The presentation shows how few faults leads to a cause that puts a bad effect on the placement of students in a college. It is prepared by Anubha Shukla, Silky Jain and Sneh Nidhi

1. Poor placement of
students
Depicted using Cause-Effect Diagram

2. What is cause-effect diagram?
 It is a tool that helps identify, sort, and display possible
causes of a specific problem.
 It was created by Kaoru Ishikawa in 1968.
 The Cause-effect diagram is also called:
 Fishbone Diagram-because of the way it looks
 Ishikawa Diagram for the inventor, Dr. Kaoru Ishikawa.
Problem/
Desired
Improvement
Main Category
Cause
Root Cause

3. When should Cause-Effect diagram be used?
It can be used by a team working on a problem to:-
 Identify the root cause along with the basic reasons for the
problem.
 Sort out and relate some of the interactions among the
factors affecting a particular process.
 Analyze the problem so that action can be taken for its
solution.
 Lessen the probability of the occurrence of causes again.

4. Why Should Cause-Effect Diagram be used?
 Helps determine the root causes of a problem.
 Utilizes group knowledge of the process while creation.
 Uses an orderly, easy-to-read format to diagram the
problem/effect.
 Increases knowledge of the process by its structured,
pictorial display of the list of causes.
 Identifies areas where data should be collected for further
study.
 Indicates possible causes of variation in a process.

5.  Decide the Effect to be examined.
 Write the effect in the box and join a horizontal spine to it.
 Identify the main causes contributing to the effect.
 Branches from the spine are used to mark them.
 At the top of the branch, write the main cause.
 Identify causes for each main cause, i.e., treat main cause
as the effect.
 Sub-causes are represented as sub-branch of the major branch.
 Identify increasingly more detailed levels of causes by
using why-why logic.
 Continue organizing them under related causes or categories by sub-
branches
How do we develop a Cause-Effect Diagram?

6. Poor placement of students explained using
fishbone diagram
Poor
placement
College
Large batch size
Unavailability of students
Competition
among colleges
Poor guidance
Education
Poor interpersonal skills
Low grades
Average
teacher
Poor communication
Poor programming skills
College-corporate
relation
Low information
about corporate
Declination of MNCs’ interest
Non-supportive
placement cell
Non-supportive
administration
Student
Wrong path
selected
Lack of seriousness
Desire to pursue
higher education
Unwillingness
Desire to
work abroad
Higher pay
High
growth rate
Company
No fix date to visit
Few core
companies
No security
Average package

7. Root Causes
The basic root causes for poor placement are
 High jump in batch size.
 Poor impersonal skill.
 Poor Management.
These can be solved by following few methods.
Some of the solutions that could be followed are stated in
following slides.

8.  Limited students should be admitted.
 Intake of deserving students should be done.
 Batch size should be decided according to the availability of
seats.
 Number of students should be maintained as such the
college can provide good teachers, lab facility and quality
education.
 Incase of large strength, administration should provide
proper educational facilities and should bear the
responsibility for recruitment of the students.

9.  Providing personality development classes to students.
 Interactive sessions should be held to educate students
regarding placements.
 Students should take part in extra curricular activities
which helps to boost their confidence.
 Social and general awareness can be gained by reading
newspapers and watching news.
 Students should work on their facial expressions, postures ,
speaking skills and gestures to improve their personalities.

10.  Pre-planning, of the companies to be invited should be
done.
 Healthy relations between college and corporate world
should be maintained.
 Time to time guidance to students should be provided.
 Suggestions from students should be considered.
 Proper placement cell should be maintained.

11. From this we learned…
 The Cause-Effect Diagram is a quality control tool, we can
use it clarify various problems and causes.
 Through Cause-Effect analysis we are able to discover the
root cause of the poor placement of student.
 Through this we are able to identify the main problem
related to student, problem faced by the student ,why the
corporate world shows less inclination towards some college
and the role of management in placement and we are also
able to find the solution of the above given problem.
 Through this activity we have learned to use and understand
Cause-Effect Diagram and how to indicate possible cause of
variation.