Robotics is an engineering and science field focused on the design, operation, and manufacture of robots, often inspired by nature. Robots are utilized in hazardous environments for tasks requiring precision and repeatability, and can be reprogrammed for various functions. The anatomy of robots includes components like manipulators, sensors, actuators, and various joint configurations, with common applications in industries such as automotive for welding and assembly.

1. Introduction to Robotics & Robot
Anatomy

2. Robotics- Introduction
• Robotics is a branch of engineering and science that includes
electronics engineering, mechanical engineering and computer
science and so on.
• Robots can take any form but most of them have been given the
human appearance. Most of the robots of today are inspired by
nature and are known as bio-inspired robots.
• Robotics is that branch of engineering that deals with conception,
design, operation, and manufacturing of robots.

3. An Industrial robot is a general purpose, programmable machine which
possesses some anthropomorphic characteristics. Anthropomorphic
characteristics such as mechanical arms are used for various industry
tasks.
• Hazardous work environments
• Repetitive work cycle
• Consistency and accuracy
• Difficult handling tasks
• Reprogrammable and flexible
• Interfaced to other computer
systems

4. Characteristics of Robots
• Appearance: held by the structure of their body, moved by their
mechanical parts.
• Brain: On-board control unit- receive information and sends
commands
• Sensors: gather info from the outside world and send it to Brain.
• Actuators: The part with help of which these robots move
• Program: work or responds to the instructions provided in the form
of a program.
• Behaviour: decided by the program built for it.

5. Commercial and Technological
Advantages
• Robots are good substitutes to the human
beings in hazardous or uncomfortable work
environments.
• A robot performs its work cycle with a
consistency and repeatability which is
difficult for human beings.
• A robot can be reprogrammed to perform a
different task.
• Robots can be connected to the computer
systems and other robotics systems.

6. Robot Anatomy
The manipulator of an industrial robot
is constructed of a series of joints and
links. Robot anatomy is concerned
with the types and sizes of these joints
and links and other aspects of the
manipulator's physical construction.

7. • Manipulator consists of links
and joints
• Joints provide relative motion
between links
• Links are rigid members
between joints
• Each joint provides a degree of
freedom
• The robot's complexity can be
classified according to the total
number of degrees-of-freedom
they possess.

8. Types of Joints
• Linear joint
• Orthogonal joint
• Rotational joint
• Twisting joint
• Revolving joint

9. Common Robot Configurations
A robot manipulator can he divided into two sections: a body-
and-arm assembly and a wrist Assembly. At the end of the
manipulator's wrist is a device related to the task that must be
accomplished by the robot.
Body and arm- for positioning of objects of robot’s work volume.
Wrist assembly- for orientation of end effector

10. • Polar configuration
• Cylindrical configuration
• Cartesian co-ordinate robot
• Jointed-arm robot
• SCARA
Body-and-Arm Configuration

11. Wrist Configuration
Robot wrists usually consist of
two or three degrees-of-
freedom.The three joints are
defined as:
(1) Roll
(2) Pitch
(3) Yaw

12. Joint Drive Systems
Robot joints are actuated using any of three possible types of
drive systems:
Electric: uses electric motors to actuate individual joints. Preferred drive
system in today’s robots.
Hydraulic : uses hydraulic pistons and rotary vane actuator. Noted for their
high power and lift capacity
Pneumatic : typical limited to smaller robots and simple material transfer
applications

13. Industrial Robot Applications
The following robotic applications are the most common in the automotive
industry:
• Collaborative Robots: These collaborative robots are built to work together
with other robots, on enormous assembly lines.
• Robotic Welding: Robotic welding has been the top robotic application in the
automotive sector for a long time, as every car needs a high number of welds
before it’s complete.
• Robotic Assembly: In many automotive plants, robots are assembling smaller
components like pumps and motors at high speeds.
• Material Removal: High consistency and repeatability make robots perfect for
material removal processes like trimming and cutting.

14. Thank You!