This document discusses prepositions and capitalization rules in English. It defines prepositions as words that indicate relationships between other words in a sentence. It provides examples of different types of prepositions including place, time, direction, and spatial relationships. The document also outlines rules for capitalization in English, such as capitalizing the first word of a sentence, proper nouns, days/months/holidays, cities/countries, and time periods/events. Examples are given to illustrate the usage of each rule.

1. English Presentation
Preposition
&
Capitalization

2. Group members
Ahmad Manzoor
Areeba Imtiaz
Ali Zafar
Ahmad Qayyum
Badar Umer
Jehanzaib

3. • A word or group of words used before
a noun, pronoun, or noun phrase.
• Indicate relationships between other
words in a sentence.
• Also express spatial and temporal
relationships between parts of a
sentence.
• Some examples of prepositions are
words like "in," "at," "on," "of," and "to."
Preposition

4. • I should rewrite the introduction of my essay.
• Dan ate lunch with his boss.
• Did you send that letter to your mother?
• We arrived at the house in the afternoon.
• The tiger jumped onto my face.
Examples:

5. • Prepositions of Place/Location.
• Prepositions of Time.
• Prepositions of Direction.
• Prepositions of Spatial Relationships.
Types Of Preposition

6. Preposition Of Place/Location:
• used to refer to a place where something or
someone is located.
• allow to be specific when talking about where
action takes place in stories.
• There are three prepositions of place.
At – used to discuss a certain point
In – used to discuss an enclosed space
On – used to discuss a surface
Examples:
• We spent a quiet evening at home.
• I was so tired that I took a nap in the car.
• What’s on the menu this evening?
.

7. Preposition Of Time:
• allows you to discuss a specific time period
such as a date on the calendar
• are the same words as prepositions of, place
however they are used in a different way.
• There are three prepositions of place.
At – used to discuss clock times, holidays and festivals
In-used to discuss months, seasons, years, centuries
On –used to discuss certain days of the week or portions of day
Examples:
• Meet me at 7:30.
• My parents grew up in the1960s.
• My vacation ends on Monday.

8. Preposition Of Direction:
• way which a person or thing moves
• Express movement toward something.
• such as up, down, in, out, left, right, forward,
backward, or sideways.
Examples:
• The red ball bounced across the blue line.
• John walked down to Mary
• The ball is rolling to the blue box.

9. Preposition Of Spatial relationship:
• prepositions relate directly to the point that is
being described.
• These prepositions are:
At- describe a vicinity
On- describes a surface
In- describes an area
Examples:
• We did our research at the library.
• We did our research on campus.
• We did our research in the lab.

10. • Rules of English capitalization seem simple.
• Always capitalize the first word of every sentence.
• Capitalize a quote, days, months, languages
• and events etc.
Capitalization

11. • He asked me where I had bought my jacket.
• My friend lives in South Carolina.
• She flew to Dallas in September.
Examples:

12. • Capitalize the first word of a sentence
• Capitalize the first word of a quoted sentence.
• Capitalize proper nouns
• Don’t capitalize after a colon
• Capitalize days, months, and holidays, but not seasons
• Capitalize most words in titles
• Capitalize cities, countries, nationalities, and languages
• Capitalize time periods and events
Rules For Capitalization

13. Capitalize the first word of a sentence:
• Always capitalize the first word of a sentence.
Examples:
• The cat is sleeping.
• Where did I put that book?
Capitalize the first word of a quoted sentence:
• Capitalize the first word of a quote when the quote is a complete sentence.
Examples:
• Mario asked, “What is everyone doing this weekend?
• Stacy answered, “My sister and I are going to the water park.”

14. Capitalize proper nouns:
• Always capitalize the proper nouns in a sentence.
Examples:
• Amna is sleeping.
• I love Allama Iqbal’s poetry.
Don’t Capitalize after the colon:
• Don’t Capitalize the first Word of a list after the colon.
Examples:
• I like the following Italian dishes: pasta and lasagna.

15. Capitalize days, months, and holidays but not seasons:
• Names of days, months, and holidays are proper nouns, so you should
capitalize them.
• Seasons, are not proper nouns, so there’s no need to capitalize them.
Examples:
• I hate Mondays!
• Tom’s birthday is in June.
• I hate winter!
Capitalize most words in titles:
• Rules for titles of books, movies, and other works vary a little between style
guides.
Examples:
• Sense and Sensibility is better than Pride and Prejudice.
• The first movie of the series is Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone.

16. Capitalize the cities, countries, nationalities and languages:
• The names of cities, countries, nationalities, and languages are proper nouns,
so you should capitalize them.
Examples:
• My mother is British, and my father is Dutch.
• The capital of Botswana is Gaborone.
Capitalize the time periods and events:
• Specific periods, eras, and historical events that have
proper names should be capitalized.
Examples:
• Most of the World War I veterans are now deceased.
• In the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, England
blossomed into an empire.

17. Thank
You!