Brief overview of the most important aspects of pharmaceutical data integrity. Slideshare includes pharmaceutical and biopharmaceutical industry key resources.
Process Validation & Regulatory Strategies for Fast-track and Breakthrough Th...Peter Dellva
BioTechLogic's Tracy TreDenick delivered a compelling presentation discussing process validation & regulatory strategies for Fast-Track and Breakthrough Therapies at BPI West - March 20, 2018
Data Integrity in a GxP-regulated Environment - Pauwels Consulting AcademyPauwels Consulting
On Tuesday, December 6, 2016, our colleague Angelo Rossi, Senior Regulatory Compliance Consultant, gave an interesting presentation about “Data Integrity in a GxP-regulated Environment” at the Brussels Office of Pauwels Consulting in Diegem.
In his presentation, Angelo covered definitions and concepts of data integrity, the change in regulatory focus, lessons learned from recent FDA warning letters, importants highlights of regulations and guidelines. Angelo also presented a practical example of data integrity for a computerized system.
Please contact us at contact@pauwelsconsulting.com or +32 9 324 70 80 if you have any further questions regarding our consulting services in this area.
Trends changed from Non compliance to RR --> Gap to RR --> Data Integrity --> DIB --> Smart Audit & Smart Data.
RR = Regulatory Requirements
DIB = Data Integrity Breach
Take a serious Note for Data Integrity whether you are small or big organization. Your Data is the Heart of your business. Regulatory bodies are highly conscious about such issues. For beginners in this path, my small note can help you a lot.
Process Validation & Regulatory Strategies for Fast-track and Breakthrough Th...Peter Dellva
BioTechLogic's Tracy TreDenick delivered a compelling presentation discussing process validation & regulatory strategies for Fast-Track and Breakthrough Therapies at BPI West - March 20, 2018
Data Integrity in a GxP-regulated Environment - Pauwels Consulting AcademyPauwels Consulting
On Tuesday, December 6, 2016, our colleague Angelo Rossi, Senior Regulatory Compliance Consultant, gave an interesting presentation about “Data Integrity in a GxP-regulated Environment” at the Brussels Office of Pauwels Consulting in Diegem.
In his presentation, Angelo covered definitions and concepts of data integrity, the change in regulatory focus, lessons learned from recent FDA warning letters, importants highlights of regulations and guidelines. Angelo also presented a practical example of data integrity for a computerized system.
Please contact us at contact@pauwelsconsulting.com or +32 9 324 70 80 if you have any further questions regarding our consulting services in this area.
Trends changed from Non compliance to RR --> Gap to RR --> Data Integrity --> DIB --> Smart Audit & Smart Data.
RR = Regulatory Requirements
DIB = Data Integrity Breach
Take a serious Note for Data Integrity whether you are small or big organization. Your Data is the Heart of your business. Regulatory bodies are highly conscious about such issues. For beginners in this path, my small note can help you a lot.
Data integrity is assuming greater importance in current Good Manufacturing Practices in FDA regulated industry with increased emphasis by other regulatory agencies like the EMA. Data integrity and security infractions are not only 21 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 11 issues but also severe CGMP violations. As FDA increases its focus on data integrity and reliability, inspectors are examining data based on multiple regulations and standards including CGMP, Good Laboratory Practices (GLP), Good Clinical Practices (GCP) and the Application Integrity Policy (AIP) in addition to FDA-recognized consensus standards.
This presentation discusses data integrity regulations and enforcement trends that have led to increased scrutiny of pharmaceutical laboratories by inspectors.
Data integrity is critical throughout the CGMP data life cycle, including in the creation, modification, processing, maintenance, archival, retrieval, transmission, and disposition of data after the record’s retention period ends. It would be helpful for data management.
Data integrity - Regulatory Perspective and Challenges: santoshnarla
Data Integrity: Regulatory Perspective and Challenges.
This presentation will present the importance of data integrity in the pharma industry with regards to the quality compliance and its impact on industry. This presentation also emphasizes on importance of regulatory affairs department in ensuring the data integrity and regulatory challenges.
Presentation on data integrity in Pharmaceutical IndustrySathish Vemula
Presentation on data integrity in Pharmaceutical Industry
Contents:
- Definition & Basics
- Criteria for integrity of laboratory data
- Regulatory Requirements
- Barriers to Complete Data
- Possible data integrity problems
- Previous observations
- FDA Warning Letters – 2013
- FDA Warning Letters – 2014
- FDA 483’s related to data integrity
- EU – Non compliance Reports
- WHO - Notice of Concern
- Summary of Data Integrity issues
- Consequences- Rebuilding Trust
- Conclusion
FDA Data Integrity: Misconceptions of 21 CFR Part 11 EduQuest, Inc.
Martin Browning, co-author of FDA's 21 CFR Part 11 regulation for electronic records and signatures, explains FDA's expectations for data integrity and common industry misconceptions about how to comply with the rule.
Data Integrity Issues in Pharmaceutical CompaniesPiyush Tripathi
Data integrity refers to maintaining and assuring the accuracy and consistency of data over its entire life-cycle, and is a critical aspect to the design, implementation and usage of any system which stores, processes, or retrieves data.
This presentation is based on the US FDA Workshop that I attended in Mumbai.
Pharmaceutical Industry is challenged for the Data Integrity. The reason for Data Integrity Fraud are obvious, but are overlooked. The importance of the genuine data must be accepted from the patient safety angle. There has to be a sincere attempt from the Top Management to eliminate this problem. It is trust that needs to be developed and maintained.
Data integrity, Pharmaceutical industry, Good Manufacturing Practice, GMP, Guidelines, Data management, DI and GMP Compliance, paper and electronic data, Archive and back up
Data Integrity in pharmaceutical laboratories is a must, the attached ppt shall help the QC members to understand and develop an integral analytical culture
Presentation: Data Integrity – an international regulatory perspectiveTGA Australia
This presentation will provide an overview of the international regulatory perspective on data integrity and discuss some of the key points highlighted in recently released guidance documents from across the globe.
TGA presentation: Data Integrity - an international regulatory perspectiveTGA Australia
An exploration of the topic of Data Integrity including consequences of international regulatory collaboration on the subject, highlights of recent overseas and international guidance documents, as well as common misconceptions.
Data integrity is assuming greater importance in current Good Manufacturing Practices in FDA regulated industry with increased emphasis by other regulatory agencies like the EMA. Data integrity and security infractions are not only 21 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 11 issues but also severe CGMP violations. As FDA increases its focus on data integrity and reliability, inspectors are examining data based on multiple regulations and standards including CGMP, Good Laboratory Practices (GLP), Good Clinical Practices (GCP) and the Application Integrity Policy (AIP) in addition to FDA-recognized consensus standards.
This presentation discusses data integrity regulations and enforcement trends that have led to increased scrutiny of pharmaceutical laboratories by inspectors.
Data integrity is critical throughout the CGMP data life cycle, including in the creation, modification, processing, maintenance, archival, retrieval, transmission, and disposition of data after the record’s retention period ends. It would be helpful for data management.
Data integrity - Regulatory Perspective and Challenges: santoshnarla
Data Integrity: Regulatory Perspective and Challenges.
This presentation will present the importance of data integrity in the pharma industry with regards to the quality compliance and its impact on industry. This presentation also emphasizes on importance of regulatory affairs department in ensuring the data integrity and regulatory challenges.
Presentation on data integrity in Pharmaceutical IndustrySathish Vemula
Presentation on data integrity in Pharmaceutical Industry
Contents:
- Definition & Basics
- Criteria for integrity of laboratory data
- Regulatory Requirements
- Barriers to Complete Data
- Possible data integrity problems
- Previous observations
- FDA Warning Letters – 2013
- FDA Warning Letters – 2014
- FDA 483’s related to data integrity
- EU – Non compliance Reports
- WHO - Notice of Concern
- Summary of Data Integrity issues
- Consequences- Rebuilding Trust
- Conclusion
FDA Data Integrity: Misconceptions of 21 CFR Part 11 EduQuest, Inc.
Martin Browning, co-author of FDA's 21 CFR Part 11 regulation for electronic records and signatures, explains FDA's expectations for data integrity and common industry misconceptions about how to comply with the rule.
Data Integrity Issues in Pharmaceutical CompaniesPiyush Tripathi
Data integrity refers to maintaining and assuring the accuracy and consistency of data over its entire life-cycle, and is a critical aspect to the design, implementation and usage of any system which stores, processes, or retrieves data.
This presentation is based on the US FDA Workshop that I attended in Mumbai.
Pharmaceutical Industry is challenged for the Data Integrity. The reason for Data Integrity Fraud are obvious, but are overlooked. The importance of the genuine data must be accepted from the patient safety angle. There has to be a sincere attempt from the Top Management to eliminate this problem. It is trust that needs to be developed and maintained.
Data integrity, Pharmaceutical industry, Good Manufacturing Practice, GMP, Guidelines, Data management, DI and GMP Compliance, paper and electronic data, Archive and back up
Data Integrity in pharmaceutical laboratories is a must, the attached ppt shall help the QC members to understand and develop an integral analytical culture
Presentation: Data Integrity – an international regulatory perspectiveTGA Australia
This presentation will provide an overview of the international regulatory perspective on data integrity and discuss some of the key points highlighted in recently released guidance documents from across the globe.
TGA presentation: Data Integrity - an international regulatory perspectiveTGA Australia
An exploration of the topic of Data Integrity including consequences of international regulatory collaboration on the subject, highlights of recent overseas and international guidance documents, as well as common misconceptions.
Looking for expertise or support on Data Integrity? Contact us today.
Recently, the pharmaceutical industry has been challenged with the regulatory requirements to provide complete, consistent and accurate data, throughout all GMP regulated processes.
Moreover, during audits the regulatory bodies have observed a level of inconsistency in the application of the predicate rules in GMP processes. This has become a growing concern and has led to a set of new (draft) guidances from different market authorities.
Index:
Data Integrity – Why / What
Data life cycle
Core Data Integrity concepts & building blocks
Short & mid-term actions enabling a focused road to compliance
Everything related to CDM. Importance of CDM, Flow Activities in Clinical Trials, Data Management Plan, Database Designing, Data Management tools, Essential Characters of the database, Standard Global Dictionaries, Data Review and Validation, Query Generation, Database Lock, Technology in CDM, and Professionals of CDM.
What is New in Track and Trace Technology?Angela Carver
In the distribution and logistics field track and trace is defined as the process of identifying past and current locations of inventory items. This inventory should be tracked at any level from ingredient to finished product and anywhere in between. Track and trace processes are supported through a variety of SCM technologies that help to provide real-time information on both location and status of these items as they move throughout the supply chain. A focus has been placed on track and trace due to the increasing complexity of governmental regulations. The government is becoming more active due to food recalls reaching their all-time high in 2013. On average, 6 recalls occur in the U.S. each day. These recalls impact up to 18.4 million products including pharmaceuticals, food and much more. This issue has sparked the focus on technology and automation throughout the supply chain.
These technologies are being used to manage the many moving pieces of the supply chain. In order to create a detailed, accurate audit trail needed to satisfy new regulations supply chain operators are implementing a variety of track and trace solutions including WMS, RFID and automated data collection devices.
SCM businesses handling food and pharmaceutical products have started to implement temperature indicators to track temperature, humidity and shock levels throughout the delivery process. These devices come in a variety of designs for flexible use. The data collected using temperature indicators can be transferred directly into inventory management software to develop a complete audit trail.
RFID functions in a similar way, passively tracking inventory as it moves throughout the supply chain. Radio frequency identification also helps to reduce the labor required to handle and process inventory. RFID is useful because it can track inventory at any level through the manufacturing process.
Warehouse management software is also a top tool used by SCM businesses focusing on track and trace because these powerful databases store all captured inventory data making it easily accessible to warehouse operators. Many top WMS systems are also developed to meet government regulations, taking the guess work out of track and trace.
To ensure your operation can meet regulatory requirements consider evaluating these technologies to bridge any gaps in technology capabilities. Learn more about new track and trace functionality and supply chain needs contact Datex experts today at marketing@datexcorp.com or 800.933.2839 ext 243.
Data Entry India Outsource's article on 5 best practices to ensure effective data quality management and a focused plan for data governance. For more info - https://www.dataentryindiaoutsource.com/blog/5-best-practices-effective-data-quality-management/
1)Data integrity refers to the accuracy and consistency (validity) of data over its lifecycle. Compromised data, after all, is of little use to enterprises, not to mention the dangers presented by sensitive data loss. For this reason, maintaining data integrity is a core focus of many enterprise security solutions.
2) The term data integrity refers to the accuracy and consistency of data. When creating databases, attention needs to be given to data integrity and how to maintain it. A good database will enforce data integrity whenever possible. For example, a user could accidentally try to enter a phone number into a date field.
3) The Technopedia.com definition of Data Integrity linked here focuses on three key attributes: completeness, accuracy and consistency.
4) 8 Ways to Ensure Data Integrity
Perform Risk-Based Validation.
Select Appropriate System and Service Providers.
Audit your Audit Trails.
Change Control.
Qualify IT & Validate Systems.
Plan for Business Continuity.
Be Accurate.
Archive Regularly.
5) Maintaining data integrity requires an understanding of the two types of data integrity: physical integrity and logical integrity. Both are collections of processes and methods that enforce data integrity in both hierarchical and relational databases.
6) Data Integrity (DI) in the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry is the state where data are Attributable, Legible, Contemporaneous, Original, Accurate, Complete, Consistent, Enduring, and Available (ALCOA+)
7) Data integrity helps in building trust between regulatory agencies and the industry as a whole. It eliminates the need for inspecting each and every process involved in the production and supply of drugs and other pharmaceutical products.
8) 21 CFR Rules are a set of rules which govern or regulate the management and usage of electronic records in pharmaceuticals and medical devices.
9) Data Integrity is. defined as “the extent to which all data are complete, consistent and accurate, throughout the. data lifecycle” and is fundamental in a pharmaceutical quality system which ensures that. medicines are of the required quality .
10) For example, a user could accidentally try to enter a phone number into a date field. If the system enforces data integrity, it will prevent the user from making these mistakes. Maintaining data integrity means making sure the data remains intact and unchanged throughout its entire life cycle.
Enhancing Data Quality in Clinical Trials: Best Practices and Quality Control...ClinosolIndia
Ensuring data quality is crucial in clinical trials to generate reliable and valid results. High-quality data allows for accurate analysis, interpretation, and decision-making regarding the safety and efficacy of investigational products. Here are some best practices and quality control measures to enhance data quality in clinical trials:
Standardized Data Collection: Implement standardized data collection procedures, including the use of case report forms (CRFs) or electronic data capture (EDC) systems. Clearly define data elements, variables, and measurement scales to minimize inconsistencies and errors in data entry.
Training and Education: Provide comprehensive training to investigators, site staff, and data entry personnel on the protocol, data collection procedures, and Good Clinical Practice (GCP) guidelines. Training ensures understanding and adherence to the study requirements, leading to accurate and consistent data collection.
Source Data Verification (SDV): Perform source data verification to compare data recorded in the CRFs or EDC systems with the original source documents (e.g., medical records, laboratory reports). This process helps identify discrepancies, errors, or missing data, ensuring data accuracy and integrity.
Data Management Plan: Develop a robust data management plan that outlines procedures for data collection, handling, storage, and analysis. The plan should include data validation checks, query resolution processes, and data reconciliation between different data sources.
Electronic Data Capture (EDC) Systems: Utilize EDC systems to facilitate real-time data capture, improve data accuracy, and streamline data management processes. EDC systems often have built-in data validation checks, range checks, and skip patterns to minimize data entry errors.
Data integrity is a Fundamental in a pharmaceutical quality system. It ensures that medicines are of required quality. This presentation is based on MHRA Guidance and provides MHRA expectations. Guidance complements existing EU GMP relating to active substances and dosage forms. This guidance should be d in conjunction with national medicines legislation and the GMP standards published in Eudralex volume 4.
Beamex CMX and GAMP good automated manufacturing practicesChristian Schrøder
This presentation will run you through Beamex CMX calibration software, used in GMP/GAMP environment and how it can help, to get rid of a lot of uncertainties
5 Critical Areas of Combination Drug CompliancePeter Dellva
This slideshare walks through five critical areas of combination drug compliance including: What is 21 CFR Part 4, FDA’s Office of Combination Products, Compliance for legacy combination products, Stability study strategy and more
Bringing Legacy Combination Products into Compliance with 21 CFR Part 4Peter Dellva
Presentation provides an overview of 21 CFR Part 4 and discusses the approach to assure legacy combination drug products are compliant with the final rule.
Approaches to regulatory approval and process validation often must be quite different than traditional approaches. This presentation walks through nine approaches that might be helpful to your project.
Regulatory approval and validations approaches often have to be a bit different when working to get an expedited approval drug to market. This presentation discusses 9 approaches to smooth the process
Process Validation Presentation from BioTechLogicPeter Dellva
Exploring Manufacturing Process Validation - BioTechLogic, Inc. is a biopharmaceutical manufacturing and CMC consulting firm with strategic and practical/hands-on experience that helps clients bring their products to market quickly and successfully by augmenting and optimizing an organization’s technical, manufacturing, analytical, and regulatory resources.
Our technical expertise resides in a wide range of biological and oligonucleotide products including recombinant proteins, vaccines and blood products. Through the combined expertise and knowledge of our staff, we have developed proven methodologies and approaches for providing reliable and dependable services in the following areas:
Process Development and Quality by Design (QbD) including:
Design of Experiments (DOE)
Development Reports
Critical Process Parameter Evaluation
Technology Implementation, Transfer and Scale-up
On-site third party contract manufacturing support
BioAnalytical Services
Process Validation
Biotechnology Project Management
Quality Assurance
Regulatory Submissions
PAI Inspection Readiness (FDA Pre-Approval Inspection Readiness)
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
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micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
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New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
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Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
2. Regulators Increased Attention to Data Integrity
• In April, 2016, the FDA released draft guidance - “Data Integrity and Compliance With CGMP
Guidance for Industry”
• Within the guidance, the FDA notes the trend of increasing data integrity violations.
• The guidance states, “In recent years, FDA has increasingly observed CGMP violations involving
data integrity during CGMP inspections. This is troubling because ensuring data integrity is an
important component of industry’s responsibility to ensure the safety, efficacy, and quality of
drugs and of FDA’s ability to protect the public health. These data integrity-related CGMP
violations have led to numerous regulatory actions, including warning letters, import alerts, and
consent decrees.”
3. Elements of Data Integrity
• A—Attributable to the person, system, or device generating the data. The
information that is captured should identify the source of the data and accurately
record any changes made
• L—Legible and permanent. Data is to be recorded and stored in a durable
medium that ensures readability for the full period of time that the data might
need to be accessed or legally referenced
• C—Contemporaneous. Data is to be recorded as the data is generated or at the
time an event is observed
• O—Original record. In other words, a true copy. Data is to be used or presented
as it was created
• A—Accurate. Data is to be verified as being free of errors. Data accuracy is to be
demonstrated as correct via repeatable calculation, algorithm, or analysis
4. Data Integrity Systems Considerations
• Data management that assures security and reliability of data
• Compliance with 21 CFR Part 11 requirements wherever electronic records
and/or electronic signatures are used in GMP processes
• Quality System processes must properly reflect the use of computer systems and
electronic records. Computer systems should be appropriately developed,
qualified, tested, and periodically assessed to ensure that they remain in a
validated state
• Laboratory instruments associated with the established Quality System should be
identified and evaluated for their risk to GMP operations. These instruments
need to be periodically checked to assure that they remain in a validated state
5. Data Integrity Systems Considerations
• Passwords and login information should be unique to every authorized user and
should not be shared
• Thorough consideration needs to be made of time/date stamping procedures
that are not fixed and can be altered by an individual
• Data backup systems must be carefully considered to assure backups occur in a
timely manner, are accurate, and data is retrievable when needed
• Data collected manufacturing equipment controls and automation systems must
be carefully considered within the Quality System
• Data integrity evaluation must be included within a pharmaceutical company’s
audit program
6. Components of Data Integrity Assurance
Prevention
• Personnel are assigned to the proper functions & that they are properly trained
• Validated data integrity program is in place
• Proper data security measures have been taken
Detection of Problems
• Data collection, management, and storage systems must be validated to assure that data meets
ALCOA standards. Additionally, validation of data systems must thoroughly reveal how data
changes impact the intended use of the data throughout its life
Response & Security
• Data security programs must be designed to assure that data integrity remains intact. Data
security issues include data security at the physical level (in buildings, laboratories, factories,
etc.), at the computer systems level, and at the network level. Cyber hacking, and other
cybersecurity breaches, are increasing concerns and must be thoroughly addressed
7. Pharmaceutical Data Integrity Resources
FDA Draft Guidance: Data Integrity and Compliance With CGMP Guidance for Industry
MHRA GxP Data Integrity Definitions and Guidance for Industry
Elements of a Code of Conduct for Data Integrity in the Pharmaceutical Industry
Guidance: Good Practices for Data Management and Integrity in Regulated GMP/GDP Environments
Library of Data Quality, Records Management & FDA Recordkeeping Laws
8. Need Help with Pharmaceutical Data Integrity? Contact Us
717 Indian Road
Glenview, Illinois 60025
Phone: 847-730-3475
Fax: 847-730-3498
www.biotechlogic.com
Contact: Peter Dellva, Head of Business and Finance
PD@biotechlogic.com