Chandrmouli Singh from the Institute of Agri Business Management Bikaner presented on quality issues in agricultural produce. The presentation outlined definitions of quality, key quality parameters for agriculture based on standards like ISO and AGMARK. It discussed common issues with agriculture quality like bans on imports from other countries due to pesticides or contamination. These quality issues impact trade relationships and result in large economic losses for farmers and the nation. Possible solutions proposed include the role of the Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA) in enforcing standards and reducing post-harvest losses to improve quality.

1. Quality Issues in Agricultural
Presenter
Chandrmouli Singh
Institute of Agri Business Management Bikaner
19
Decembe
r 2013
MBA (AB) I Year
1

2. Outline

What is Quality

Quality Parameters for Agricultural Produce

Issues

Impact

Possible Solutions

Conclusion

References
Institute of Agri Business Management Bikaner
19
Decembe
r 2013
2

3. What is Quality

“Conformation to Specification”
Philip Crossby

Quality is the totality of features and
characteristics of a product or service that bear
on its ability to satisfy stated or implied needs
(ISO 8402/ISO 9000)
Institute of Agri Business Management Bikaner
19
Decembe
r 2013
3

4. Quality Parameters

ISO Family
 ISO
9001:2000
 ISO
15000:1998
 ISO
14001:2004
 ISO
22000:2005

AGMARK

HACCP
Institute of Agri Business Management Bikaner
19
Decembe
r 2013
Contd.
4

5. 
BRC

IFS

CODEX

SQF 2000

OHSAS 18001
Institute of Agri Business Management Bikaner
19
Decembe
r 2013
5
Contd.

6. 
Food Safety and Standard Act, 2006
 PFA,1954
 Essential Commodity Act,
 Fruit
Product Order
 Marine Food
Product Order
 Vegetable and
 Edible Oil
 Milk
1955
Oil (control) Order
Packaging (regulation) Order
and Milk Produce Order
Institute of Agri Business Management Bikaner
19
Decembe
r 2013
6

7. Issues
Institute of Agri Business Management Bikaner
19
Decembe
r 2013
7

8. Ban on Imports

Indian mangoes arrive in the U.S. after long
hiatus ( May 1, 2007, CNN Money)

Trouble spells for corn exporters as Vietnam
rejects shipments ( December 23, 2011 Business
Line)

After 2 years, city grapes to be served on German
tables (March 3, 2012 The Times of India)

Japan rejects prawn order, Odisha exporters
worried (September 27,2012 The Indian Express)
Institute of Agri Business Management Bikaner
19
Decembe
r 2013
Cont.
8

9. 
US rejects India's basmati exports due to
pesticides, price falls 23.5% (September 24, 2012
www.fbnews.com)

EU rejects three okra consignments from India
(November 29, 2012 Business Line)

Groundnut exporters' woes continueRussia's ban on groundnut imports from India
raises quality concern ( April 23,2013 Business
Standards)
Institute of Agri Business Management Bikaner
19
Decembe
r 2013
9

10. Lack of Awareness Among People
Table I: Awareness about the types of certificates
Certifications
Exporters and
Promoters
Customers
Retailers
ISO:9001:2000
96.84
85
90.63
HACCP
24.21
64
93.75
BRC
11.58
10
34.37
ISO:22000:2005
12.63
68
68.75
-
5
18.75
IFS
3.16
6
15.63
GMP
1.05
12
56.25
Global GAP
1.05
6
28.13
SQF 2000
Source: Sharma. Rajesh. Sharma Madhu. And Divashree. (2009) Awareness and
Status of Food Safety Certificates in India. National Conference on “Innovative
Marketing Strategies: Current Trends”. Pg 391-398
19
Institute of Agri Business Management Bikaner
Decembe
r 2013
10

11. Health Related Issues
Table II: Top five pathogens contributing to domestically acquired
food borne illnesses
Pathogen
Estimated number of illnesses
Norovirus
54,61,731
Salmonella, nontyphoidal
10,27,561
Clostridium perfringens
9,65,958
Campylobacter spp.
8,45,024
Staphylococcus aureus
2,41,148
Source: http://www.cdc.gov/foodsafety/facts.html
Institute of Agri Business Management Bikaner
19
Decembe
r 2013
11

12. Impact
Institute of Agri Business Management Bikaner
19
Decembe
r 2013
12

13. Loss to Nation and Farmers

50% decline in Grape export which cost about ₹
535.34 cr. (2010-11)

US rejected Okra of ₹51 cr. (2010-11)

Vietnam rejected ₹91.74 cr. corn (2011-12)

Shrimp of ₹
177 cr. rejected by Japan (2011-12)

Every year 20% of Indian consignments get
rejected which cost about ₹17221.36 cr.
http://agriexchange.apeda.gov.in/indexp/18headgenReportmonth.aspx#content
Institute of Agri Business Management Bikaner
19
Decembe
r 2013
13

14. Effect on Trade Relationship
Graph I: India Export of Principle Commodities Value in ₹ Cr (2011KUWAIT
12)
2%
Total: ₹86018.261Cr.
BANGLADESH PR
3%
MALAYSIA
4%
INDONESIA
5%
SAUDI ARAB
7%
IRAN
4%
NIGERIA
2%
others
39%
UAE
8%
USA
18%
VIETNAM SOC REP
8%
Contd.
http://agriexchange.apeda.gov.in/indexp/18headgenReportmonth.aspx#content
Institute of Agri Business Management Bikaner
19
Decembe
r 2013
14

15. Graph II: Major importing countries of Grape and exported value in lakh ₹
18000
16000
14000
12000
10000
8000
6000
4000
2000
0
14092.24
13989.1
12440.29
6448.44
5490.48
4092.24
3531.1
2009-10
2010-11
2011-12
http://agriexchange.apeda.gov.in/Market%20Profile/MOA/Product/GRAPES.pdf
19
Institute of Agri Business Management Bikaner
Decembe
r 2013
15

16. Expenses on Illness

Estimated cost of food borne illness in USA $152 billion annually

Indian scenario
Total no. of labours
in India
487 million
Average sick leave
7-10 days
3409 million
If we pay
₹ 100 only
₹340900 million
http://www.njeha.org/pdf/Michelle%20Malavet%20-%20Foodborne%20Illness%20Prevention.pdf
http://www.citehr.com/17068-leaves-per-law-company-policy.html
19
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labour_in_India
Institute of Agri Business Management Bikaner
Decembe
r 2013
16

17. Some Facts

With investment of ₹
17221.36 cr.

We can make
 Fund
 Mid
for ICDS (₹17700 cr.)
Day Meal Scheme (₹
13215 cr.)
 Rastriya Madyamik
 Medical Education
Institute of Agri Business Management Bikaner
19
Decembe
r 2013
Siksha Abiyan (₹3983 cr.)
and training (₹4727 cr.)
17

18. Possible Solutions

Role of APEDA

Global GAP

Formulation of new standards

Post Harvest Technology
Institute of Agri Business Management Bikaner
19
Decembe
r 2013
18

19. Conclusion

We need to create awareness among people about
Food Safety Certification

Short term training program and up-dated
literature may reduce losses due to ban

We need to control post harvest losses to secure
better quality production
Institute of Agri Business Management Bikaner
19
Decembe
r 2013
19

20. References

Sharma. Rajesh. Sharma Madhu. And Divashree. (2009)
Awareness and Status of Food Safety Certificates in India.
National Conference on “Innovative Marketing Strategies:
Current Trends”. Pg 391-398

Magazine: Agribusiness and Food Industry

Production and Operation Management: Kanishka Bedi

http://www.citehr.com/17068-leaves-per-law-companypolicy.html

http://agriexchange.apeda.gov.in/indexp/18headgenReport
month.aspx#content

http://www.cdc.gov/foodsafety/facts.html
Institute of Agri Business Management Bikaner
19
Decembe
r 2013
20

21. 
www.cert-int.com/

http://mofpi.nic.in/

http://www.iso.org/

http://www.standardsglossary.com/

http://www.fao.org/

www.indiastat.com/

http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/industry-andeconomy/agri-biz/trouble-spells-for-corn-exporters-asvietnam-rejects-shipments/article2741758.ece

http://www.downtoearth.org.in/node/290
Institute of Agri Business Management Bikaner
19
Decembe
r 2013
21

22. 
http://newindianexpress.com/states/odisha/article1274751.e
ce

http://news.agropages.com/Feature/FeatureDetail--911.htm

http://www.hindu.com/2009/06/15/stories/2009061556581
800.htm

http://www.globalgap.org/uk_en/what-we-do/the-ggsystem/certification/list-of-accreditation-bodies/
Institute of Agri Business Management Bikaner
19
Decembe
r 2013
22

23. “Quality is never an accident, it is always
the result of intelligent effort”
Institute of Agri Business Management Bikaner
19
Decembe
r 2013
23