Bilingualism || Introduction to BilingualismAjEmpire
Introduction to bilingualism. This is for educational purposes. In this everything related to bilingualism such as overview, introduction, etymology, Bilingual and its types, Bilingualism and its types, advantages and disadvantages have been discussed. This would be helpful in better understanding bilingualism.
Have a conceptual understanding of language; Inderstand the language background of students as first or second language users of the language used in teaching the subject; Understand multilingualism in the classroom, school language and home language;
Develop sensitivity with respect to language diversity that exists in the classroom;
Understand the nature of classroom discourse
Socio-cultural Dimensions of English as a Second Language by Rekha Aslam (Un...Parth Bhatt
The creative exploration of linguistic resources reflect the values of different socio-cultural traits. The Indian reality is manifested at many levels of language organization from borrowing, lone creation to idiom, metaphor, symbolism and so on..
This presentation is all about the importance of English as a LIBRARY LANGUAGE , LINK LANGUAGE ,LANGUAGE FOR EMPLOYMENT,WINDOW ON THE WORLD ,GLOBAL LANGUAGE,LANGUAGE FOR TRADE ,LANGUAGE FOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Bilingualism || Introduction to BilingualismAjEmpire
Introduction to bilingualism. This is for educational purposes. In this everything related to bilingualism such as overview, introduction, etymology, Bilingual and its types, Bilingualism and its types, advantages and disadvantages have been discussed. This would be helpful in better understanding bilingualism.
Have a conceptual understanding of language; Inderstand the language background of students as first or second language users of the language used in teaching the subject; Understand multilingualism in the classroom, school language and home language;
Develop sensitivity with respect to language diversity that exists in the classroom;
Understand the nature of classroom discourse
Socio-cultural Dimensions of English as a Second Language by Rekha Aslam (Un...Parth Bhatt
The creative exploration of linguistic resources reflect the values of different socio-cultural traits. The Indian reality is manifested at many levels of language organization from borrowing, lone creation to idiom, metaphor, symbolism and so on..
This presentation is all about the importance of English as a LIBRARY LANGUAGE , LINK LANGUAGE ,LANGUAGE FOR EMPLOYMENT,WINDOW ON THE WORLD ,GLOBAL LANGUAGE,LANGUAGE FOR TRADE ,LANGUAGE FOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
The generalized definition of the word bilingualism, is the ability to use two/ more languages.
• However, scholars like Peter A Hornby (1997; 3) quoted Bloomfield’s definition which says “the term bilingualism should be applied to those individuals who possesses a native-like like ability in both languages
Types of Bilingualism
1- Early bilingualism - there are two types: simultaneous early bilingualism and consecutive (or successive) early bilingualism.
Simultaneous early bilingualism refers to a child who learns two languages at the same time, from birth.
Successive early bilingualism refers to a child who has already partially acquired a first language and then learned a second language early in childhood (for example, when the child moves into an environment where the dominant language is not his or her mother tongue).
2- Late bilingualism – refers to bilingualism when the second language is learned after the age of 6 or 7; especially when it is learned in adolescence or adulthood.
Late bilingualism is a consecutive bilingualism which occurs after the acquisition of the first language (after the childhood language development period). This is what also distinguishes it from early bilingualism. With the first language already acquired, the late bilingual uses their experience to learn the second language.
3- Additive bilingualism and subtractive bilingualism – The term additive -bilingualism refers to the situation where a person has acquired the two languages in a balanced manner. It is a strong bilingualism.
Subtractive bilingualism refers to the situation where a person learns the second language to the detriment of the first language, especially if the first language is a minority language. In this case, mastery of the first language decreases, while mastery of the other language (usually the dominant language) increases.
4- Negative bilingualism - refers to the ability to understand a second language without being able to speak it. Children who respond appropriately in English when addressed in French can become passive bilinguals, as they have less mastery of oral expression in French.
Pronunciation and philippine dictionaries (philippine lexicography)Sheng Nuesca
Pronunciation is the act or result of producing the sounds of speech, including articulation, stress, and intonation, often with reference to some standard of correctness or acceptability (Dictionary.com)
Language across the curriculum (LAC) relates to linking different forms and aspects of language education within the school, particularly emphasizing the role of language in all subject-matter learning.
The preeceding disscusion of language contact shows that multilingualism involves not only a division of labor but also a great deal of give and take between languages.
Kohn 2013 Intercultural communicative competence: an English as a lingua fran...Kurt Kohn
In my presentation, I focus on the roots of intercultural communicative competence in ordinary everyday communication. I first trace the development of models of communicative competence from Hymes (1972) to Canale & Swain (1980) and Leung (2004). Against this background, I introduce the social-constructivist "My English" condition (Kohn 2011) according to which learners acquire English by developing their own versions of it in processes of individual and collaborative creative construction. I then discuss the nature of non-native speaker English from the perspective of ownership in a globalized world of communication seemingly torn between foreign language learners’ orientation towards Standard English and the requirements of communication in English as a lingua franca (ELF). In their attempt to establish a ‘third space’ of intercultural communication, lingua franca users of English are faced with the challenge of learning to explore and trust their own non-native speaker creativity in collaborative processes of accommodation and meaning negotiation. As an illustration I use examples from an ELF corpus of critical incident discussions.
The generalized definition of the word bilingualism, is the ability to use two/ more languages.
• However, scholars like Peter A Hornby (1997; 3) quoted Bloomfield’s definition which says “the term bilingualism should be applied to those individuals who possesses a native-like like ability in both languages
Types of Bilingualism
1- Early bilingualism - there are two types: simultaneous early bilingualism and consecutive (or successive) early bilingualism.
Simultaneous early bilingualism refers to a child who learns two languages at the same time, from birth.
Successive early bilingualism refers to a child who has already partially acquired a first language and then learned a second language early in childhood (for example, when the child moves into an environment where the dominant language is not his or her mother tongue).
2- Late bilingualism – refers to bilingualism when the second language is learned after the age of 6 or 7; especially when it is learned in adolescence or adulthood.
Late bilingualism is a consecutive bilingualism which occurs after the acquisition of the first language (after the childhood language development period). This is what also distinguishes it from early bilingualism. With the first language already acquired, the late bilingual uses their experience to learn the second language.
3- Additive bilingualism and subtractive bilingualism – The term additive -bilingualism refers to the situation where a person has acquired the two languages in a balanced manner. It is a strong bilingualism.
Subtractive bilingualism refers to the situation where a person learns the second language to the detriment of the first language, especially if the first language is a minority language. In this case, mastery of the first language decreases, while mastery of the other language (usually the dominant language) increases.
4- Negative bilingualism - refers to the ability to understand a second language without being able to speak it. Children who respond appropriately in English when addressed in French can become passive bilinguals, as they have less mastery of oral expression in French.
Pronunciation and philippine dictionaries (philippine lexicography)Sheng Nuesca
Pronunciation is the act or result of producing the sounds of speech, including articulation, stress, and intonation, often with reference to some standard of correctness or acceptability (Dictionary.com)
Language across the curriculum (LAC) relates to linking different forms and aspects of language education within the school, particularly emphasizing the role of language in all subject-matter learning.
The preeceding disscusion of language contact shows that multilingualism involves not only a division of labor but also a great deal of give and take between languages.
Kohn 2013 Intercultural communicative competence: an English as a lingua fran...Kurt Kohn
In my presentation, I focus on the roots of intercultural communicative competence in ordinary everyday communication. I first trace the development of models of communicative competence from Hymes (1972) to Canale & Swain (1980) and Leung (2004). Against this background, I introduce the social-constructivist "My English" condition (Kohn 2011) according to which learners acquire English by developing their own versions of it in processes of individual and collaborative creative construction. I then discuss the nature of non-native speaker English from the perspective of ownership in a globalized world of communication seemingly torn between foreign language learners’ orientation towards Standard English and the requirements of communication in English as a lingua franca (ELF). In their attempt to establish a ‘third space’ of intercultural communication, lingua franca users of English are faced with the challenge of learning to explore and trust their own non-native speaker creativity in collaborative processes of accommodation and meaning negotiation. As an illustration I use examples from an ELF corpus of critical incident discussions.
Beyond communicative language teaching: new sociolinguistic realities, new ch...Kurt Kohn
Over the past decades, the concepts and principles of communicative language teaching have significantly shaped how foreign languages are taught in our educational institutions. Success is largely measured and experienced in relation to Standard English communication with native speakers, which, however, is in stark contrast with profound changes outside the English classroom. The expanding use of English around the world as a global lingua franca for intercultural communication has led to new “sociolinguistic realities” not only for second language speakers of English in post-colonial contexts but also for speakers of English as a foreign language and, last but not least, for native speakers as well. Against the backdrop of a social constructivist perspective, I will explore some of the challenges and opportunities these changes provide for English language teaching. Special attention will be given to a pedagogical approach that incorporates speaker-centered notions like ownership and satisfaction, and aims to help learners develop their own voice and non-native speaker creativity while maintaining an overall Standard English orientation.
Kohn 2018_ELF - From research to pedagogy_RELC Conf 12-14 March 2018Kurt Kohn
The evolution of research on English as a lingua franca (ELF) is characterized by three major paradigm shifts from ‘variety’ to ‘communicative use’ to ‘translanguaging practice’. These shifts are accompanied by pedagogical suggestions for ELT, which all have in common that they are generally met with suspicion and resistance from ELT professionals (e.g. “Do you want me to teach incorrect English?”). In my talk I will address this conflict between ELT and ELF with the aim of reconciliation. From the perspective of a social constructivist understanding of language learning and communication, special attention will be given to a reconceptualization of Communicative Language Teaching focusing on three issues: a creatively open pedagogical orientation towards Standard (Native Speaker) English, speaker satisfaction as an endonormative criterion of communicative success, and implementation of English (or any other target language) as a pedagogical lingua franca. Results from pedagogical research projects in the European secondary school context will be used to discuss the pedagogical potential of telecollaboration for involving learners of English in authentic intercultural communication and thereby helping them to develop an emancipated non-native speaker identity and thus to become speakers of English.
Objective:
Explain the important insights and reasons of multilingual education in making education more responsive to cultural diversity.
Appreciate the value of using his/her own mother tongue in dealing with any classroom situations, and
Simulate different classroom situation using their own mother tongue.
AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES AND ISLAMIC STUDIES RESEARCH (AJHISR)
Vol.1, Issue 1, Jul-15 to Dec-15
Abstract:
Languages are tools that connect people globally and help them acquire knowledge. It is a highly critical decision to choose a language or a set of languages for inclusion in curriculum in a manner that would be most productive at personal, community and national level. What we need to see in our next generation has to be ‘sowed the seeds for’ today. Our study present an overview of choices related to languages inclusion in curriculum for Muslim children from the perspective of acquiring local languages, Arabic, English and other international languages. Findings suggest that learning this set comprising of 4 languages is already practiced in different cultures and institutions. However selection of languages to be included in mix needs be carefully considered. Paper also highlights factors that govern influence of a particular language globally or for communities and recommend a set of languages that can be adopted for curriculum with further research.
mengetahui fenomena pengulangan ayat dan kata dalam al quran dapat dengan mudah dilakukan dengan qsoft. sila unduh di www.elra.or.id untuk qsoft v.7.05
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
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The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
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1. Q U R A N L A N G U A G E I N T E G R A T E D L E A R N I N G
P O W E R E D B Y Q S O F T V . 8 . 0 3
QuLIL by
ELRA
2. WHY QUR’ANIC RESOURCES?
Integral-Holistic
Vertical Language (First Language/Arabic First)
English as a second language (tools for learning)
Paradigm shift in the global era
Multiple Intelligence, creativity
Polyglot tendency (prulingual)
3. VERTICAL VS.HORIZONTAL
QUR’AN, arabic TORAH, hebrew (ibriyah) BIBLE, aramaic (suryani)
Language classification: Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, Central, South, Arabic
Dialects: Classical Arabic, Koranic Arabic, Modern Literary Arabic, Modern
Standard Arabic, Quranic Arabic
Also spoken in: United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Djibouti, Denmark, Algeria,
Egypt, Eritrea, Israel, Iraq, Jordan, Comoros, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco,
Oman, Palestinian West Bank and Gaza, Qatar, Sudan, Somalia, Syria, Chad,
Tunisia, Tanzania, Yemen, Indonesia, South East Asia, China
Region: Widespread. Also in Algeria, Bahrain, Chad, Comoros, Denmark,
Djibouti, Egypt, Eritrea, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya,
Mauritania, Morocco, Oman, Palestine, Qatar, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tanzania,
Tunisia, United Arab Emirates, Western Sahara, Yemen.
http://www.verbix.com/maps/where-do-they-speak/
https://www.ethnologue.com/statistics/family
4. Literature Review
NAK Linguistic miracle and
divine speech program
Du Coyle on CLIL
Pimsleur and A.J Hoge method
(drilling on listening)
Computational Linguistic (qsoft)
5. 4c Du coyle plus Quran
Content: progression in knowledge and
skills;
Communication : interaction and using
language to learn;
Cognition: engagement: thinking and
undertanding;
Culture: self and other awareness/
citizenship.
6. MODEL QuLIL
Successful language learning can be achieved when
people have the opportunity to receive instruction, and
at the same time experience real-life situations in
which they can acquire the language.
What QuLIL can offer to learners of any age, is a more
natural situation for language development which
builds on Qur’anic forms of learning. This natural use
of language can boost a learner’s motivation towards
learning languages. It is this naturalness which
appears to be one of the major platforms for CLIL’s
importance and success in relation to both language
and other subject learning.
7. Áine Furlong, W.I.T., February 2009
Challenge 1
Transforming
content
into
comprehensible
input
1. Sensitisation :
Sensorial
Cognitive
Plurilingual
Communicative
approaches
2. Research:
Mapping one’s
understanding.
Task-based
Learning.
Learner
Autonomy.
Challenge 2
Generating
comprehensible
output
3. Development :
Learner takes
responsibility
for sharing
knowledge.
4. Consolidation
(language)
and
synthesis
(content):
Lexical, cognitive
and communicative
approaches
8. Stages
1. The first stage aims to trigger cognitive operations such as
‘noticing’ (Skehan 1998). The act of noticing is the result of
another cognitive operation, namely, recognising. This is
reminiscent of the story telling approach at primary level. The
methodologies are cognitive, plurilingual and communicative
2.During the second stage, autonomous principles are
encouraged. Task-based learning also comes into play.
3.In the development phase, students take responsibility for the
teaching of certain aspects of the content (cognitive and
communicative methodologies)
4.The last stage consolidates the language and synthesises the
new knowledge by introducing conceptual tasks around the
initial topic (Bloom’s taxonomy is a useful tool). Lexical,
cognitive, communicative approaches
9. QLIL Principle
CONTENT
Progression in knowledge, skills and
understanding related to specific elements of
Quranic curriculum.
COMMUNICATION
Using language to learn - whilst learning to use
language.
COGNITION
Developing thinking skills which link concept
formation, understanding and language
CULTURE
Exposure to alternative perspectives and
shared understandings.
10. Principle in using the language
Language is a system which relates what is being talked
about (content) and the means used to talk about it
(expression). Linguistic content is inseparable from
linguistic expression. In subject matter learning we
overlook the role of language as a medium of learning and
in language learning we overlook the fact that content is
being communicated.
Paradox???
11. KS1
Construct meaning from texts
KS2
Guess the meaning of unknown words
by using pictorial and contextual clues
Identify key words for the main idea
in a sentence
Understand the information on the
book cover and contents page
Recognise the features
of some common text types
Progressive Development of Language Skills
from KS1 to KS2
Work out the meaning of unknown words by
using word association, visual clues,
context & knowledge of the world
Skim a text to obtain the main ideas
Understand intention, attitudes
and feelings conveyed in a text
Understand the information provided on
the book cover, index and glossary
Recognise the features of a variety of
text types
12. The critical aspects of literacy development
Vocabulary knowledge
Comprehension
Reading texts
Aspects of writing
Aspects of speaking
Phonics
Phonemic awareness
Concepts about print
Unconstrained skills
Constrained skills
13. The cornerstones of quality literacy teaching
Explicit Systematic
Balanced Integrated
Task 1
14. The Four Literacy Resources model
When effective literacy learners interact with texts, they
draw on these four resources in an integrated way.
Literacy capabilities
Code-breaking
resources
Meaning–making
resources
Text-using
resources
Text-analysing
resources
Task 2
15. Excerpts From ELRA modul
Summary of the Qur’an
Why Mahjuuran
Story of Robert Davilla