This is a material for Senior High School students and teachers for their Research in Daily Life 1 class.

1. Qualitative
Research
Designs and
Methods
Presented by: Maria Nina Javier-De Leon

2. Types of Qualitative
Research
• BASIC INTERPRETIVE QUALITATIVE STUDY
• PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY
• GROUNDED THEORY STUDY
• CASE STUDIES
• ETHNOGRAPHIC STUDY
• CONTENT AND DISCOURSE ANALYSIS
• HISTORICAL ANALYSIS

3. Basic Interpretive
Qualitative Study
• This can be used when an instructor is interested
in how students make meaning of a situation or
phenomenon.
• This uses an inductive strategy, collecting data
from interviews, observations, or document
analysis (e.g., students’ written work).
• Analysis is of patterns or common themes and the
outcome is a rich descriptive account that makes
reference to the literature that helped frame the
study.

4. Phenomenological
Study
• This can be used to study “live-experienced” of a
phenomenon.
• This aims to find the essence or structure of an
experience by explaining how complex meanings
are built out of simple units of inner experience.,
• Example: Study of the Lived Experiences of Social
Studies Teachers: Constructing Ideas about
Democratic Citizenship and Teaching

5. Grounded Theory
Study
• This takes place when there is a discovery of new
theory which underlies your study at the time of
data collection and analysis.
• Derives from collected data a theory that is
“grounded” in the data, but therefore localized,
dealing with a specific situation
• Example: Ten school counselors were given
structured interviews to help determine how their
professional identity is formed. This data was
coded first to form concepts and then to form
connections between concepts.

6. Case Study
• A long-time study of a person, group, organization
or situation and an empirical inquiry that
investigates a contemporary phenomenon within
its real-life context. The case can be an individual,
person, event, group or an institution.
• Example: The faculty of a small Southern
Historically Black College was examined in order
to examine concerns of a digital divide between
predominantly White colleges and Historically
Black Colleges and Universities.

7. Ethnographic Study
• A study of a particular cultural group
• It is less a method of data collection and more the
use of a sociocultural lens through which the data
are interpreted. Extensive fieldwork is usually
required in order to give a cultural interpretation of
the data and immersion in the culture is common.
• Example: Multilingualism: An Ethnographic Study
on Maranao School Children in Sorsogon City,
Philippines

8. Content and
Discourse Analysis
• Content Analysis- is a research technique that
analyzes the modes of communication such as
letters, e-mails etc.
• Discourse Analysis- is the study of social life,
understood through analysis of language it
includes face-to-face talk, non-verbal interaction,
images and symbols.

9. Content and
Discourse Analysis
• Content Analysis- is a research technique that
analyzes the modes of communication such as
letters, e-mails etc.
• Discourse Analysis- is the study of social life,
understood through analysis of language it
includes face-to-face talk, non-verbal interaction,
images and symbols.

10. Historical Analysis
• This is a qualitative method where there is an
examining of past events to draw conclusions and
make predictions about the future.

11. Values of Qualitative Research
It unveil individual’s
perception, feelings &
attitudes about a certain
topic.
Information is precise
and reliable since it
promotes collaboration
of the researchers and
others as well.
It also stimulates
people’s
interdependence or
interpersonal
relationships.

12. Prominent
Methods
(Qualitative
Research)
Focus group discussions are a great way to indulge a
group of interviewees and respondents, by posing
questions that are then subject to discussion by the
group.
FOCUS GROUP DISCUSSIONS
This method for qualitative research entails the
researcher embedding himself or herself in a group
setting and observing intently to note down nuanced
descriptions of the setting under study.
PARTICIPANT OBSERVATION

13. Prominent
Methods
(Qualitative
Research)
Interviews are one of the most common qualitative
methods used, to allow access to individual and
personal narratives and responses. Interviews serve as
the conduit to rich data, which is often then transcribed
to capture in-depth personal reflections.
INTERVIEWS
Content analysis of documents or videos provides for a
close reading of such articles. It allows the examination
of how words, figures, pictures, and texts deliver
meaning, and offer explications of cultures. Content
analysis yields codes and categories, upon being
subject to rigorous analysis.
CONTENT ANALYSIS

14. Prominent
Methods
(Qualitative
Research)
This method makes use of the already existing reliable
documents and similar sources of information as the
data source. This data can be used in new research.
This is similar to going to a library. There one can go
over books and other reference material to collect
relevant data that can likely be used in the research.
RECORD KEEPING