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This document lists and describes various computer hardware components and peripherals. It includes definitions for a mainframe computer, the ENIAC which could perform basic arithmetic, and the first patent for a keyboard. Other items described are a monitor, barcode scanner, the first reported computer "bug" in 1945, all-in-one personal computers with plastic or wooden cases, kits to build your own computer, a touchpad, Braille printer, remote control, scanner, keyboard, mouse, digital camera, printer, text-to-speech software, large format printer, projector, sensors, trackball, and touchscreen monitor.
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History of computer technology
The document traces the evolution of early calculating devices and computers from the abacus and Napier's bones in the 1600s to the development of the microprocessor and fifth generation computing. It discusses key inventors and inventions like the Pascaline, Difference Engine, Hollerith's tabulating machine, and MARK I. It outlines the progression from first generation vacuum tube computers that filled rooms to transistor-based second generation machines to integrated circuit and microprocessor-driven third and fourth generation computers that became smaller and more accessible. It concludes by noting fifth generation computing aims to develop devices with artificial intelligence capabilities like natural language processing and machine learning.
History of Computer
This document provides a history of computers from ancient counting devices to modern electronic digital computers. It discusses early mechanical calculating devices like the abacus and slide rule invented by John Napier. Blaise Pascal invented the first mechanical calculator called the Pascaline in 1642. Charles Babbage designed the Difference Engine and Analytical Engine, prototypes for the first automatic programmable computer. Herman Hollerith developed the first electro-mechanical punch card tabular in 1890. John von Neumann's work in the 1940s established the architecture for modern computers. The first general-purpose electronic digital computers, ENIAC and UNIVAC, were completed in 1946 and 1951 respectively.
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The document traces the history of computers from ancient counting machines like the abacus to modern computers. It discusses the five generations of computers from the first generation using vacuum tubes to today's fourth generation using microprocessors. The document also outlines some of the major applications of computers in business, banking, education, healthcare and more. Finally, it identifies the main types of computers and parts of a basic computer system.
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Computers have evolved greatly over time, starting as simple mechanical devices like the ancient abacus and evolving to modern electronic computers. Early computers were used to help with calculations and control weapons during World War II, showing their potential. Pioneers like Charles Babbage and Herman Hollerith developed machines that incorporated punched cards and other innovations to perform calculations faster and help lay the foundation for the digital computers of today.
History of Computer Technology
The document traces the evolution of early calculating devices and computers from the abacus to the modern microprocessor. It discusses the development of calculating machines like the slide rule and Pascal's calculator. It then covers early mechanical computers invented by figures like Babbage and Hollerith. It outlines the progression from vacuum tube computers to transistor computers to integrated circuit computers. It concludes by discussing the development of the microprocessor and ambitions for artificial intelligence in fifth generation computing.
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A computer is defined as an electronic device that can process data. The basic idea of computing developed in the 1200s with the invention of the abacus. Major developments included the first mechanical calculators in the 1600s and the first general-purpose electronic computer in the 1940s. A computer has basic components like a processor, memory, input devices like a keyboard and mouse, and output devices like a monitor and printer. It processes data through input, processing, output, and storage cycles using binary language and increasing units of data storage. Computers are now used widely in homes, businesses, medicine, science, and institutions but also have limitations and disadvantages.
Various types of computers & history
The document discusses the evolution of different types of computers from the past to present. It begins with the largest and most powerful computers - supercomputers - used for complex calculations. It then discusses mainframe computers, which were the first used by businesses in the 1950s. Minicomputers followed and were common until the 1980s. Personal computers emerged in the 1970s and are now ubiquitous, while workstations fill a performance gap between personal computers and more powerful systems. The document provides details on the size, cost, performance and typical users of each type of computer through history to help students understand how computers have progressed.
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The document discusses the history and origins of computers. It mentions Charles Babbage as inventing the first mechanical computer in the early 1800s. It also discusses ENIAC, the first digital computer developed at the University of Pennsylvania in the 1940s. Finally, it notes the Intel 4004 microprocessor as the first commercially available microprocessor in 1971 and IBM's announcement of the first personal computer in 1981.
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This document provides a history of computers from ancient counting devices to modern electronic digital computers. It discusses early mechanical calculating devices like the abacus and slide rule invented by John Napier. Blaise Pascal invented the first mechanical calculator called the Pascaline in 1642. Charles Babbage designed the Difference Engine and Analytical Engine, prototypes for the first automatic programmable computer. Herman Hollerith developed the first electro-mechanical punch card tabular in 1890. John von Neumann's work in the 1940s established the architecture for modern computers. The first general-purpose electronic digital computers, ENIAC and UNIVAC, were completed in 1946 and 1951 respectively.
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Computers have evolved greatly over time, starting as simple mechanical devices like the ancient abacus and evolving to modern electronic computers. Early computers were used to help with calculations and control weapons during World War II, showing their potential. Pioneers like Charles Babbage and Herman Hollerith developed machines that incorporated punched cards and other innovations to perform calculations faster and help lay the foundation for the digital computers of today.
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The document traces the evolution of early calculating devices and computers from the abacus to the modern microprocessor. It discusses the development of calculating machines like the slide rule and Pascal's calculator. It then covers early mechanical computers invented by figures like Babbage and Hollerith. It outlines the progression from vacuum tube computers to transistor computers to integrated circuit computers. It concludes by discussing the development of the microprocessor and ambitions for artificial intelligence in fifth generation computing.
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A computer is defined as an electronic device that can process data. The basic idea of computing developed in the 1200s with the invention of the abacus. Major developments included the first mechanical calculators in the 1600s and the first general-purpose electronic computer in the 1940s. A computer has basic components like a processor, memory, input devices like a keyboard and mouse, and output devices like a monitor and printer. It processes data through input, processing, output, and storage cycles using binary language and increasing units of data storage. Computers are now used widely in homes, businesses, medicine, science, and institutions but also have limitations and disadvantages.
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The document discusses the evolution of different types of computers from the past to present. It begins with the largest and most powerful computers - supercomputers - used for complex calculations. It then discusses mainframe computers, which were the first used by businesses in the 1950s. Minicomputers followed and were common until the 1980s. Personal computers emerged in the 1970s and are now ubiquitous, while workstations fill a performance gap between personal computers and more powerful systems. The document provides details on the size, cost, performance and typical users of each type of computer through history to help students understand how computers have progressed.
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The document discusses the history and origins of computers. It mentions Charles Babbage as inventing the first mechanical computer in the early 1800s. It also discusses ENIAC, the first digital computer developed at the University of Pennsylvania in the 1940s. Finally, it notes the Intel 4004 microprocessor as the first commercially available microprocessor in 1971 and IBM's announcement of the first personal computer in 1981.
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Hello Friends this is my first ppt on slide share . This ppt is all about types of computer. You can make some changes in it if you want otherwise it is superb ppt. Thanks you pls like and share with yours friends
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Many key developments led to the modern computer. During WWII, John Mauchly and J. Prosper Eckert designed the first programmable digital computer called ENIAC at the University of Pennsylvania. Control units, arithmetic logic units, and memory (CPU) process instructions and data from input devices like keyboards and output to displays. Both hardware and software are required for a computer to function.
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The document provides a history of computers from manual and mechanical devices through five generations of computers. It discusses the progression from vacuum tubes to transistors to integrated circuits and microprocessors. Each generation of computers saw improvements in size, cost, speed, and reliability. The document also classifies computers based on purpose (general purpose vs. special purpose), data handled (analog vs. digital vs. hybrid), and capacity (microcomputer to supercomputer). It describes the basic elements and components of a computer system including the central processing unit, memory, motherboard, ports, buses, and software.
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Main types of computers include mainframe computers, used by large organizations for critical applications; supercomputers, used for processing-intensive tasks like modeling; and minicomputers, between mainframes and microcomputers. Microcomputers are single-user systems like PDAs, laptops, desktops, and Macintosh computers. Input devices include keyboards, mice, touchpads, game controllers, touch screens, scanners, cameras, and sensors. Output devices display and print data, like monitors, printers, projectors, voice synthesizers, and braille translators. Factors affecting computer performance are software, drivers, network speed, disk space, and processor speed and memory. Computers must be protected from environmental hazards, theft
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The document provides an overview of basic computer components, functions, and history. It defines hardware as the physical equipment of a computer, including the central processing unit (CPU) that directs information flow, the hard drive for data storage, keyboard for input, and monitor for output display. Software is defined as programmed instructions that tell the computer what to do. Early computers were large mainframes for high-volume tasks, while personal computers later became affordable for individual use. Computers are now used for education, work, communication, entertainment and more.
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The document discusses the five generations of computers from the 1940s to present. The first generation used vacuum tubes, were enormous in size, and had low processing speeds. The second generation used transistors, were smaller and more reliable. The third generation used integrated circuits, which were faster and cheaper to produce. The fourth generation used microprocessors, allowing computers to become smaller and more personal. Current computers are considered fifth generation, pursuing artificial intelligence and new technologies like quantum computing.
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The document summarizes the four generations of computers from 1945 to present day. The first generation used vacuum tubes and were large and unreliable. The second generation used transistors, which were smaller and more durable. The third generation used integrated circuits, making computers even smaller and cheaper. The fourth generation used VLSI technology, allowing millions of transistors to fit on a single chip and making computers widely affordable for homes and schools. Today's computers are classified as fourth generation and have tremendous processing power and data storage capacity.
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The document discusses the history and evolution of computers from the 1940s to present. It covers early mechanical computers, the development of electronic computers starting in the 1940s with ENIAC, the first general purpose electronic computer. It then summarizes the progression through the four generations of computers defined by the technology used - vacuum tubes, transistors, integrated circuits, and microprocessors. The document also briefly discusses the development of computer networking, robotics, and supercomputers.
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The document summarizes the key characteristics of the five generations of computers from 1946 to the present. First generation computers used vacuum tubes and were slow, large, and unreliable. Second generation computers replaced vacuum tubes with transistors, making them smaller, faster, and more energy efficient. Third generation computers used integrated circuits instead of transistors, reducing size and cost further. Fourth generation computers utilized microprocessors and VLSI chips, becoming cheaper, faster, and suitable for personal use. Fifth generation computers are anticipated to utilize technologies like quantum computing and artificial intelligence.
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This document defines computers and their components. It discusses that computers are machines that can perform logical and arithmetic operations automatically through programming. It describes the different types of computers based on size and power, including personal computers, workstations, minicomputers, mainframes, and supercomputers. The document also outlines the typical parts of a computer system, characteristics of computers, generations of computers, types of computer memory, and common input, output, and storage devices.
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The document discusses the five generations of computers and characteristics of computers. It describes the five generations from first to fifth generation, the time period of each, their main processing devices and storage media. The first generation used vacuum tubes, the second used transistors, the third used integrated circuits, the fourth used ICs with VLSI, and the fifth uses ICs with parallel processing. The characteristics of computers discussed are their speed, reliability, memory capacity, accuracy, automation, functionality, and ability to work tirelessly.
Types of computer
Hello Friends this is my first ppt on slide share . This ppt is all about types of computer. You can make some changes in it if you want otherwise it is superb ppt. Thanks you pls like and share with yours friends
Ch 1
The document provides a history of computers from ancient calculating devices like the abacus to modern generations. It discusses five generations of computers: 1) Vacuum tube computers, 2) Transistor computers, 3) Integrated circuit computers, 4) Microprocessor computers, and 5) Potential artificial intelligence computers. Key developments included the invention of the transistor, integrated circuit, microprocessor, and continued advancement toward artificial intelligence through parallel processing. The generations saw computers decrease dramatically in size while increasing dramatically in speed and capabilities.
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The document summarizes different types of computers based on their size and capabilities. It discusses super computers as the largest and most powerful computers used for specialized tasks like weather forecasting. Mainframe computers are described as the second largest and most capable, supporting up to 100 users. Mini computers are depicted as mid-sized with less power than mainframes. Micro computers are introduced as the smallest digital computers, including desktops, laptops, palmtops, wearables, and pocket computers designed for single user mobility. Examples are provided for each type.
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The document provides an overview of computer basics, including: a brief history of computers from the 1940s to present; defining a computer system as consisting of hardware, software, data, information, and people; and classifying computers into special purpose and general purpose categories including desktops, mobiles, servers, mainframes, and supercomputers. It also discusses computer software, electronic communications, network systems, the internet, and examples of technology in everyday life.
In the name of allah
The document defines information technology (IT) as the study, design, development, implementation, support or management of computer-based information systems. It then provides a brief history of IT divided into four periods: premechanical, mechanical, electromechanical, and electronic. Key developments discussed include the abacus, slide rule, Pascaline machine, Charles Babbage's work as the first computer designer, Ada Lovelace as the first computer programmer, Herman Hollerith's early punch cards, the ENIAC as the first general purpose electronic computer, and UNIVAC as the first general purpose computer for commercial use. The document concludes with an overview of computer parts and types of computers.
Presntation
Many key developments led to the modern computer. During WWII, John Mauchly and J. Prosper Eckert designed the first programmable digital computer called ENIAC at the University of Pennsylvania. Control units, arithmetic logic units, and memory (CPU) process instructions and data from input devices like keyboards and output to displays. Both hardware and software are required for a computer to function.
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The document provides a history of computers from ancient counting devices like the abacus to modern computers. It describes inventions like the Pascaline adding machine in 1642, Charles Babbage's analytical engine in 1833, Howard Aiken's Mark 1 in 1944, the ENIAC in 1946, the first transistor in 1948, the Altair kit computer in 1975, the IBM PC in 1981, and the Macintosh in 1984. It also provides overviews of different types of computers including PCs, workstations, mini computers, mainframes, and supercomputers. The document outlines the basic functions and advantages of computers as well as some disadvantages.
Intro to Computing Presentation Project .
Computers have become integral to our daily lives both personally and professionally. Some key milestones in computer evolution include the earliest mechanical calculators and Hollerith's tabulating machine, the first general purpose electronic computers like ENIAC and UNIVAC in the 1940s-1950s, the introduction of transistors replacing vacuum tubes in the 1950s, integrated circuits and microprocessors in the 1960s-1970s, and personal computers and the Internet in the 1970s to present. The major parts of a computer include input devices, processing units, output devices, storage, and communication hardware. Software, including operating systems and application programs, provides instructions that allow computers to perform tasks. The benefits of an increasingly computerized society include increased
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This document discusses various input devices for computers including pens, touch screens, game controllers, optical scanning devices, audiovisual devices, and video input devices. It describes how pens and touch screens allow for selection and input on screens, how game controllers enhance the gaming experience, how scanning and image input convert physical documents and images into digital formats, and how audiovisual and video devices enable input of sound, speech, music, and video into computers.
Fundamental
The document defines what a computer is and provides some key details:
- A computer is an electronic device that processes information according to a set of instructions called a program.
- Charles Babbage is considered the grandfather of computers for designing the Analytical Engine, one of the first mechanical computers.
- Computers have four main functions: input, processing, output, and storage. Input devices allow a user to input data and commands, processing is the operation on the data, output is the processed results, and storage saves results.
- Common input devices include keyboards, mice, scanners, cameras, microphones, and touchscreens. Output devices like monitors and printers display or print the processed data.
Reduce course notes class xi
The document contains a multiple choice quiz with questions about various topics in computer science. There are 47 multiple choice questions testing knowledge about topics like binary, memory, operating systems, programming languages, networks, and security. The questions are short, with single sentences providing the prompts and possible multiple choice answers.
Project
Computers have evolved tremendously from the large machines of the 1940s that required teams to operate to today's personal computers that can fit in our pockets. The document discusses the basic components, types, and input/output devices of computers. It describes how computers work through hardware and software, with the CPU as the "brain" that performs calculations. The types of computers range from supercomputers to desktop PCs to laptops and tablets. Input devices discussed include keyboards, mice, and touchscreens, while output devices include monitors, printers, and speakers. Memory, both primary and secondary, is also summarized.
Assignment of I to C
The document provides information about the scope and history of computers as well as input and output devices. It discusses how Charles Babbage invented the computer in the 1830s-1870s. It then covers the evolution of computers from mainframes to microcomputers to supercomputers. The document also discusses how computers can be well-suited for distance learning due to features like routine tasks, active participation, and feedback. It provides examples of input devices like mice, keyboards, and scanners that allow data to enter computers. Output devices discussed include monitors, speakers, printers, and projectors that communicate processed data in formats people can understand.
History of computer and classification of computers
The history of computers began thousands of years ago with the abacus, used in China as an early counting device. The first programmable computer was invented in Germany in the 1930s, while the first digital commercial computer was the ENIAC, created in the 1940s. In the 1980s, Bill Gates and Steve Jobs drove the personal computer revolution by making computers more accessible and user-friendly through Microsoft and Apple. They established the foundations for how people interact with computers today.
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Input devices such as keyboards and mice allow a user to enter data into a computer. Output devices like computer monitors, printers, and speakers allow the computer to display or communicate the processed data back to the user. Some common input devices are keyboards, pointing devices, touchscreens, scanners, and microphones. Common output devices include computer monitors, LCD projectors, smart boards, printers, and speakers. Monitors can be CRT, LCD, or LED while printers include inkjet, laser, and thermal printers.
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Quiz
- 2. 1. It is a large system usually requiring specialized, dedicated room with its own air conditioning system and power supply.
- 3. 2. A computer created by Frances Blaise that can add, subtract, and carry between digits.
- 4. 3. The first ever patent keyboard is created by who?
- 5. 4. A computer that takes the lead in terms of processing capacity, particularly speed of calculation.
- 6. 5. A small, portable computer which integrates the display with its cover (a.k.a clamshell design) with the keyboard embedded in the actual body of the computer.
- 7. 6. It is like a television or cathode ray tube (CRT) that displays data from your computer.
- 8. 7. It is also called a barcode scanner or point – of – sale (POS) scanner, it is a hand – held or stationary input device used to capture and read information contained in a barcode.
- 9. 8. In 1945, First computer "bug" reported is what?
- 10. 9. A computer with a plastic
- 11. 10. A computer with a wooden
- 12. 11. A computer designed to sell as a do – it – yourself kit.
- 13. 12. Also known as a touch pad, this is touch sensitive pad for controlling the cursor.
- 14. 13. With this device any information from any word processor on the computer can turned into Braille at the touch of a button on this devices.
- 15. 14. It lets you control a machine from a distance.
- 16. 15. An electronic device which converts pictures or printed text into digital format.
- 17. 16. Is probably the oldest and most common example of an input device.
- 18. 17. Is a palm- sized input device which is designed to sit on you desktop.
- 19. 18. Is a type of camera that can directly capture and store pictures in digital format.
- 20. 19. It is a device that prints images or pictures created on the computer on paper.
- 21. 20. Is used to mimic the human voice. It can interpret text and convert into tones which sound like human speech.
- 22. 21. It is used for printing bug posters, architectural drawings and billboards.
- 23. 22. It displays the image on a wall – sized screen. It is best for giving lectures to a big crowd so that everybody can see the presentation properly.
- 24. 23. These are special devices which can captures various types of data like pressure or temperature and convert it into digital format for your computer to use.
- 25. 24. This input device can operated on the same principle as a regular mouse but the ball remains stationary on top of the device.
- 26. 25. A special type of monitor which allows you to click objects on the screen by touching the screen with your finger.