Radial dysplasia, also known as radial club hand or radial longitudinal deficiency, is a congenital difference occurring in a longitudinal direction resulting in radial deviation of the wrist and shortening of the forearm
Radial dysplasia, also known as radial club hand or radial longitudinal deficiency, is a congenital difference occurring in a longitudinal direction resulting in radial deviation of the wrist and shortening of the forearm.
Radial dysplasia, also known as radial club hand or radial longitudinal deficiency, is a congenital difference occurring in a longitudinal direction resulting in radial deviation of the wrist and shortening of the forearm.
Apresentação sobre deformidades no pulso devido a Exostoses multiplas hereditárias.
Apresentação feita pelo Dr. Jeff Auyeung, cirurgião consultor do Hospital Universitário de North Dunham.
MADELUNG
AND MULTIPLE EXOSTOSES
Jeff Auyeung
Consultant Hand Surgeon
University Hospital of North Durham
Radial dysplasia, also known as radial club hand or radial longitudinal deficiency, is a congenital difference occurring in a longitudinal direction resulting in radial deviation of the wrist and shortening of the forearm.
Radial dysplasia, also known as radial club hand or radial longitudinal deficiency, is a congenital difference occurring in a longitudinal direction resulting in radial deviation of the wrist and shortening of the forearm.
Apresentação sobre deformidades no pulso devido a Exostoses multiplas hereditárias.
Apresentação feita pelo Dr. Jeff Auyeung, cirurgião consultor do Hospital Universitário de North Dunham.
MADELUNG
AND MULTIPLE EXOSTOSES
Jeff Auyeung
Consultant Hand Surgeon
University Hospital of North Durham
i present this lovely topic at Notional Guard Hospital in Al-Ahsa in the Orthopedic department.
hope you enjoy
Fahad Al Hulaibi
Orthopedic Resident
NGH-A
i present this lovely topic at Notional Guard Hospital in Al-Ahsa in the Orthopedic department.
hope you enjoy
Fahad Al Hulaibi
Orthopedic Resident
NGH-A
Madelung deformity is an abnormality of the palmar ulnar part of the distal radial physis in which progressive ulnar and volar tilt develops at the distal radial articular surface, with dorsal subluxation of the distal ulna.
Do it-yourself-paeds-ortho (Paediatric Orthopaedics for beginners)Jonathan Cheah
This is a powerpoint developed by the consultants from the mater children's hospital brisbane emergency department (which has now amalgamated with the royal children's hospital to create the brand new Lady Cilento Children's Hospital LCCH)
This is ideal for medical students/ residents to use to learn paediatrics orthopaedics.
Easy and fun to go through.
this is a complete and comprehensive presentation on the congenital hand anomalies. An important object in the field of plastic and reconstructive surgery
In many fetal skeletal dysplasias ,the skin and s/c tissue continues to grow at a rate proportionately greater than the long bones resulting in relatively thickened skin folds (on occasion mistaken for hydrops fetalis ) .
Polyhydraminos –common .cause –variable combination of the following –oesophageal compression by the small chest ,GI abnormalities ,micrognathia ,or hypotonia .
Recurrent posterior shoulder instability is an uncommon condition. It is often unrecognized, leading to incorrect diagnoses, delays in diagnosis, and even missed diagnoses. Posterior instability encompasses a wide spectrum of pathology, ranging from unidirectional posterior subluxation to multidirectional instability to locked posterior dislocations. Nonsurgical treatment of posterior shoulder instability is successful in most cases; however, surgical intervention is indicated when conservative treatment fails. For optimal results, the surgeon must accurately define the pattern of instability and address all soft-tissue and bony injuries present at the time of surgery. Arthroscopic treatment of posterior shoulder instability has increased application, and a variety of techniques has been described to manage posterior glenohumeral instability related to posterior capsulolabral injury. For more shoulder surgery and shoulder instability studies, visit Dr. Millett, The Steadman Clinic, Vail Colorado http://drmillett.com/shoulder-studies
CHAPTER 1 SEMESTER V - ROLE OF PEADIATRIC NURSE.pdfSachin Sharma
Pediatric nurses play a vital role in the health and well-being of children. Their responsibilities are wide-ranging, and their objectives can be categorized into several key areas:
1. Direct Patient Care:
Objective: Provide comprehensive and compassionate care to infants, children, and adolescents in various healthcare settings (hospitals, clinics, etc.).
This includes tasks like:
Monitoring vital signs and physical condition.
Administering medications and treatments.
Performing procedures as directed by doctors.
Assisting with daily living activities (bathing, feeding).
Providing emotional support and pain management.
2. Health Promotion and Education:
Objective: Promote healthy behaviors and educate children, families, and communities about preventive healthcare.
This includes tasks like:
Administering vaccinations.
Providing education on nutrition, hygiene, and development.
Offering breastfeeding and childbirth support.
Counseling families on safety and injury prevention.
3. Collaboration and Advocacy:
Objective: Collaborate effectively with doctors, social workers, therapists, and other healthcare professionals to ensure coordinated care for children.
Objective: Advocate for the rights and best interests of their patients, especially when children cannot speak for themselves.
This includes tasks like:
Communicating effectively with healthcare teams.
Identifying and addressing potential risks to child welfare.
Educating families about their child's condition and treatment options.
4. Professional Development and Research:
Objective: Stay up-to-date on the latest advancements in pediatric healthcare through continuing education and research.
Objective: Contribute to improving the quality of care for children by participating in research initiatives.
This includes tasks like:
Attending workshops and conferences on pediatric nursing.
Participating in clinical trials related to child health.
Implementing evidence-based practices into their daily routines.
By fulfilling these objectives, pediatric nurses play a crucial role in ensuring the optimal health and well-being of children throughout all stages of their development.
Defecation
Normal defecation begins with movement in the left colon, moving stool toward the anus. When stool reaches the rectum, the distention causes relaxation of the internal sphincter and an awareness of the need to defecate. At the time of defecation, the external sphincter relaxes, and abdominal muscles contract, increasing intrarectal pressure and forcing the stool out
The Valsalva maneuver exerts pressure to expel faeces through a voluntary contraction of the abdominal muscles while maintaining forced expiration against a closed airway. Patients with cardiovascular disease, glaucoma, increased intracranial pressure, or a new surgical wound are at greater risk for cardiac dysrhythmias and elevated blood pressure with the Valsalva maneuver and need to avoid straining to pass the stool.
Normal defecation is painless, resulting in passage of soft, formed stool
CONSTIPATION
Constipation is a symptom, not a disease. Improper diet, reduced fluid intake, lack of exercise, and certain medications can cause constipation. For example, patients receiving opiates for pain after surgery often require a stool softener or laxative to prevent constipation. The signs of constipation include infrequent bowel movements (less than every 3 days), difficulty passing stools, excessive straining, inability to defecate at will, and hard feaces
IMPACTION
Fecal impaction results from unrelieved constipation. It is a collection of hardened feces wedged in the rectum that a person cannot expel. In cases of severe impaction the mass extends up into the sigmoid colon.
DIARRHEA
Diarrhea is an increase in the number of stools and the passage of liquid, unformed feces. It is associated with disorders affecting digestion, absorption, and secretion in the GI tract. Intestinal contents pass through the small and large intestine too quickly to allow for the usual absorption of fluid and nutrients. Irritation within the colon results in increased mucus secretion. As a result, feces become watery, and the patient is unable to control the urge to defecate. Normally an anal bag is safe and effective in long-term treatment of patients with fecal incontinence at home, in hospice, or in the hospital. Fecal incontinence is expensive and a potentially dangerous condition in terms of contamination and risk of skin ulceration
HEMORRHOIDS
Hemorrhoids are dilated, engorged veins in the lining of the rectum. They are either external or internal.
FLATULENCE
As gas accumulates in the lumen of the intestines, the bowel wall stretches and distends (flatulence). It is a common cause of abdominal fullness, pain, and cramping. Normally intestinal gas escapes through the mouth (belching) or the anus (passing of flatus)
FECAL INCONTINENCE
Fecal incontinence is the inability to control passage of feces and gas from the anus. Incontinence harms a patient’s body image
PREPARATION AND GIVING OF LAXATIVESACCORDING TO POTTER AND PERRY,
An enema is the instillation of a solution into the rectum and sig
Explore our infographic on 'Essential Metrics for Palliative Care Management' which highlights key performance indicators crucial for enhancing the quality and efficiency of palliative care services.
This visual guide breaks down important metrics across four categories: Patient-Centered Metrics, Care Efficiency Metrics, Quality of Life Metrics, and Staff Metrics. Each section is designed to help healthcare professionals monitor and improve care delivery for patients facing serious illnesses. Understand how to implement these metrics in your palliative care practices for better outcomes and higher satisfaction levels.
CHAPTER 1 SEMESTER V PREVENTIVE-PEDIATRICS.pdfSachin Sharma
This content provides an overview of preventive pediatrics. It defines preventive pediatrics as preventing disease and promoting children's physical, mental, and social well-being to achieve positive health. It discusses antenatal, postnatal, and social preventive pediatrics. It also covers various child health programs like immunization, breastfeeding, ICDS, and the roles of organizations like WHO, UNICEF, and nurses in preventive pediatrics.
Medical Technology Tackles New Health Care Demand - Research Report - March 2...pchutichetpong
M Capital Group (“MCG”) predicts that with, against, despite, and even without the global pandemic, the medical technology (MedTech) industry shows signs of continuous healthy growth, driven by smaller, faster, and cheaper devices, growing demand for home-based applications, technological innovation, strategic acquisitions, investments, and SPAC listings. MCG predicts that this should reflects itself in annual growth of over 6%, well beyond 2028.
According to Chris Mouchabhani, Managing Partner at M Capital Group, “Despite all economic scenarios that one may consider, beyond overall economic shocks, medical technology should remain one of the most promising and robust sectors over the short to medium term and well beyond 2028.”
There is a movement towards home-based care for the elderly, next generation scanning and MRI devices, wearable technology, artificial intelligence incorporation, and online connectivity. Experts also see a focus on predictive, preventive, personalized, participatory, and precision medicine, with rising levels of integration of home care and technological innovation.
The average cost of treatment has been rising across the board, creating additional financial burdens to governments, healthcare providers and insurance companies. According to MCG, cost-per-inpatient-stay in the United States alone rose on average annually by over 13% between 2014 to 2021, leading MedTech to focus research efforts on optimized medical equipment at lower price points, whilst emphasizing portability and ease of use. Namely, 46% of the 1,008 medical technology companies in the 2021 MedTech Innovator (“MTI”) database are focusing on prevention, wellness, detection, or diagnosis, signaling a clear push for preventive care to also tackle costs.
In addition, there has also been a lasting impact on consumer and medical demand for home care, supported by the pandemic. Lockdowns, closure of care facilities, and healthcare systems subjected to capacity pressure, accelerated demand away from traditional inpatient care. Now, outpatient care solutions are driving industry production, with nearly 70% of recent diagnostics start-up companies producing products in areas such as ambulatory clinics, at-home care, and self-administered diagnostics.
India Clinical Trials Market: Industry Size and Growth Trends [2030] Analyzed...Kumar Satyam
According to TechSci Research report, "India Clinical Trials Market- By Region, Competition, Forecast & Opportunities, 2030F," the India Clinical Trials Market was valued at USD 2.05 billion in 2024 and is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.64% through 2030. The market is driven by a variety of factors, making India an attractive destination for pharmaceutical companies and researchers. India's vast and diverse patient population, cost-effective operational environment, and a large pool of skilled medical professionals contribute significantly to the market's growth. Additionally, increasing government support in streamlining regulations and the growing prevalence of lifestyle diseases further propel the clinical trials market.
Growing Prevalence of Lifestyle Diseases
The rising incidence of lifestyle diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer is a major trend driving the clinical trials market in India. These conditions necessitate the development and testing of new treatment methods, creating a robust demand for clinical trials. The increasing burden of these diseases highlights the need for innovative therapies and underscores the importance of India as a key player in global clinical research.
3. Radial dysplasia, also known as radial
club hand or radial longitudinal
deficiency, is a congenital difference
occurring in a longitudinal direction
resulting in radial deviation of the wrist
and shortening of the forearm. It can
occur in different ways, from a minor
anomaly to complete absence of the
radius, radial side of the carpal bones
and thumb.
4. Hypoplasia of the distal humerus may be present as well and can lead to
stiffness of the elbow. Radial deviation of the wrist is caused by lack of
support to the carpus, the radial deviation may be reinforced if forearm
muscles are functioning poorly or have abnormal insertions.
5. The incidence is between 1:30,000 and 1:100,000 and it is more often a
sporadic mutation rather than an inherited condition. In case of an
inherited condition, several syndromes are known for an association with
radial dysplasia, such as the cardiovascular Holt-Oram syndrome, the
gastrointestinal VATER syndrome and the hematologic Fanconi anaemia
and TAR syndrome.
Other possible causes are an injury to the apical ectodermal ridge during
upper limb development, intrauterine compression, or maternal drug use
(thalidomide).
7. Clinical Features Of Radial Deficiency (Types II, III, And IV; See Presentation,
Classification) Are Dramatic, With Abnormalities Of The Entire Extremity.
The Scapula Is Often Small, And The Clavicle Is Often Shorter, With An
Increased Curvature. The Humerus May Or May Not Be Short, And
Deficiencies Of The Capitellum And Trochlea Are Common. Elbow Motion Is
Usually Diminished More In Flexion Than In Extension.
Bone And Joint Abnormalities
8. The forearm is always decreased in length, and the ulna is approximately
60% of the normal length at the time of birth. This discrepancy persists
throughout the growth period and into adulthood. True forearm rotation is
absent in patients with partial or complete aplasia of the radius.
9. Numerous muscular abnormalities are found throughout the upper
extremity. The deltoid or the pectoralis major can be hypoplastic, can be
partially absent, or can have an abnormal insertion. The biceps may be
absent or fused to the underlying brachialis.
Muscle and tendon abnormalities
10. The forearm demonstrates the most severe abnormalities, which may involve
any of the muscles that originate from or attach to the radius, including the
following:
Extensor carpi radialis longus
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Pronator teres
Flexor carpi radialis
Palmaris longus
Flexor pollicis longus
Pronator quadratus
Supinator
11. The radial nerve usually terminates at the elbow, and the ulnar nerve is
normal. An enlarged median nerve substitutes for the absence of the radial
nerve and supplies a dorsal branch for dorsoradial sensibility. This
subcutaneous branch is positioned in the fold between the wrist and
forearm and must be protected during surgery.
The vascular anatomy demonstrates a normal brachial and ulnar artery. The
radial artery is often absent, and the interosseous arteries usually remain
patent.
Nerve and artery abnormalities
12. Radial deficiency is associated with numerous systemic conditions,
including Holt-Oram syndrome (cardiac septal defects); TAR syndrome;
Fanconi anemia (aplastic anemia); and VACTERL syndrome. In addition
to these conditions, a variety of associated musculoskeletal deformities
appear sporadically. These include cleft palate, clubfoot, kyphosis,
scoliosis, torticollis, and rib deformities.
Associated abnormalities
13. Classification of radial dysplasia is practised through different models. Some
only include the different deformities or absences of the radius, where
others also include anomalies of the thumb and carpal bones. The Bayne
and Klug classification discriminates four different types of radial dysplasia.
A fifth type was added by Goldfarb et al. describing a radial dysplasia with
the participation of the humerus. In this classification, only anomalies of the
radius and the humerus are taken into consideration.
14. James and colleagues expanded this classification by including deficiencies of
the carpal bones with a normal distal radius length as type 0 and isolated
thumb anomalies as type N.
Type N: Isolated thumb anomaly
Type 0: Deficiency of the carpal bones
Type I: Short distal radius
Type II: Hypoplastic radius in miniature
Type III: Absent distal radius
Type IV: Complete absent radius
Type V: Complete absent radius and
manifestations in the proximal
humerus
16. In cases of a minor deviation of the wrist, treatment by splinting and
stretching alone may be a sufficient approach in treating the radial
deviation in RD. Besides that, the parent can support this treatment by
performing passive exercises of the hand. This will help to stretch the
wrist and also possibly correct any extension contracture of the elbow.
Furthermore, splinting is used as a postoperative measure trying to
avoid a relapse of the radial deviation.
Splinting And Stretching
17. More severe types (Bayne type III en IV) of radial dysplasia can be treated
with surgical intervention. The main goal of centralization is to increase
hand function by positioning the hand over the distal ulna and stabilizing
the wrist in a straight position. Splinting or soft-tissue distraction may be
used preceding the centralization.
Centralization
18. In classic centralization, central portions of the carpus are removed to create
a notch for placement of the ulna. A different approach is to place the
metacarpal of the middle finger in line with the ulna with a fixation pin.
19. Buck-Gramcko described another operation technique, for treatment of
radial dysplasia, which is called radicalization. During realization the
metacarpal of the index finger is pinned onto the ulna and radial wrist
extensors are attached to the ulnar side of the wrist, causing overcorrection
or ulnar deviation. This overcorrection is believed to make relapse of radial
deviation less likely.
Radialization
20. The child has to perform stretching, splinting, and similar therapeutic
exercises for a specific period of time, if the doctor decides to treat his
radical club hand non-surgically. However, the orthopaedic must
examine the child’s hand consistently to assess the effectiveness of the
treatment plan.
Recovery
21. On the other hand, the recovery period will differ if the orthopaedic has to
perform surgery. Also, the surgery and post-operative care will vary
according to the type of radical club hand. However, the orthopaedic will
perform the surgery in phases and only after the child attains a specific
age.
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