Pulping Technology
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Dimas DP Nugroho presented on pulping technology fundamentals. He has an engineering background in chemical engineering and the pulp and paper industry. He has worked in various roles in pulp mills in Indonesia and conducted research in Canada. The presentation covered the pulping processes of kraft, mechanical, semi-chemical, and dissolving pulps. It discussed the steps of wood handling, chipping, cooking, washing, bleaching, and drying of pulp. Key process parameters that control pulp quality at each stage were also summarized.
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Pulping Technology
- 1. PRESENTED BY: DIMAS DP NUGROHO Email: dp_dimaz@yahoo.com -PULPING TECHNOLOGY- FUNDAMENTAL
- 2. PROFILE Nama : Dimas Dwi P Nugroho TTL : Rembang, 28 Desember 1984 Pendidikan 2002-2006 S1 Teknik Kimia Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta 2009-2011 S2 Ilmu Lingkungan Universitas Riau 2010-2012 S2 Pulp & Paper Tech. Asian Institute of Tech Thailand 2012 Research at PPC University of British Columbia Riwayat Pekerjaan 2007 Process Engineer 2012 Shift Team Leader 2014 General Team Leader 2015 Training, ISO, CI & HSE Area Coordinator 2017 Shift Coordinator @dp_dimaz
- 3. @dp_dimaz PULP & PAPER TECHNOLOGY 68 22 4 4 2 KRAFT MECHANICAL SEMI CHEMICAL SULPHITE DISSOLVING
- 4. @dp_dimaz Softwood chemical pulps Wet and dry runnability for paper making, finishing and converting Ensuring strength and stiffness for packaging materials Hardwood chemical pulps Good end use properties of woodfree printing papers and tissues Good formation, brightness, opacity and printability Decrease the cost of the fiber furnish Mechanical pulps Good runnability and end use properties of mechanical grades Formation, printability Better yield and lower costs of the fiber furnish Bulk and stiffness, especially for filler ply of multilayer products Dissolving Low Yield low production, low bleach chemical consumption. Enlarge the raw material base for beneficial more than just paper
- 5. @dp_dimaz Perbandingan sifat produk untuk berbagai proses
- 6. @dp_dimaz CHEMICAL PULP MILL OVERVIEW
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- 8. @dp_dimaz PURPOSE : Produce uniform chips as the quality and quantity required WOOD HANDLING
- 10. @dp_dimaz CHIPS SCREENING Chip Quality : Oversize (Ø > 45 mm) = 0 % Overthick (// > 8 mm) ≤ 8 % Accept (Ø 7-13 mm) ≥ 85 % Pin (Ø 3-7 mm) ≤ 4 % Fines (Ø < 3 mm) ≤ 1 % OversizedPin & Fines Accepts
- 11. @dp_dimaz Woodyard Magnet Oversize Accept Chip Silo Digester Bypass Pin & Fines Bark Storage Boiler Acrowood Pin Pile Pin Chip Silo Cyclone Magnet Chip Screen
- 13. @dp_dimaz PURPOSE : To use chemical (white liquor) and heat to remove fiber binding lignin so chips defibrate easily, with: - Get reactants uniformly to the wood chips - Get the reactants into the wood chips - Reactions in the wood chips with time & temperature certainly - Get the reaction products out from the wood chips
- 14. @dp_dimaz White liquor AA (Active alkali, Na2S + NaOH) TA (Total alkali, Na2S + NaOH + Na2CO3) Active Cooking Component Hydroxyl Ion (OH-) Hydrosulfhide Ion (SH-) NaOH Na+ + OH- Na2S 2Na + S2- S2- + H2O SH- + OH- Black liquor Dissolved wood components (hemi-celluloses and lignin) Residual alkali, EA (Effective alkali, ½Na2S + NaOH)
- 15. DIGESTER AREA The most common batch digester type is : • high : 15 - 22 m • volume : 200 - 400 m3 • design pressure : 1.2 - 1.4 MPa • design temperature : 210 oC.
- 16. Chip Silo 60% Gamma Ray LP Steam 15 Ton 60 Ton Chip FillingImpregnation Impregnation Tank 320 m3 4,5 Bar WBL Tank Evaporator Accumulator 1 190 l/s360 l/s HWL Tank 320 m3 220 l/s Hot Liqour Fill 158 m3 Accumulator 2158 m3 >110oc Heating & Cooking MP Steam HeaderDisplacement Tank Washing Displacement 550 m3 80 – 85 oc 7 – 7,5 Bar 60 % 40 % 250 m3 Discharge 350 m3 Discharge Tank Washing LP Steam Kappa 18 - 19 Brightness 35 – 40% Yield 42 – 45% Charles&ayu
- 17. @dp_dimaz Control Parameter Alkali Charge H-factor - Control parameter for the delignification of the wood - Time and temperature are variables Parameter Quality Kappa Number (Analysis of the residual lignin content in pulp) Kappa Number H-factor increased H-factor decreased kappa number Kappa Number VS Yield ???
- 19. @dp_dimaz Purpose 1. Separate knot, sand and big shieve 2. Wash pulp from black liqour 3. Delignification Main Process 1. Deknotting 2. Screening 3. Oxygen Delignification 4. Pressing Parameter Quality 1. Post Kappa 2. Soda Carry Over 3. COD 4. Press Outlet Cy
- 20. Discharge Tank Primary Secondary Reject Reject Filtrate Tank Knot Tank Knot Filtrate Accept Accept ±150 Bar Cy 3,5% Filtrate Tank 5 Cy 25-30% LC Tank Cy 7-10% Knotter & Digester Filtrate Tank 9 LC Tank Cy 4 - 5% Washing Digester ±150 Bar
- 21. LC Tank Primary Secondary Tertiary Quaternary Reject Tank Reject Filtrate Tank Bunker Sand Separator Pre O2 Tank Accept (+) Alkali (+) Steam (+) O2 A Unbleach Tower Blow Tank Post O2 Tank B 6-7 bar 90-95 oc 30 min (+) Steam (+) O2 2-3 bar 100-105 oc 60 min Cy: 10-12% Br: 48-50% KN: 9-10 Washing Landfill
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- 25. @dp_dimaz Purpose 1. To continue delignification and using bleaching chemicals, to remove any lignin, kwon as residual lignin, that remains after the cooking & oxygen stages 2. Washing dissolved lignin out of the pulp on the washer following the bleaching stage 3. Increase brightness pulp to the target 4. Multi stage bleaching stages gives the best results regarding both quality and economy Parameter Control 1. Brightness 2. Residual Chemical
- 26. Unbleach Tower Cy 5,5% Condensate + Hot Water (+) ClO2 D0 D0 filtrate EopD1 Bleached HDT D1 filtrate D2 D2 filtrate EOP filtrate ± 150 Bar 10 rpm Brightness 68-70% pH 2,5-3 60 min 70-75 oc Hot Water (+) Steam (+) O2 (+) NaOH (+) H2O2 Brightness 80-82% pH 10,8-11,2 80-90 min 80-82 oc(+) ClO2 Brightness 89,8 - 90,2% pH 4,5-5 180 min 75-80 oc (+) ClO2 Brightness > 90,2% pH 4,5-5 180 min 75-80 oc Dirt: <10 Br: 89.8-90.2% Fr: >460ml CSF Vc: >10 cP 8000 ton Cy: 10-12% Br: 48-50% KN: 9-10 ± 150 Bar 10 rpm ± 150 Bar 10 rpm ± 150 Bar 10 rpm ± 150 Bar 10 rpm (+) NaOH
- 28. @dp_dimaz HDT TOWER LC TANK MIXING CHEST BROKE TOWER FROM FIBERLINE FROM COUCH PIT RADISCREEN RADISCREEN PRIMARY FORWARD PRIMARY REVERSE SECONDARY FORWARD TERTIARY FORWARD QUARTENARY FORWARD QUINARY FORWARD SEXTIARY FORWARD DOUBLE DECKER TO HEAD BOX TO WHITE WATER TANK SECONDARY REVERSE TERTIARY REVERSE QUARTENARY REVERSE QUINARY REVERSE PRIMARY FORWARD PRIMARY REVERSE SECONDARY FORWARD TERTIARY FORWARD QUARTENARY FORWARD QUINARY FORWARD SEXTIARY FORWARD SECONDARY REVERSE MACHINE CHEST WHITE WATER SILO DECKER FILTRATE DOUBLE DECKER LINE #1 LINE #2 TERTIARY REVERSE QUARTENARY REVERSE QUINARY REVERSE
- 29. @dp_dimaz WHITE WATER SILO WHITE WATER HEAD BOX PRESS PIT COUCH PIT TO BROKE TOWER DRY END PULPER TO LC TANK FOURDRINIER PRESS DRYER BACK WATER CUTTER LAYBOY BALING LINE Purpose Convert slush pulp become bale pulp (adt) by water removal
- 31. THANKS @dp_dimaz