular steel elements for accelerated bridge construction are outlined, including conventional fabrication, light weight, maximum span lengths, and prefabrication advantages.
M.Tech Structural Engineering Project on Voided and Cellular Bridge introductionvaignan
This document discusses the analysis of voided and cellular bridge deck structures using the Midas-Civil software. It provides background on voided slab and cellular slab bridges, including their advantages and disadvantages. The literature review found that no previous studies have analyzed these deck types specifically using Midas-Civil. Therefore, the project aims to perform this analysis and compare the manual and Midas-Civil results. The schedule outlines initial manual analysis followed by modeling in Midas-Civil to validate the hand calculations.
This document provides details about the construction of a railway overhead bridge by the U.P. State Bridge Corporation Ltd. It discusses the project details, including specifications of the bridge which is 911.506 meters long with 20 circular piers. It outlines the various steps of construction including surveying, laying reinforcement, shuttering, concreting, and removing shuttering after setting. Suggestions are provided for bridge maintenance and monitoring.
This document provides an introduction to bridge engineering. It discusses the history of bridge engineering from 1300 BC to modern times. It also covers the different types of bridges including arch, suspension, cable-stayed, girder, and truss bridges. The document examines factors that are considered when selecting a bridge type, such as available materials, support conditions, span details, load types, and construction limitations. Finally, it discusses bridge construction methods including cast-in-place and prefabrication approaches as well as accelerated bridge construction techniques.
Group 06 presents information on suspension bridges. The document includes:
1. A definition of a suspension bridge as a type of bridge where the deck is hung below suspension cables on vertical suspenders.
2. Details about some of the oldest suspension bridges still in service today, including the Roebling Bridge constructed in 1847.
3. Mentions some famous modern suspension bridges like the Golden Gate Bridge and Clifton Suspension Bridge.
This document provides details about a project to design and test a fettuccine truss bridge. It includes sections on the introduction and objectives of the project, methodology, precedent studies of truss bridge designs, materials and equipment used, testing of 5 bridge models, details of the final bridge design, and conclusions. The goal was to design a fettuccine truss bridge with a 750mm clear span and maximum weight of 200g that could withstand loading until failure. Various bridge designs were tested and analyzed to understand how forces are distributed in a truss and improve the bridge strength.
ABC in Alabama_2015 National ABC Conference PresentationDavid Tomley
This document describes the accelerated bridge construction method used for the Ross Clark Circle Bridge in Dothan, Alabama. Temporary shoring boxes and falsework were used to support the construction of the new bridge superstructure adjacent to the existing bridge. The bridge was then slid into its permanent position in a short weekend window, allowing traffic to be maintained. Prefabricating the shoring boxes helped speed up construction. Lessons learned included improving the shoring box design for easier construction and transportation.
Pre-Fabricated Steel Bridges for Accelerated Bridge Construction (ABC)AISC/NSBA
This document discusses the use of prefabricated steel bridges and bridge elements for accelerated bridge construction. Over 800 bridges have used prefabricated bridge elements or systems in the last 3 years, with prefabricated steel bridge systems being most common historically. Examples of completed projects using prefabricated steel bridges, modules, and elements are presented, demonstrating how steel allows for faster construction times, reuse of existing foundations, and accommodation of complex geometries. The benefits of modular steel elements for accelerated bridge construction are outlined, including conventional fabrication, light weight, maximum span lengths, and prefabrication advantages.
M.Tech Structural Engineering Project on Voided and Cellular Bridge introductionvaignan
This document discusses the analysis of voided and cellular bridge deck structures using the Midas-Civil software. It provides background on voided slab and cellular slab bridges, including their advantages and disadvantages. The literature review found that no previous studies have analyzed these deck types specifically using Midas-Civil. Therefore, the project aims to perform this analysis and compare the manual and Midas-Civil results. The schedule outlines initial manual analysis followed by modeling in Midas-Civil to validate the hand calculations.
This document provides details about the construction of a railway overhead bridge by the U.P. State Bridge Corporation Ltd. It discusses the project details, including specifications of the bridge which is 911.506 meters long with 20 circular piers. It outlines the various steps of construction including surveying, laying reinforcement, shuttering, concreting, and removing shuttering after setting. Suggestions are provided for bridge maintenance and monitoring.
This document provides an introduction to bridge engineering. It discusses the history of bridge engineering from 1300 BC to modern times. It also covers the different types of bridges including arch, suspension, cable-stayed, girder, and truss bridges. The document examines factors that are considered when selecting a bridge type, such as available materials, support conditions, span details, load types, and construction limitations. Finally, it discusses bridge construction methods including cast-in-place and prefabrication approaches as well as accelerated bridge construction techniques.
Group 06 presents information on suspension bridges. The document includes:
1. A definition of a suspension bridge as a type of bridge where the deck is hung below suspension cables on vertical suspenders.
2. Details about some of the oldest suspension bridges still in service today, including the Roebling Bridge constructed in 1847.
3. Mentions some famous modern suspension bridges like the Golden Gate Bridge and Clifton Suspension Bridge.
This document provides details about a project to design and test a fettuccine truss bridge. It includes sections on the introduction and objectives of the project, methodology, precedent studies of truss bridge designs, materials and equipment used, testing of 5 bridge models, details of the final bridge design, and conclusions. The goal was to design a fettuccine truss bridge with a 750mm clear span and maximum weight of 200g that could withstand loading until failure. Various bridge designs were tested and analyzed to understand how forces are distributed in a truss and improve the bridge strength.
This document outlines the steps taken to build a spaghetti bridge that meets specific requirements. It describes researching bridge design, creating a prototype, testing it, redesigning based on weaknesses found, and building a final bridge that supports 15 pounds. The process involved learning about bridge engineering, designing a Warren truss bridge made of spaghetti, constructing and testing a prototype, redesigning to address issues, and finally building a bridge that spanned 20-30 inches and supported 15 pounds.
This document presents the analysis report for a fettuccine truss bridge project. It includes a precedent study of two existing truss bridges, an analysis of the materials used including fettuccine and different types of adhesive, and a description of the process for designing, constructing, and testing multiple models of the fettuccine bridge. The goals of the project were to understand force distribution in trusses and maximize the efficiency of the designed bridge model. Various tests were conducted to determine the optimal material properties, construction techniques, and joint designs.
4. STUDY ONVARIATION OF JOINT FORCES IN STEEL TRUSS BRIDGEAELC
This document provides an overview of a student's thesis on analyzing the variation of joint forces in steel truss bridges. The objectives are to understand steel truss bridge components and design, perform influence line analysis using STAAD-Pro software, and study joint force variations. The scope will involve designing a simple span parallel chord Warren truss bridge superstructure to AASHTO standards with HS20-24 live loading. Implementation will include modeling the bridge in STAAD-Pro and analyzing joints. The document also covers characteristics, advantages, disadvantages and components of steel truss bridges.
Final report design of a pedestrian bridge - fall 2009Sanamau Waitogu
This document is the final report for a senior design project to design a pedestrian bridge between the University of Toledo's main campus and engineering campus. It summarizes the constraints of the project site, which include high voltage power lines, nearby railroad tracks, and poor soil conditions. It then describes site visits where traffic and pedestrian counts were collected. Two potential bridge designs are recommended to safely transport pedestrians across Douglas Road between the campuses.
This document discusses the importance of bridge maintenance, rehabilitation, and repair. It begins by defining a bridge and providing examples of important bridges in India. It then covers topics like bridge inspection procedures, common causes of bridge deterioration over time, and different maintenance and repair techniques. Regular inspection and timely repair or replacement of bridges is necessary for safety reasons, as bridge failures can lead to loss of life and disrupt transportation. Proper maintenance plays a vital role in ensuring bridges continue serving their important purpose of transportation.
This document summarizes the testing and analysis of multiple fettuccine truss bridge designs. It describes the construction and load testing of initial bridges with varying heights and numbers of trusses. The first bridge design had a height of 9cm and 6 trusses, and was able to withstand a maximum load of 1337g before failing when the bottom members broke. Subsequent bridge designs were analyzed and improved based on the weaknesses identified in previous tests, with the goal of optimizing the design to support the greatest load while minimizing weight.
This document outlines the design of five truss bridges made of fettuccine as part of a student project. It includes an introduction describing the project aims, scope and requirements. A precedent study of an existing truss bridge provides background on truss design and structural details. Testing was done to determine the strength of fettuccine and different glues. Five bridge designs were analyzed and tested for load capacity, with the best design using a reinforced central Waddell "A" truss configuration supporting over 4.8kg.
The document is a report on analyzing and testing fettuccine truss bridges. It details the group's process of conducting precedent studies on real truss bridges, testing the strength of fettuccine material, designing and building multiple bridge models through trial and error, and analyzing why the bridges failed under loading. The goal was to design a fettuccine truss bridge that meets requirements of spanning 350mm with less than 80g weight and understanding force distribution in the truss.
1) Cable-stayed bridges have the deck supported by cables running directly from the deck to towers. They are economical for long spans over 100 meters, especially where access is restricted.
2) Construction involves building cofferdams and installing piles and rebar cages for foundations before constructing the tower and deck segments, which are placed using temporary cables.
3) Permanent cables made of strands coated in plastic and resin are installed by forcing them through pipes to saddles in the tower and stressed using hydraulic jacks on both sides.
This document provides information about truss bridges, including their history, types, and design principles. It discusses the evolution of bridge construction from natural bridges to modern designs. Key truss designs discussed include the Kingpost, Queenpost, Howe, Pratt, and Warren trusses. The document also covers truss components, optimal truss geometry, design of compression/tension members, and design of vertical and diagonal members. Overall, the document provides a technical overview of truss bridge design and the various truss configurations used in steel bridges.
This document provides information about the design of a composite deck bridge. It includes an abstract describing the key components of a composite deck bridge. The introduction defines different bridge types. The main body describes the structural components of a composite deck bridge, including the RC slab, steel girders, and shear connectors. It outlines the design procedure and provides literature references. The conclusion indicates that site data will be collected and a composite deck bridge will be analyzed and designed using MIDAS software.
This document discusses the use of prefabricated structural steel girders with composite reinforced concrete deck slabs for the construction of urban flyovers. Some key advantages of this system include reduced girder weights which allows for transportation and erection with smaller equipment, and the ability to construct longer obligatory spans by splicing shorter girder units together on site. Several deck systems are presented, including plate girders with cross diaphragms and cast-in-place slabs. The document concludes that while less common in India due to cost and maintenance needs, prefabricated steel girder systems can offer construction benefits for narrow urban sites.
This document provides an overview of bridge construction techniques, including:
- The main components of bridges such as the superstructure, bearings, substructure, piers, abutments, and foundation.
- Different types of bridges based on flexibility, form of superstructure, and materials used.
- Different foundation types including shallow foundations like spread and raft foundations, and deep foundations like piles, caissons, and wells.
- Techniques for constructing foundations including box caissons and open caissons.
This document discusses different types of bridges used in hilly areas. It begins by introducing bridges and their variations in design. It then covers the history of bridge development and discusses common bridge materials like wood, steel, reinforced concrete, and prestressed concrete. The document outlines challenges to bridge construction in hilly areas such as deep gorges, rivers, extreme climates, landslides, earthquakes, and soil variations. It also discusses bridge foundations and substructures. The main types of hilly area bridges covered are beam, truss, cantilever, arch, tied arch, suspension, and cable-stayed bridges. Arch bridges are identified as handling higher loads better than other bridge types.
STATIC AND DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF CABLE-STAYED SUSPENSION HYBRID BRIDGE & VALIDA...IAEME Publication
The requirement of long span bridge is increase with development of infrastructure facility in every nation. Long span bridge could be achieved with use of high strength materials and innovative techniques for analysis of bridge. Generally, cable supported bridges comprise both suspension and cable-stayed bridge. Cable supported bridges are very flexible in behavior. These flexible systems are susceptible to the dynamic effects of wind and earthquake loads. The cable-stayed bridge could provide more rigidity due to presence of tensed cable stays as a force resistance element. The suspension bridge could assigned more span in the field of bridge. So, combination of above two structural system the innovative form of cable-stayed suspension hybrid bridge could be the better option to provide more span. Here, attempt is made to analyse long span cable-stayed suspension hybrid bridge. The literature survey on the topic of analysis of cable-stayed suspension hybrid bridge is presented in the current paper. Modeling of cable-stayed suspension hybrid bridge in SAP2000 software and its validation is carried out. The nonlinear static analysis and modal time history analysis of cable-stayed suspension hybrid bridge is carried out in SAP2000 software. The time period of bridge for different mode shape is presented to compare the result of research paper with Sap 2000 software.
A bridge is a structure built over an obstacle like a body of water or valley to allow crossing. It must support its own and traffic loads. Bridges are classified by material, structure type, construction method, and function. Common types include beam, girder, arch, truss, suspension, and cable-stayed bridges. Selection depends on span length, site conditions, cost, construction speed, and aesthetics. Proper investigation of soil, stream conditions, and alternatives is needed to select the best bridge site.
The document discusses inspection and maintenance of reinforced concrete and steel bridges. It describes the importance of regular bridge inspection using various instrumentation to detect cracks, corrosion, and other issues. Bridges require maintenance to address damage over time from factors like weather, traffic loads, and corrosion. Common repairs include replacing expansion joints, repairing cracks, and addressing structural issues. Proper inspection and maintenance are needed to preserve bridge integrity and safety.
The document discusses several infrastructure projects in the UK involving bridge and retaining wall design. It provides details on the structural elements designed, software used, design codes followed, and roles and responsibilities on each project. The projects included bridge assessments, refurbishments, and new designs incorporating concrete, steel, timber and prestressed structures. Design activities involved load calculations, 3D modeling, temporary works planning and site supervision.
Assessing and constructing a cost effective bridge replacement christopher si...mecocca5
Precast components are fabricated in a controlled plant environment allowing for increased quality control. Other benefits include expedited installation minimizing field construction time and associated costs as well as minimal environmental impacts from construction activities.
This document outlines the steps taken to build a spaghetti bridge that meets specific requirements. It describes researching bridge design, creating a prototype, testing it, redesigning based on weaknesses found, and building a final bridge that supports 15 pounds. The process involved learning about bridge engineering, designing a Warren truss bridge made of spaghetti, constructing and testing a prototype, redesigning to address issues, and finally building a bridge that spanned 20-30 inches and supported 15 pounds.
This document presents the analysis report for a fettuccine truss bridge project. It includes a precedent study of two existing truss bridges, an analysis of the materials used including fettuccine and different types of adhesive, and a description of the process for designing, constructing, and testing multiple models of the fettuccine bridge. The goals of the project were to understand force distribution in trusses and maximize the efficiency of the designed bridge model. Various tests were conducted to determine the optimal material properties, construction techniques, and joint designs.
4. STUDY ONVARIATION OF JOINT FORCES IN STEEL TRUSS BRIDGEAELC
This document provides an overview of a student's thesis on analyzing the variation of joint forces in steel truss bridges. The objectives are to understand steel truss bridge components and design, perform influence line analysis using STAAD-Pro software, and study joint force variations. The scope will involve designing a simple span parallel chord Warren truss bridge superstructure to AASHTO standards with HS20-24 live loading. Implementation will include modeling the bridge in STAAD-Pro and analyzing joints. The document also covers characteristics, advantages, disadvantages and components of steel truss bridges.
Final report design of a pedestrian bridge - fall 2009Sanamau Waitogu
This document is the final report for a senior design project to design a pedestrian bridge between the University of Toledo's main campus and engineering campus. It summarizes the constraints of the project site, which include high voltage power lines, nearby railroad tracks, and poor soil conditions. It then describes site visits where traffic and pedestrian counts were collected. Two potential bridge designs are recommended to safely transport pedestrians across Douglas Road between the campuses.
This document discusses the importance of bridge maintenance, rehabilitation, and repair. It begins by defining a bridge and providing examples of important bridges in India. It then covers topics like bridge inspection procedures, common causes of bridge deterioration over time, and different maintenance and repair techniques. Regular inspection and timely repair or replacement of bridges is necessary for safety reasons, as bridge failures can lead to loss of life and disrupt transportation. Proper maintenance plays a vital role in ensuring bridges continue serving their important purpose of transportation.
This document summarizes the testing and analysis of multiple fettuccine truss bridge designs. It describes the construction and load testing of initial bridges with varying heights and numbers of trusses. The first bridge design had a height of 9cm and 6 trusses, and was able to withstand a maximum load of 1337g before failing when the bottom members broke. Subsequent bridge designs were analyzed and improved based on the weaknesses identified in previous tests, with the goal of optimizing the design to support the greatest load while minimizing weight.
This document outlines the design of five truss bridges made of fettuccine as part of a student project. It includes an introduction describing the project aims, scope and requirements. A precedent study of an existing truss bridge provides background on truss design and structural details. Testing was done to determine the strength of fettuccine and different glues. Five bridge designs were analyzed and tested for load capacity, with the best design using a reinforced central Waddell "A" truss configuration supporting over 4.8kg.
The document is a report on analyzing and testing fettuccine truss bridges. It details the group's process of conducting precedent studies on real truss bridges, testing the strength of fettuccine material, designing and building multiple bridge models through trial and error, and analyzing why the bridges failed under loading. The goal was to design a fettuccine truss bridge that meets requirements of spanning 350mm with less than 80g weight and understanding force distribution in the truss.
1) Cable-stayed bridges have the deck supported by cables running directly from the deck to towers. They are economical for long spans over 100 meters, especially where access is restricted.
2) Construction involves building cofferdams and installing piles and rebar cages for foundations before constructing the tower and deck segments, which are placed using temporary cables.
3) Permanent cables made of strands coated in plastic and resin are installed by forcing them through pipes to saddles in the tower and stressed using hydraulic jacks on both sides.
This document provides information about truss bridges, including their history, types, and design principles. It discusses the evolution of bridge construction from natural bridges to modern designs. Key truss designs discussed include the Kingpost, Queenpost, Howe, Pratt, and Warren trusses. The document also covers truss components, optimal truss geometry, design of compression/tension members, and design of vertical and diagonal members. Overall, the document provides a technical overview of truss bridge design and the various truss configurations used in steel bridges.
This document provides information about the design of a composite deck bridge. It includes an abstract describing the key components of a composite deck bridge. The introduction defines different bridge types. The main body describes the structural components of a composite deck bridge, including the RC slab, steel girders, and shear connectors. It outlines the design procedure and provides literature references. The conclusion indicates that site data will be collected and a composite deck bridge will be analyzed and designed using MIDAS software.
This document discusses the use of prefabricated structural steel girders with composite reinforced concrete deck slabs for the construction of urban flyovers. Some key advantages of this system include reduced girder weights which allows for transportation and erection with smaller equipment, and the ability to construct longer obligatory spans by splicing shorter girder units together on site. Several deck systems are presented, including plate girders with cross diaphragms and cast-in-place slabs. The document concludes that while less common in India due to cost and maintenance needs, prefabricated steel girder systems can offer construction benefits for narrow urban sites.
This document provides an overview of bridge construction techniques, including:
- The main components of bridges such as the superstructure, bearings, substructure, piers, abutments, and foundation.
- Different types of bridges based on flexibility, form of superstructure, and materials used.
- Different foundation types including shallow foundations like spread and raft foundations, and deep foundations like piles, caissons, and wells.
- Techniques for constructing foundations including box caissons and open caissons.
This document discusses different types of bridges used in hilly areas. It begins by introducing bridges and their variations in design. It then covers the history of bridge development and discusses common bridge materials like wood, steel, reinforced concrete, and prestressed concrete. The document outlines challenges to bridge construction in hilly areas such as deep gorges, rivers, extreme climates, landslides, earthquakes, and soil variations. It also discusses bridge foundations and substructures. The main types of hilly area bridges covered are beam, truss, cantilever, arch, tied arch, suspension, and cable-stayed bridges. Arch bridges are identified as handling higher loads better than other bridge types.
STATIC AND DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF CABLE-STAYED SUSPENSION HYBRID BRIDGE & VALIDA...IAEME Publication
The requirement of long span bridge is increase with development of infrastructure facility in every nation. Long span bridge could be achieved with use of high strength materials and innovative techniques for analysis of bridge. Generally, cable supported bridges comprise both suspension and cable-stayed bridge. Cable supported bridges are very flexible in behavior. These flexible systems are susceptible to the dynamic effects of wind and earthquake loads. The cable-stayed bridge could provide more rigidity due to presence of tensed cable stays as a force resistance element. The suspension bridge could assigned more span in the field of bridge. So, combination of above two structural system the innovative form of cable-stayed suspension hybrid bridge could be the better option to provide more span. Here, attempt is made to analyse long span cable-stayed suspension hybrid bridge. The literature survey on the topic of analysis of cable-stayed suspension hybrid bridge is presented in the current paper. Modeling of cable-stayed suspension hybrid bridge in SAP2000 software and its validation is carried out. The nonlinear static analysis and modal time history analysis of cable-stayed suspension hybrid bridge is carried out in SAP2000 software. The time period of bridge for different mode shape is presented to compare the result of research paper with Sap 2000 software.
A bridge is a structure built over an obstacle like a body of water or valley to allow crossing. It must support its own and traffic loads. Bridges are classified by material, structure type, construction method, and function. Common types include beam, girder, arch, truss, suspension, and cable-stayed bridges. Selection depends on span length, site conditions, cost, construction speed, and aesthetics. Proper investigation of soil, stream conditions, and alternatives is needed to select the best bridge site.
The document discusses inspection and maintenance of reinforced concrete and steel bridges. It describes the importance of regular bridge inspection using various instrumentation to detect cracks, corrosion, and other issues. Bridges require maintenance to address damage over time from factors like weather, traffic loads, and corrosion. Common repairs include replacing expansion joints, repairing cracks, and addressing structural issues. Proper inspection and maintenance are needed to preserve bridge integrity and safety.
The document discusses several infrastructure projects in the UK involving bridge and retaining wall design. It provides details on the structural elements designed, software used, design codes followed, and roles and responsibilities on each project. The projects included bridge assessments, refurbishments, and new designs incorporating concrete, steel, timber and prestressed structures. Design activities involved load calculations, 3D modeling, temporary works planning and site supervision.
Assessing and constructing a cost effective bridge replacement christopher si...mecocca5
Precast components are fabricated in a controlled plant environment allowing for increased quality control. Other benefits include expedited installation minimizing field construction time and associated costs as well as minimal environmental impacts from construction activities.
SynTerra / US Bridge Presentation (10 24 11)dgonano
The document discusses the advantages of using pre-fabricated truss bridges for two bridge replacement projects in South Carolina. It notes that pre-fabricated truss bridges have a shallower structure depth, require less construction activity within railroad rights-of-way, and provide significant cost savings compared to traditional bridge options. The document provides details on the design, fabrication, and construction process for the pre-fabricated truss bridges.
This document provides an overview of precast prestressed hollowcore slabs. It discusses the benefits of hollowcore slabs such as longer clear spans, faster construction time, and improved structural performance from reduced weight. Hollowcore slabs come in various depths from 8 to 14 inches to match loading and span requirements. Examples are given of projects in British Columbia that used hollowcore slabs, including many Real Canadian Superstore locations, the Richmond Speed Skating Oval, and the Uptown Mall in Victoria. The document concludes with a discussion of different structural systems that can be used with hollowcore slabs, such as cast-in-place slabs, steel frames, and precast frames.
First Use Of Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil – Integrated Bridge System in Il...thomas-engineering
This document discusses the first use of a geosynthetic reinforced soil integrated bridge system (GRS-IBS) in Illinois for the Great Western Trail project in Lombard. Key points:
- GRS-IBS uses alternating layers of compacted soil and geosynthetic fabric for the walls and foundation of a bridge abutment, replacing traditional methods using piles and MSE walls.
- For this project, large modular concrete blocks were used instead of cheaper CMU blocks, making construction more difficult and expensive than typical GRS-IBS projects.
- Construction is underway and proceeding well. FHWA is monitoring the project to study wall movement over the next two years.
- While more expensive
MODERN CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGIES IN ENGINEERING PERSPECTIVEDr K M SONI
Modern construction technologies provide advantages like faster construction, higher quality, environmental benefits, and ability to overcome lack of skilled workers. Technologies discussed include prefabricated buildings, tunnel formwork, jump formwork, reinforced soil, trenchless techniques, 3D printing, robotics, and more. While technologies increase speed and quality, some have limitations like limited architectural features, difficulty modifying structures, and higher initial costs. Overall, modern techniques can help qualify projects for sustainability and efficiency if the appropriate technology is selected for each project's unique requirements.
This document summarizes the winners of the 2006 NSBA/AISC Prize Bridge Competition. It describes seven winning bridge projects in the categories of Major Span (Gateway Boulevard Bridge), Long Span (Appalachian Corridor H), Medium Span (Croton Dam Spillway Bridge), Short Span (Germantown Avenue Bridge), Movable Span (Col. Patrick O'Rourke Bridge), Special Purpose (Liberty Bridge), and Reconstructed (Red Cliff Arch). It provides details on the owners, designers, fabricators, and notable aspects of design and construction for each winning project.
This document discusses segmental bridge technology and its evolution over the past 30 years in the United States. Segmental bridges are constructed using repetitive precast concrete elements connected together progressively. The document outlines various segmental bridge construction methods including span-by-span, balanced cantilever, and incremental launch. It also discusses design considerations like post-tensioning arrangements, construction engineering, precasting yard operations, and examples of segmental bridge projects constructed using different methods. The technology continues to evolve with design principles providing economic and durable bridges.
Oldcastle Precast Spokane - Urban Modular Construction - The Grand HotelBlake Johnson
The document discusses a modular construction project by Oldcastle Precast to build the Davenport Grand Hotel using over 4,500 precast concrete pieces. Key elements were cast in place, like footings, shear walls, and topping slabs, while modular precast construction was used for columns, beams, flooring, wall panels, stair towers, and more. This accelerated method allowed the hotel to be completed in just 2 years, providing large open spaces, high efficiency, and reduced costs for the owner.
ABC in Nebraska: Belden to Laurel BridgeJill Reeves
This document summarizes the replacement of the Belden-Laurel Bridge in Nebraska using accelerated bridge construction (ABC) techniques. The old 3-span steel girder bridge from 1938 was deteriorating and in need of replacement. The new single-span bridge features precast concrete girders, deck panels, abutment caps, wing walls, and approach slabs that were assembled on site to replace the bridge over a weekend, minimizing road closure time. The precast elements were connected using self-consolidating concrete, ultra-high performance concrete, and high-early strength concrete to accelerate construction.
This document summarizes a seminar presentation on box pushing technology. Box pushing technology involves prefabricating concrete box segments and pushing them underground using hydraulic jacks to form tunnels, culverts, and other underground structures with minimal excavation. The presentation covers the objectives of box pushing, key components of the process, construction steps, advantages over conventional excavation methods, safety measures, environmental benefits, and future trends in the technology. Box pushing allows for faster, less disruptive, and more cost-effective construction of underground infrastructure compared to traditional excavation methods.
The document summarizes a regional engineering meeting about the West LRT project in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. The project involves constructing approximately 5 miles of light rail line with 6 stations, some at grade and some below or above grade. It will provide access to downtown Calgary and add to the existing light rail system. EFCO equipment like EZ Deck forms are being used on the project, which is experiencing challenges from its design-build approach and contractor errors requiring rework. The project is on schedule to open in 2012 despite EFCO equipment being used for 16 months total, 6 months longer than originally planned.
As part of the keynote panel at the 2014 CTR Symposium, Dr. Jirsa discussed 50 years of significant accomplishments at the Ferguson Structural Engineering Laboratory at the University of Texas at Austin.
The document summarizes the construction of a new gas turbine testing facility for Mitsubishi Power Systems America (MPSA) near Savannah, Georgia. The 116-acre facility includes over 440,000 square feet of manufacturing space spread across five bays and a 20,000 square foot turbine balancing and testing facility called the Balance Bunker, which uses over 1,500 tons of structural steel. On average, each of the five manufacturing bays took ten months to construct. A key component was the Balance Bunker, which features 7-foot thick bunker walls and a 400-ton steel door to maintain a near-absolute vacuum for turbine balancing and testing. Nearly 6,100 tons of structural steel were used
The document summarizes a technical seminar presentation on Accelerated Bridge Construction techniques. It discusses how ABC uses innovative methods to reduce mobility impacts during bridge replacement or rehabilitation. Key benefits of ABC include improved constructability, reduced construction time, higher quality materials, and increased work zone safety. The presentation outlines various prefabricated bridge elements and structural placement methods used in ABC, such as full depth and partial depth precast bridge decks, precast pier elements, spread footings, pile caps, and precast pier box cofferdams. Placement methods covered include horizontal skidding, use of self-propelled modular transporters, longitudinal launching, and heavy lifting equipment.
The document provides details about three case studies involving cast-in-place concrete construction:
The first case study describes the construction of a bridge over the Iowa River using launching methods to avoid environmental impacts. Segments were precast and then launched into place from behind an abutment.
The second case study discusses the Stoney Trail Bridge in Calgary, the second incrementally launched concrete bridge built in North America. Its 19 segments were cast on one bank and then jacked horizontally into position atop 30m high piers.
The third case study gives structural details of a bridge with a 102m main span constructed using curved, post-tensioned segmental concrete placed by lifting and sliding segments with hydraulic jacks
This document summarizes a seminar presentation on stress ribbon bridges. It defines a stress ribbon bridge as a tension structure similar to a simple suspension bridge, where the suspension cables are embedded in the deck which follows a catenary arc between supports. This provides stiffness to prevent excessive swaying. Such bridges use pre-tensioned concrete reinforced by steel cables. The document outlines the history and theory behind stress ribbon bridges, describes their construction process, and provides examples of existing stress ribbon bridges along with their advantages and disadvantages.
The document discusses stress ribbon bridges, which are a type of suspension bridge where cables are embedded in the deck below the walking surface. Stress ribbon bridges follow a catenary profile and transmit loads via tension in the sagging deck to anchored abutments. The document outlines the history, form, construction techniques, applications, advantages, and recent advances of stress ribbon bridges. Stress ribbon bridges are economically efficient, aesthetically pleasing, require minimal maintenance, and can be erected without falsework.
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Ralls ncc meeting-san_antonio_04-01-09
1. Accelerating Bridge
Construction
– Modular, SPMT
by
Mary Lou Ralls, P.E., Ralls Newman, LLC
National Concrete Consortium (NCC) Meeting
San Antonio, Texas
April 1, 2009
2. Terminology
• Accelerated Bridge Construction =
ABC
• Modular = Prefabricated Bridge
Elements & Systems = PBES =
Prefab Bridges
• SPMT = Self-Propelled Modular
Transporters
3. Presentation Outline
• What is ABC?
• Types of ABC Projects
– Contractor-driven Projects
– Owner-driven Projects
• Projects to advance technology
• Projects that couldn’t be done
conventionally
• Needs & Available Resources
4. Accelerated Bridge Construction
• Replacement or new construction
• Uses innovative planning, design,
and/or construction methods & high
performance materials
• Reduces typical construction time
• Maintains or enhances quality
• Reduces traffic disruption
• Increases work-zone safety
• Produces cost-effective, long-lasting
bridges with early openings
5. Prefabricated Bridges
• One ABC method
• Modular bridge elements or systems, or
entire bridges, built at offsite locations
• Controlled offsite environment assures
quality construction
• Transported to site & quickly installed, e.g.,
– Girders & partial-depth deck panels
– Full-depth precast deck panels
– Superstructure systems
– Substructure systems
– Totally prefabricated bridges
6. Accelerated Bridge Construction
by Use of High Performance Materials
conventional 0.5-inch diameter strands 0.6-inch diameter strands
& normal-strength concrete & high-strength HPC concrete
7 conventional beams 4 HPC beams
Span No. 1 Span No. 1
North Concho Westbound Mainlanes North Concho Eastbound Mainlanes
San Angelo, Texas San Angelo, Texas
7. Presentation Outline
• What is ABC?
Types of ABC Projects
Contractor-driven Projects
– Owner-driven Projects
• Projects to advance technology
• Projects that couldn’t be done
conventionally
• Needs & Available Resources
8. Colorado DOT SH 86 over Mitchell
Gulch Bridge Replacement - 2002
40-ft long, 43-ft wide
single-span bridge
replaced over a
weekend
No impact to
peak-hour traffic
9. Colorado DOT SH 86 over Mitchell
Gulch Bridge Replacement - 2002
• Costs:
• $365K low bid for conventional construction
vs.engineer’s estimate of $394K (7% savings)
• After award, Contractor proposed no-cost
change to prefabricate the entire bridge
• Benefits:
• 46-hr closure over a weekend (vs. 2-3 months)
• No impact to peak-hour traffic
• Improved safety
• Delay-related user cost savings of $500/hour
10. TxDOT SH 66 over Lake Ray
Hubbard Bridge – 2003
Bridge replacement
with 43 identical
precast bent caps
215 fewer days of
onsite construction
11. TxDOT SH 66 over Lake Ray
Hubbard Bridge – 2003
• Costs:
• $41M low bid for conventional construction vs.
engineer’s estimate of $48M (15% savings)
• After award, Contractor proposed no-cost
change to precast bent caps
• Benefits:
• Completed 215 days earlier than conventional
construction
• Improved worker safety
• Used 35% GGBFS for improved durability
12. Contractor-driven ABC Projects –
Tendencies
• On time (accelerated onsite
construction)
• Typically under budget (awarded bid
less than engineer’s estimate)
• Successful
13. Presentation Outline
• What is ABC?
Types of ABC Projects
– Contractor-driven Projects
Owner-driven Projects
Projects to advance technology
• Projects that couldn’t be done
conventionally
• Needs & Available Resources
14. FDOT Graves Avenue over I-4
Bridge Replacement - 2006
143-ft long, 59-ft wide
1,300-ton replacement
spans built in adjacent
staging area
Half-hour rolling roadblocks
on I-4 to remove 71-ft long,
30-ft wide, 250-ton spans
15. GRAVES AVENUE BRIDGE
Old bridge New bridge
215-ft long, 30-ft wide 286-ft long, 59-ft wide
4 spans: 37’–70.5’–70.5’–37’ 2 spans: 143’–143’
AASHTO Type III beams Florida 78” Bulb-T beams
250 tons per 70.5-ft span 1,300 tons per span
Two 6-axle SPMTs Eight 6-axle SPMTs
17. FDOT Graves Avenue over I-4
Bridge Replacement - 2006
Each new span
installed in few
hours overnight
I-4 closed two
partial nights
for installations
18. FDOT Graves Avenue over I-4
Bridge Replacement - 2006
• Costs:
• Supplemental Agreement for Change Order to
existing contract – $570,000
• Benefits:
• Graves Avenue detour from 12 to 8 months, in
time for start of school
• I-4 lane closures from 32 nights to 4 nights
• Delay-related user cost savings of $2.2M
19. Mill Street Bridge over Lamprey
River, New Hampshire – 2004
Totally prefabricated
bridge, erected in
8 days
Placing spread footing segments
Prefabricated HPC
Substructure:
10 footing segments
11 abutment and
wingwall segments
20. Precast reinforced concrete substructure
after erection, prior to placing backfill Mill Street
Bridge over
Lamprey
River
– 2004
Prefabricated HPC
Superstructure:
7 pretensioned box
beams, each 115-ft
long x 4-ft wide
x 3-ft deep Erection of pretensioned
4 pilasters concrete box beams
21. Mill Street Bridge over Lamprey
River, New Hampshire – 2004
• Costs:
• Total bridge cost = $806,000 vs. $755,000
estimate for conventional construction (8%
increase)
• Benefits:
• 8 days to erect bridge
• 2-month closure (vs. 5 months)
• 75-yr life for plant-produced HPC components
• Standardization of precast components
23. Precast pre-topped U-Beams were erected
near site, then top slab & outside curbs
were cast Loop 340
Bridge over
I-35, Texas
– 2007
104 pre-topped
pretensioned
concrete
Type PTU-34
Longitudinal & transverse
beams closure joints were constructed after
beams were erected in final location
24. Precast column shells were cast
near site and quickly erected onsite
Loop 340
Bridge over
I-35, Texas
– 2007
Final structure
4 four-span
bridges over I-35,
each 115 ft long;
total superstructure
depth = 38 inches
25. Loop 340 Bridges over I-35 near
Waco, Texas – 2007
• Costs:
• $86 per sq ft vs. $62 per sq ft conventional
• Benefits:
• Minimized impact to I-35 traffic (1-2 spans
erected per night in the only I-35 closures)
• Minimized environmental impact
• Improved aesthetics with precast concrete
• Standardization of precast components &
process
26. Full-depth deck panel fabrication bed
showing blockouts prior to casting
Live Oak
Creek Bridge,
Texas – 2008
Deck panels being erected at site,
showing blockouts for shear studs
& transverse connection rebar
Panels designed
per NCHRP 12-65,
“Full-Depth, Precast-
Concrete Deck Panel
Systems” – no post-
tensioning or overlay
27. Erection of deck panels over shear studs
on beams
Live Oak
Creek Bridge,
Texas - 2008
Panels after erection on
700-ft long, 32-ft wide
bridge
86 full-depth,
full-width deck
panels, totaling
22,400 sq ft
28. Live Oak Creek Bridge,
Texas – 2008
• Costs:
• $121 per sq ft deck area
• Benefits:
• Precast panels provided quality deck for this
bridge with limited access to batch plants (75
miles from nearest plant)
• Rapid onsite construction
• Implemented research that advanced precast
deck technology
29. Owner-driven ABC Projects to
Advance Technology –
Tendencies
• Significant onsite construction time
reduction
• Construction cost typically higher for
1st use
• Successful
• Significant technology advancement
30. Presentation Outline
• What is ABC?
Types of ABC Projects
– Contractor-driven Projects
Owner-driven Projects
• Projects to advance technology
Projects that couldn’t be done
conventionally
• Needs & Available Resources
31. LaDOTD I-10 over LA 35
Bridge Span
Replacements - 2006
I-10 East over LA 35
Span Installation
I-10 East over LA 35
Span Removal
Half hour to move
in SPMTs for
removal to final
setting of new
I-10 East span
32. LaDOTD I-10 over LA 35
Bridge Span
Replacements - 2006
I-10 West over LA 35
Span Installation
I-10 West over LA 35
Span Removal
Same process
two nights later
for I-10 West
removal &
installation
33. LaDOTD I-10 over LA 35 Bridge
Span Replacements - 2006
• Costs:
• Emergency contract for $1M for 2 spans
• Included $130,000 for SPMT subcontractor
• Benefits:
• I-10 detour less than 10 hours for removal &
replacement
• Delay-related user cost savings – $$$$
34. NJDOT Rt. 1 over Olden/Mulberry
Span Replacements – 2005
New Jersey’s
1st Hyperbuild
Project
Elevation of new Route 1 Bridges
over Mulberry Street
Replaced 3 spans
in 3 weekends
35. NJDOT Rt. 1 over Olden/Mulberry
Span Replacements – 2005
• Costs:
• $3.5M low bid compared to engineer’s estimate
of $3.8M (8% savings)
• Benefits:
• Each bridge opened in less than 57 hours
• 3 spans over 3 weekends (6 days vs. 22 mo.)
• No impact to peak-hour traffic
• Anticipated 75-100 year life (vs. 50 years)
• $2M design/construction savings incl. user cost
36. Belt Parkway Bridge over Ocean Parkway,
New York City (Brooklyn) – 2004
Reconstructed Interchange
Existing Interchange
37. NYCDOT Belt Pkwy. over Ocean
Pkwy. Bridge Replacement - 2004
2-span, 149-ft long,
78-ft wide bridge to
3-span, 221-ft long,
134-ft wide bridge
No lane closures
during peak-hour
traffic
38. NYCDOT Belt Pkwy. over Ocean
Pkwy. Bridge Replacement - 2004
• Costs:
• $55.5M “best value” D-B award compared to
engineer’s estimate of $60.0M (8% savings);
1/3 for bridge
• Benefits:
• 256 days of site impact (vs. + 300 for low bid)
• No lane closures during peak-hour traffic
• 75-100 year life (vs. 45 years)
• Delay-related user cost savings of $25M
39. TxDOT I-45 Pierce Elevated
Bridge Replacement – 1997
226 spans with prefabricated
bent caps & partial-depth
deck panels
40. TxDOT I-45 Pierce Elevated
Bridge Replacement – 1997
• Costs:
• $26.1M low bid compared to engineer’s
estimate of $29.4M (11% savings)
• Avg. cost = $13.66/sq ft deck area (46% of
$30/sq ft 1996 cost for new construction)
• $200,000 for advance notice to public
• Benefits:
• 226 spans replaced in 190 days vs. 1.5 years
• Delay-related user cost savings
• $100,000 per day x (548-190 days) = $36M
41. UDOT 4500 South over I-215E
Bridge Replacement - 2007
removal 4-lane, 173-ft long,
1,750 ton span
installed over
weekend
installation
with no
impact to
rush-hour
traffic
42. UDOT 4500 South over I-215E
Bridge Replacement - 2007
• Costs:
• Additional $900,000 for use of SPMTs
• Benefits:
• I-215E closed 53 hours over a weekend
(versus 6-month conventional construction)
• 4500 South Bridge closed 10 days
• Delay-related user cost savings of $4.3M
43. I-80 State Street to 1300 East
Multiple Structures, Salt Lake City
June-July 2008 SPMT Bridge Moves in Program of Projects:
I-80W over Highland Drive I-80W over 500 East Street
I-80W over 900 East Street I-80W over 300 East Street
I-80W over 700 East Street I-80W 600 East Ramp Bridge
I-80W over 600 East Street
46. 2009 Utah DOT
SPMT Bridge Moves
Location Method
Riverdale Road over I-84, Riverdale Sliding/SPMT
SR-26; Riverdale Road over I-15 at Interchange Sliding/SPMT
I-80 EB @ 2500 So. & 2300 E., SLC SPMT
I-80 WB @ 2500 So. & 2300 E., SLC SPMT
I-80 EB @ Echo JCT. Interchange Possible SPMT
I-80 WB @ Echo JCT. Interchange Possible SPMT
I-80 EB @ Echo Interchange Possible SPMT
I-80 WB @ Echo Interchange Possible SPMT
SR-24 Freemont River Oxbow Restoration (2 bridges) Sliding/SPMT
I-70 Wildlife Crossing Possible SPMT
47. WSDOT SR 433 Lewis & Clark
Bridge Deck Replacement – 2003
Replaced 3900 ft of deck
with no impact to peak-hour
traffic
103 full-width
full-depth precast
concrete panels
48. WSDOT SR 433 Lewis & Clark
Bridge Deck Replacement – 2003
• Costs:
• $18M low bid compared to engineer’s estimate
of $28M (38% savings)
• Benefits:
• Closure of 124 nights plus 3 weekends (vs. 4
years)
• No impact to peak-hour traffic
• Delay-related user cost savings – $$$$
49. Owner-driven ABC Projects that
Can’t Be Done Conventionally –
Tendencies
• Rapid onsite construction
• Typically under budget (awarded bid less
than engineer’s estimate)
• Successful
• ABC required due to high traffic volume
• No impact to rush-hour traffic
• Significant delay-related user cost savings
50. Presentation Outline
• What is ABC?
• Types of ABC Projects
– Contractor-driven Projects
– Owner-driven Projects
• Projects to advance technology
• Projects that couldn’t be done
conventionally
Needs & Available Resources
51. Proposed Research Project:
National Model for ABC vs.
Conventional Construction Costs
• Framework for classifying ABC project
types, e.g., emergency projects, public
safety projects
• Breakdown of all project cost impacts
(direct & indirect) into specific
categories
• Include national delay-related user
cost model
52. Proposed Research Projects:
Prefabricated Component
Connections for Seismic Regions
• 37 States have moderate to high seismic
regions
• NCHRP 12-74, Seismic Precast Bent Caps
• Bridge precast substructure cap-to-column
and column-to-foundation connection
details
• Caltrans and WSDOT taking the lead in
AASHTO / TRB / FHWA collaboration
53. For Effective ABC Implementation
• Make ABC standard practice, not
just project-specific
– Shows owner’s commitment to future
use
– Reduces costs with multiple use
• Example: Utah DOT – transitioning
to ABC as standard practice for
projects as appropriate
54. Available ABC Resources
• http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/bridge/prefab
– Completed projects with contacts
– Framework for Prefabricated Bridge Elements
and Systems (PBES) Decision-Making
– Manual on Use of Self-Propelled Modular
Transporters to Remove and Replace Bridges
– Coming Soon: Connection Details Manual
• http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/HfL
• FHWA Prefabricated Bridge Elements &
Systems (PBES) Toolkit DVD
55. AASHTO Technology
Implementation Group (TIG)
Lead States Team for Use of Self-
Propelled Modular Transporters
(SPMTs) to Remove & Install Bridges
• Created in 2007 to promote nationwide use
of SPMTs to move bridges
• Provides technical assistance to bridge
owners
• Developing guidance:
– Applications
– Contract specifications
56. AASHTO Technology Implementation Group
(TIG) SPMT Lead State Team Members
Florida Utah
Tom Andres (Chair) Jim McMinimee
(850) 414-4269 (801) 965-4022
thomas.andres@dot.state.fl.us jmcminimee@utah.gov
Rhode Island Leware Construction Co.
David Fish Keith Waugh
(401) 222-2053, x 4022 (352) 787-1616
dfish@dot.ri.gov kwaugh@lewarecc.com
Louisiana Mammoet
Hossein Ghara Bill Halsband
(225) 379-1302 (281) 369-2200
hghara@dotd.la.gov bill.halsband@mammoet.com
Washington Bridge Consultant
Jugesh Kapur Mary Lou Ralls
(360) 705-7207 (512) 422-9080
kapurju@wsdot.wa.gov ralls-newman@sbcglobal.net
www.aashtotig.org, click SPMT
57. National Highway Institute (NHI) Course
# 134073, “Leap Not Creep:
Accelerating Innovation Implementation”
• Piloted December 2008
• 2.5-hr web-conference, followed by 2-day
instructor-led course
• Provides structured approach to
implementing an innovation
• Students develop an Implementation Plan
– Marketing
– Commercialization, if needed
– Integration
58. Implementation of
Accelerated Bridge
Construction helps
transportation agencies
achieve their Mission
To efficiently & effectively move
people, goods & services