The document discusses the processes of transcription and translation in cells. It provides multiple choice questions to test understanding of these concepts. Transcription is defined as the synthesis of RNA from a DNA template, while translation is the synthesis of proteins from information on mRNA. Messenger RNA carries encoded information transcribed from DNA. During transcription, RNA polymerase performs template-directed synthesis in the 5' to 3' direction using base pairing between complementary bases to form hydrogen bonds. A gene is a section of DNA that codes for a protein or RNA molecule.

1. Transcription And Translation
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1. A cell builds it's proteins from the instructions encodedin its _________?
A.Cytoplasm
B.Cell Membrane
C.Amino acid
D.Lysosome
E.Genome
2. What process occurs before the other?
A.Transcription and then Translation
B.Translation and then Transcription
C.Transcription and then Ionization
D.Translation and then Polymerization
E.Translation and then differentiation
3. MessengerRNA(mRNA) can be best describedas:
A.A really cool way of rewriting RNA
B.The atom that carries information to an RNA template
C.A short lived RNA molecule that carries encoded information, transcribed from DNA.
D.A chromosome that is only present in prokaryotes and is involved in DNA synthesis
E.A molecule that has no life and is basically the news reporter of the cellular
environment.
4. Just like DNA polymerase, RNApolymerase performs a template directed
synthesis in the:
A.3'---->5' direction
B.5'---->3' direction
C.5'---->5' direction
D.3'---->3' direction
E.3'---->4' direction
5. A gene is:
A.A piece of clothing that is placed upon the bipedal legs of human.
B.A chromosome carrier
C.A section of DNA that codes for a protein or RNA molecule.
D.A regulatory sequence
E.An exon

2. Transcription And Translation
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6. Transcription is:
A.A word that teacher use to confuse the noodles out of people
B.The synthesis of RNA from a DNA template
C.The synthesis of proteins from information on a mRNA
D.The synthesis of polydiester linkages from an exon
E.The synthesis of brain cells by neurokinetic means
7. What type of bond forms betweencomplementary base pairs?
A.Hydrogen
B.Covalent
C.Ionic
D.Interkinetic
E.Philial
8. To understand the structure of RNA polymerase, researchers employed
what technique to view this enzyme?
A.X-ray crystallography
B.Gas Chromatography
C.Gel Electrophoresis
D.PCR amplification
E.Hardy-Weinberg equillibrium
9. How does transcription begin?
A.It doesn't, transcription doesn't exist
B.When RNA polymerase binds to a sigma to create a holoenzyme and the sigma
guides the RNA polymerase to certain locations where transcription should begin
C.Some dude brings a flag and says "Hey! Over here!"
D.The non-template strand signals to the binding receptor that a phospodiester bond is
present and ready for action
E.The RNA polymerase binds to a coding strand located downstream