Punctuation
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Punctuation marks are used in writing to structure sentences and clarify meaning. The main punctuation marks are the period, question mark, exclamation mark, comma, apostrophe, and quotation marks. Each punctuation mark has a specific grammatical purpose, such as ending a sentence, asking a question, or showing possession. Proper use of punctuation is important for clear communication.
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Punctuation marks are used to separate groups of meaning, convey variations in speech, and avoid ambiguity. The document then lists and describes various punctuation marks including periods, commas, apostrophes, quotation marks, parentheses, colons, semicolons, dashes, ellipses, exclamation points, hyphens, question marks, and slashes. It provides examples of how each mark is used in writing.
Punctuation
We use punctuation for several reasons: to separate groups of meaning, convey variations in speech, and avoid ambiguity. The document then defines and provides examples of common punctuation marks including periods, commas, apostrophes, quotation marks, parentheses, colons, semicolons, hyphens, brackets, dashes, ellipses, exclamation points, and question marks. It explains the various uses of each mark to clarify meaning and properly structure written language.
Punctuation powerpoint presentation
This English lesson covers punctuation rules for 9th grade students. It discusses the proper use of commas, semicolons, apostrophes, quotation marks, hyphens, parentheses, capital letters, full stops, exclamation points, and question marks. Examples are provided to illustrate when to use each punctuation mark correctly in sentences. The lesson concludes by listing references used to develop the material presented.
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The document lists and defines common irregular verbs. It provides the present, past, and past participle forms of many irregular verbs, asking the reader to fill them in. Some examples given are blow/blew/blown, break/broke/broken, and catch/caught/caught. It also notes that the past participle form of verbs needs helping words like have, has, or been. A list of helping words is provided. Finally, it advertises various exercises and games for practicing irregular verbs.
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Prepositions are words that indicate location and placement, such as on, with, under, in, between, across, near, over, into, behind, and from. Examples are provided to demonstrate how prepositions are used before nouns to describe where things are located in relation to other objects, such as the teaspoon being beside the saucer, the bag being full of chips, and Baby Jesus being in the manger.
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There are 6 apples on a tree. 2 fall off, leaving 4 apples remaining.
At a party, 57 balloons fly down. 19 of them burst, leaving 38 balloons remaining.
The shopkeeper has 32 Easter eggs. He sells 17 eggs, leaving 15 eggs remaining.
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The document discusses lines of symmetry in shapes and objects. It provides examples of different types of shapes and the number of lines of symmetry each shape contains, such as one with one horizontal line, one with one vertical and one horizontal line, and one with eight lines of symmetry. The document is teaching about the concept of lines of symmetry and providing students with examples of different symmetrical shapes and objects.
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The document discusses lines of symmetry in shapes and objects. It provides examples of different types of shapes and the number of lines of symmetry each shape contains, such as one with one horizontal line, one with one vertical and one horizontal line, and one with eight lines of symmetry. The document is teaching about the different ways that lines of symmetry can divide a shape or object into equal parts.
Solid Shapes
This document describes various solid shapes including cubes, cuboids, cylinders, cones, spheres, and prisms. It provides details on the number of faces, edges, and vertices for each shape. Specifically, it notes that cubes and cuboids both have 6 faces, 12 edges, and 8 vertices, while cylinders have 3 faces, 2 edges, and no vertices. Cones have 2 faces, 1 edge, and 1 vertex, and spheres have 1 face and no edges or vertices. Prisms have 5 faces, 9 edges, and 6 vertices.
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This document discusses place value with decimals. It provides examples of writing numbers in expanded form such as 2354.3 as two thousand three hundred fifty-four and three tenths. It also shows fractions as decimals by dividing the numerator by the denominator such as 7/10 as 0.7. Several problems ask the reader to identify what fraction is represented by a decimal such as 0.46 = 46/100.
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The document contains examples of numeric patterns involving multiples of 2, 5, and 10. It then provides challenges to identify multiples before and after given numbers for multiples of 3, and later extends the challenge to other multiples.
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This document introduces fractions and their key concepts:
1. A fraction represents a part of a whole and is written with two numbers - the numerator on top and the denominator on the bottom.
2. Fractions can be equivalent if the numerator and denominator are multiplied or divided by the same number.
3. Fractions can be proper if the numerator is less than the denominator, or improper if the numerator is greater than the denominator. Improper fractions can be converted to mixed numbers.
4. Having a common denominator makes it easier to compare, add, and subtract fractions.
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The document defines fractions including proper fractions, improper fractions, and mixed numbers. It provides examples of fractions written in fractional form with numerators and denominators. Key terms are introduced such as the numerator, denominator, proper fractions which are less than 1, improper fractions which are greater than 1, and mixed numbers which are a combination of a whole number and a fraction. Examples of adding and converting between proper, improper, and mixed numbers are also included.
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The document provides information about calculating the areas of different shapes using squares or square units. It includes examples of finding the areas of rectangles, triangles, letters of the alphabet, and irregular shapes by counting whole and half squares. Various area formulas are presented, such as Area = length x breadth. Word problems demonstrate calculating areas of real-world objects like fields, stadiums, and ponds.
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Book 5 N20 notes
Dividing by powers of 2 involves repeatedly halving the number. Dividing by 4 involves halving twice, by 8 involves halving 3 times. Dividing by numbers like 6 and 12 that are products of 2 and 3 involve first halving then dividing by 3, or halving twice and then dividing by 3.
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This document discusses multiplying and dividing by 10 and 100. It explains that when multiplying by 10, a 0 is added to the end of the number, and when multiplying by 100, two 0s are added. For division, it states that when dividing by 10 the last 0 is removed, and when dividing by 100 the last two 0s are removed. Examples are provided to demonstrate these rules.
Book 5 N1 and N2
1. This document discusses place value and rounding numbers. It explains that in the number 5,624: thousands place is 5, hundreds is 6, tens is 2, and units is 4.
2. When writing numbers with thousands, there should always be 3 digits after the thousands place. For example, 5,624.
3. When writing numbers with millions, there should always be 6 digits after the millions place. For example, 5,000,000.
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Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
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- 1. Punctuation The putting in writing to give sense in the sentence, phrase etc.