Turmeric may help counteract mutations caused by benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P). A study was conducted where mice were fed a normal or 5% turmeric diet for 1 month. Some mice then received B(a)P. The mice were mated at intervals and embryos were examined. Feeding turmeric with or without B(a)P did not significantly affect pregnancy rates, total implants, pre-implantation losses, or dominant lethal mutations compared to controls. B(a)P alone also did not significantly increase mutations. Thus, turmeric may protect against B(a)P induced mutations but this study found no significant effects.
Ich (s5 r2) The International Council for Harmonisationof Technical Requireme...AMIT KUMAR
GUIDLINES FOR REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY,Strategies for reproductive toxicity assessment,The International Council for Harmonisation,of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use
Ich (s5 r2) The International Council for Harmonisationof Technical Requireme...AMIT KUMAR
GUIDLINES FOR REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY,Strategies for reproductive toxicity assessment,The International Council for Harmonisation,of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use
Animal Experimentation- Contemporary IssueChandan Saha
Animals have their own rights. They are not puppet of our laboratory. With the help of modern and scientific technology we can change old traditional animal experiment methods.
Justifications for invasive experiments on animals rely on claims that such research is essential for the advancement of biomedical knowledge, for the development of cures to human diseases, or for the evaluation of the toxicity of compounds to which humans are exposed. Until recently, critical evaluations of the accuracy of such claims have been rare. However, a growing body of large-scale systematic reviews have now been published in scientific and medical journals. The outcomes have been consistent: animal experiments have contributed far less than advocates would have us believe.
This presentation summarises these recent results, and comprehensively reviews the alternatives to invasive animal use with biomedical research, toxicity testing, and education.
Published studies are available at www.AnimalExperiments.info.
Alternate animal experiments models for pre and post clinical screening of new drugs.
#Expetrimental_Pharmacology.
#Preclinical Screening methods and testing models.
#Animal_Handeling
To accomplish a desired systemic effect, drug molecules must reach the systemic circulation after extravascular administration. The percent of the taken dose that reaches intact to the systemic circulation is called “bioavailability, BA”. Absolute Bioavailability compares the BA of the active drug in systemic circulation following non-intravenous administration
HPTN 067/ADAPT study: a comparison of daily and non-daily pre-exposure prophy...Илья Антипин
Holtz TH и др. «HPTN 067/ADAPT study: a comparison of daily and non-daily pre-exposure prophylaxis dosing in Thai men who have sex with men, Bangkok, Thailand» 8th IAS Conference on HIV Pathogenesis, Treatment and Prevention, Vancouver, 2015. MOAC0306LB.
This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of ivermectin, fenbendazole and albendazole against gastrointestinal nematodes in naturally infected goats of government goat development farm, Sylhet, Bangladesh. The study included 50 black Bengal breed of which 30 were naturally infected and randomly selected 20 on the basis of their weight and egg count. Twenty black Bengal goats of 13-15 month old irrespective of sex infested with gastrointestinal nematodes were selected for this experiment and randomly divided into four equal groups (group A, B, C and D) where each group consisted of 5 goats and goats of group D were kept as control group. One injectable ivermectin (200μgkg-1 body weight, S/C) preparations (Techno Drugs Limited, Bangladesh) and two solid fenbendazole, albendazole (7.5 mgkg-1 body weight, orally) preparations (Techno Drugs Limited and Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Bangladesh) were used for positive control of gastrointestinal nematodes as group A, B and C. Goats of group D was kept as control without giving any treatment. Before trials (day 0), total egg count, blood samples and initial body weight were recorded. During the study period the faecal and blood samples were collected directly from rectum and examined on 7th, 14th, 21st and 28th day using McMaster fecal egg counting method. Body weight were recorded on day 28 following the treatments. The results of the comparative efficacies of different anthelmintic of ivermectin was 100%, followed by fenbendazole 95.33% and albendazole 90.11%. McMaster fecal egg counting method disclose the percentage of Haemonchus spp. (15.38%), with Trichostrongylus spp, Strongyloides spp., and Cooperia spp. also present. The body weight of the treated animals were slightly increased which were significant (p<0.05). After treatment with ivermectin, fenbendazole and albendazole, Total Erythrocyte Count (TEC), Hemoglobin (Hb) content and Packed Cell Volume (PCV) were increased significantly (p>0.05 and p<0.01) in goats but Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) and Total Leukocyte Count (TLC) were decreased significantly (p>0.05) in all treated goat and body weight was increased significantly (p<0.01) on day 28. The farm management practices along with results of the present study revealed the efficacy of multiple anthelmintics against gastrointestinal nematodes in goats. Additional detailed studies are required to clarify the current status of the efficacy of the anthelmintics widely used in different agro ecologies, animal species, and livestock management systems in Bangladesh
The aim of the present work is to carry out acute toxicity study for root bark powder of Argemone mexicana. It is one of the potent liver tonics used for liver disorders. The exposure of this powder in the form of aqueous slurry on Swiss mice was carried out and the exposure route was oral single administration with water. The observations of changes in body weight, food and water intake as well as cage side observations were reported. The observations prove that the plant material is found to be nontoxic.
Animal Experimentation- Contemporary IssueChandan Saha
Animals have their own rights. They are not puppet of our laboratory. With the help of modern and scientific technology we can change old traditional animal experiment methods.
Justifications for invasive experiments on animals rely on claims that such research is essential for the advancement of biomedical knowledge, for the development of cures to human diseases, or for the evaluation of the toxicity of compounds to which humans are exposed. Until recently, critical evaluations of the accuracy of such claims have been rare. However, a growing body of large-scale systematic reviews have now been published in scientific and medical journals. The outcomes have been consistent: animal experiments have contributed far less than advocates would have us believe.
This presentation summarises these recent results, and comprehensively reviews the alternatives to invasive animal use with biomedical research, toxicity testing, and education.
Published studies are available at www.AnimalExperiments.info.
Alternate animal experiments models for pre and post clinical screening of new drugs.
#Expetrimental_Pharmacology.
#Preclinical Screening methods and testing models.
#Animal_Handeling
To accomplish a desired systemic effect, drug molecules must reach the systemic circulation after extravascular administration. The percent of the taken dose that reaches intact to the systemic circulation is called “bioavailability, BA”. Absolute Bioavailability compares the BA of the active drug in systemic circulation following non-intravenous administration
HPTN 067/ADAPT study: a comparison of daily and non-daily pre-exposure prophy...Илья Антипин
Holtz TH и др. «HPTN 067/ADAPT study: a comparison of daily and non-daily pre-exposure prophylaxis dosing in Thai men who have sex with men, Bangkok, Thailand» 8th IAS Conference on HIV Pathogenesis, Treatment and Prevention, Vancouver, 2015. MOAC0306LB.
This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of ivermectin, fenbendazole and albendazole against gastrointestinal nematodes in naturally infected goats of government goat development farm, Sylhet, Bangladesh. The study included 50 black Bengal breed of which 30 were naturally infected and randomly selected 20 on the basis of their weight and egg count. Twenty black Bengal goats of 13-15 month old irrespective of sex infested with gastrointestinal nematodes were selected for this experiment and randomly divided into four equal groups (group A, B, C and D) where each group consisted of 5 goats and goats of group D were kept as control group. One injectable ivermectin (200μgkg-1 body weight, S/C) preparations (Techno Drugs Limited, Bangladesh) and two solid fenbendazole, albendazole (7.5 mgkg-1 body weight, orally) preparations (Techno Drugs Limited and Square Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Bangladesh) were used for positive control of gastrointestinal nematodes as group A, B and C. Goats of group D was kept as control without giving any treatment. Before trials (day 0), total egg count, blood samples and initial body weight were recorded. During the study period the faecal and blood samples were collected directly from rectum and examined on 7th, 14th, 21st and 28th day using McMaster fecal egg counting method. Body weight were recorded on day 28 following the treatments. The results of the comparative efficacies of different anthelmintic of ivermectin was 100%, followed by fenbendazole 95.33% and albendazole 90.11%. McMaster fecal egg counting method disclose the percentage of Haemonchus spp. (15.38%), with Trichostrongylus spp, Strongyloides spp., and Cooperia spp. also present. The body weight of the treated animals were slightly increased which were significant (p<0.05). After treatment with ivermectin, fenbendazole and albendazole, Total Erythrocyte Count (TEC), Hemoglobin (Hb) content and Packed Cell Volume (PCV) were increased significantly (p>0.05 and p<0.01) in goats but Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) and Total Leukocyte Count (TLC) were decreased significantly (p>0.05) in all treated goat and body weight was increased significantly (p<0.01) on day 28. The farm management practices along with results of the present study revealed the efficacy of multiple anthelmintics against gastrointestinal nematodes in goats. Additional detailed studies are required to clarify the current status of the efficacy of the anthelmintics widely used in different agro ecologies, animal species, and livestock management systems in Bangladesh
The aim of the present work is to carry out acute toxicity study for root bark powder of Argemone mexicana. It is one of the potent liver tonics used for liver disorders. The exposure of this powder in the form of aqueous slurry on Swiss mice was carried out and the exposure route was oral single administration with water. The observations of changes in body weight, food and water intake as well as cage side observations were reported. The observations prove that the plant material is found to be nontoxic.
Studies On The Effectiveness of Mixed Diet of Garden Egg, Groundnut And Garli...IOSR Journals
The use of medicinal plants as food supplements and in the treatment of specific diseases dates back to antiquity. Age old anecdotal reports from many cultures strongly suggests a role for diet of plant origin in preventive and therapeutic medicine. Anaemia remains a major public-health problem especially in developing countries. This study aimed at investigating the antianaemic potentials of combined diet of garlic (Allium sativum), garden egg (Solanum melongena) and groundnut (Arachis hypogaea).Twenty five wistar rats of both sexes weighing 160-200g were divided equally into five groups. Group 1 served as the non-anaemic control and fed with normal rat chow. Groups 2, 3, 4 and 5 were induced with anaemia by oral administration of phenylhydrazine (PHZ) given at 50mg/kgBW. Group 2 served as anaemic control, fed with normal rat chow; Group 3 were fed with 20g (75%ww) of garlic, garden egg and groundnut in the ratio of 1:1:1 with normal rat chow; Group 4 fed with 10g of garden egg (50%ww) in the ratio 1:1 with normal rat chow and Group 5 fed with 10g of ground, nut (50%ww) in the ratio 1:1 with normal rat chow. Animals were sacrificed at the end of fourteen days of dietary feeding using chloroform vapour with blood collected at the left ventricle to test for haematological parameters such as red blood cell (RBC) count, white blood cell (WBC) count, hemoglobin concentration (Hb) and packed cell volume (PCV). Results showed that RBC, WBC, Hb and PCV values increased in all the experimental as compared to anaemic control with a significant (P<0.05) in WBC values of groups 3 and 4 as compared to the anaemic control. This suggests a consumption of garlic, garden egg and groundnut will moderately improve anaemic condition.
Les NVPO sont un événement fréquent en post-anesthésie puisqu'ils touchent environ un tiers des patients. Les différents scores et prophylaxies utilisées bien que souvent efficaces ne closent pas le chapitre de leur prévention. La gabapentine, antivonvusilvant, a montré par ailleurs son effet analgésique en post-opératoire.
Plus récemment, la gabapentine a montré un effet anti-émétique lorsqu'elle était administrée en prévention dans la chimiothérapie du cancer du sein.
Cette étude est une méta-analyse des essais randomisés de la gabapentine en prévention des NVPO. Elle conclut à son efficacité, efficacité d'autant plus marquée que le propofol n'est pas utilisé comme agent d'induction et/ou d'entretien.
ABSTRACT
Background:The main objective of the study is to determine the anti-arthritic effect of whole plant ethanolic extract of Polygonum glabrum
belonging to the family Polygonaceae in Female wistar rats using the Freund’s Complete Adjuvant (FCA) model . Methods:The plants areal
parts were collected near Tirupathi hills, Chittoor district of Andhra Pradesh in India. The Phytoconstituents were identified through the
chemical tests. Ethanol (95%) was used to obtain the whole plant extraction through Soxhlet extractor. Female SD rats were used for antiarthritic
screening. Arthritis was induced using FCA, and the anti-arthritic effect of the ethanolic extract of P.glabrum was studied at doses
of 250 and500 mg/kg. The effects were compared with those of indomethacin (10 mg/kg). At the end of the study, theliver enzyme levels were
determined and a radiological examination was carried out. Results and Discussion:The preliminary phytochemical analysis of the ethanolic
extract of Polygonum glabrum showed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids and saponins. P. glabrum at 250 and 500 mg/kg
significantly inhibited the FCA-induced arthritis in the rats. This was manifested by as a decrease in the paw volume. The arthritic control
animals exhibited a significant decrease in body weight compared with control animals without arthritis. P. glabrum treated animals showed
dose dependent reduction in decrease in body weight and arthritis.At the same time, P.glabrum significantly altered the biochemical and
haematological changes induced by FCA (P < 0.05). The anti-arthritic effect of P.glabrum was comparable with that of Indomethacin.
Conclusion:The whole plant extract of P.glabrum showed significant anti-arthritic activity against FCA-induced arthritis in female Wistar
rats.
Hepatoprotective Activity of Cinnamon Zeylanicum Leaves against Alcohol Induc...IJERA Editor
Plants play an important role in the life of human, as the major source of food, as well as for the maintenance and improvement of health and for the elimination of the enemies since ages. Plants are the basic source of knowledge of modern medicine. The present study was conducted to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of aqueos extract of aerial parts of Cinnamon zeylanicum are evaluated in alcohol induced hepatotoxicity in albino rats. Silymarin (100mg/kg) was given as reference standard. The aqueos extract of aerial parts of Cinnamon zeylanicum have shown very significant hepatoprotection against alcohol induced hepatotoxicity in albino rats in reducing SGOT, SGPT, Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and GGT and levels of total bilirubin and total protein were investigated and showed an increase in alcohol induced rats when compared to control. The extracts of the test plant exhibited significant (p < 0.05) hepatoprotective activity against the alcohol induced liver models by improving liver function which was indicated by reduction in the levels of SGOT, SGPT, ALP, GGT, total bilirubin and total protein.
Under nutrition is often an invisible and silent
emergency.2 It recognizes that hunger and malnutrition are rooted
in poverty, deprivation, and under development, and that they are
the result of inadequate access to the basic requirements for
nutritional well-being, including safe and adequate food, care,
health, education and a clean environment.1 Present study was
designed to find the efficacy of the nutritional intervention for the
recovery of impaired carbohydrate metabolism and correlation of
weight and height with PP-Sugar and BMI after nutritional
rehabilitation.105 test and 100 control SAM children without
infection, of 1 to 5 years of age and either sex were enrolled. Test
group was given treatment of nutritional intervention therapy,
providing 2.5 to 3gm Protein and 90-100 kcal / kg body
Weight/day, for the three months.
Their blood sugar, BMI, weight and height were measured before
and after the nutritional therapy. Before the nutritional
intervention treatment P values for F and PP blood glucose, BMI,
Weight and height were insignificant suggestive of similar baseline
characteristics at enrollment. After nutritional intervention
treatment P values for F and PP blood glucose, BMI, Weight and
height were significant suggestive.
The r value of Pearson correlation coefficient for Sugar PP in the
study group was, showing poor positive correlation with height and
r value for BMI in the study group was showing poor negative
correlation with height.
The r value of Pearson correlation coefficient for Sugar PP in the
study group was, showing poor negative correlation with weight
and r value for BMI in the study group was showing poor positive
correlation with weight.
Depending on results the investigators conclude that for the speedy
recovery of the impaired carbohydrate metabolism in SAM
children it is the most effective food supplement.
Safety and efficacy of aflibercept in combination with fluorouracil, leucovor...Mary Ondinee Manalo Igot
Safety and efficacy of aflibercept in combination with fluorouracil, leucovorin and irinotecan in the treatment of Asian patients with metastatic colorectal cancer
STUDY ON ANTI ULCER AND ANTI INFLAMMATORY EFFECTS OF Vilvathi LehiyamJing Zang
The aim of the study, to evaluate the phytochemical, anti-ulcer and anti-inflammatory activities of Vilvathi Lehiyam. Anti-ulcer activity of ethanolic extract of Vilvathi Lehiyam was investigated on omeprazole induced ulcer model in albino rats. Ethanolic extract of dosage 250 and 500kg/mg produced significant inhibition of gastric lesions induced by Omeprazole induced ulcer. The extract 250 and 500kg/mg showed significant (p<0.01) reduction of pH value of gastric juice compared control. The Vilvathi Lehiyam was evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity against the carrageenan induced rat paw oedema at injected sthe doses 500 kg/mg body weight and the study was compared with standard drug Dexamethasone (2mg/kg). The Vilvathi Lehiyam has significant anti-inflammatory activity, which support the traditional medicinal utilization of Vilvathi Lehiyam. Based on the above results, of Vilvathi Lehiyam may be useful as a natural drug for the treatment of ulcer and inflammation.
2. Kota et al. Journal of Genetics Study 2013,
http://www.hoajonline.com/journals/pdf/2054-1112-1-2.pdf
2
doi: 10.7243/2054-1112-1-2
Study design
Twenty four male mice were taken and divided into 4
groups each group containing 6 mice/group. The first and
second group received stock diet (control) while the third
and fourth groups received 5% turmeric diet for a period of
one month. At the end of feeding period, second and fourth
group received a single dose of benzo(a)pyrene 1mg/mouse
intraperitoneally . After 1 week each male mouse was mated
to 3 female mice at 1, 4, 8 and 12e week intervals. On 13th
day from mid point of mating, the females were sacrificed
and live and dead embryos were counted to study the pre
and post implantation loss of embryos. These studies were
conducted in 6males and 18 females. The same males were
used for mating throughout experiment.
Dominant lethal assay [4]
Male mice were exposed to B (a)P and were mated to untreated
virgin female mice. The various germ cell stages were tested
by the use of sequential mating intervals. The females were
sacrificed after an appropriate period of time, and the contents
of uteri were examined to determine the number of implants
and live and dead embryos.The calculation of dominant lethal
effect was based on comparison of the live implants per female
inthetreatedgrouptotheliveimplantsperfemaleinthecontrol
group.The increase of dead implants per female in the treated
group over the dead implants per female in the control group
reflected the post implantation loss. The post implantation
loss was calculated by determining the ratio of dead to total
implants from the treated group compared to the ratio of dead
to total implants from the control group. Pre implantation loss
was estimated on the basis of comparing the total implants per
female in treated and control groups.
Statistical analysis
Thedifferencesinthefrequenciesofpreandpostimplantdeaths
were done by comparing treated with control group at 4-time
period by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and chi-square test
which is used to compare treatment group and positive control
with negative control. The total number of implantations is
evaluated by the Student’s t-test to determine whether the
average number of implantations per pregnant female for
each treatment group and the positive control group differs
significantly from the negative control group. Mutagenic
effects were expressed conventionally as the mutagenic index
(fetal deaths/total implants) X100.
Results
The statistical evaluations were based on the control values
for each mating period. The results were tested to ascertain
whether there was any dominant lethal effect. The dominant
lethal effect in the experimental groups was calculated from
the average number of live embryos obtained from the
pregnant females as percentage of control. The numbers of
living and dead implants were analyzed by chi-square test
and to verify these results t-test was performed in which the
rates of living implants in the control and treated groups
were compared with one another. Frequency of pregnancy
is represented in (Table 1 and 2), and was found to be not
significant. No post-implantation dominant lethal effects
produced by B(a)P could be detected in this study.The fraction
Week Control Turmeric (5%) B(a)P B(a)P + 5% Turmeric
Total
females
Pregnant
females
% Total
females
Pregnant
females
% Total
females
Pregnant
females
% Total
females
Pregnant
females
%
1 18 - - 18 - - 18 2 11 18 4 22
4 18 10 56 18 13 72 18 14 78 18 10 56
8 18 11 61 18 15 83 18 12 67 18 15 83
12 17 6 35 14 8 57 18 7 39 15 9 60
Table 1. Frequency of pregnancy in females.
Control vs Turmeric and other B(a)P treated groups –Not significant as analyzed by chi-square test and t-test
Total implants ( Live+ Dead)
Week Control 5% turmeric B(a)P B(a)P+ 5% turmeric
Total
implants
Total
implants/female
Total
implants
Total
implants/female
Total
implants
Total
implants/female
Total
implants
Total
implants/female
1 - - - - 28 1.56 38 2.11
4 107 5.94 158 8.78 144 8.00 102 5.67
8 114 6.33 160 8.89 144 8.00 165 9.17
12 72 4.00 87 6.21 82 4.56 85 5.67
Table 2. Total dominant lethality in B(a)P induced mice treated with turmeric.
Control vs Turmeric and other treated groups –Not significant as analyzed by chi-square test and t-test
3. Kota et al. Journal of Genetics Study 2013,
http://www.hoajonline.com/journals/pdf/2054-1112-1-2.pdf
3
doi: 10.7243/2054-1112-1-2
of dead embryos was not significantly different from control
groups (Table 3). No significant pre-implantation losses were
noted in either B(a)P or B(a)P+5%turmeric treated groups
compared to control (Table 4).The mutagenic index compared
between control versus turmeric and other B(a)P treated
groups was not significant as analyzed by t-test (Table 5).
Discussion
The dominant lethal test in male is intended to detect
mutagenic effects in the spermatogenic process that are
lethal to embryos or fetus [5]. B(a)P has been shown to
cause genotoxic effects in a broad range of prokaryotic and
mammalian cell systems [6]. This study was taken up to
evaluate dominant lethal mutation effects of turmeric in mice
treated with a single dose of B(a)P 1mg/mouse. Extensive
research has been carried out in NIN on turmeric, ginger,
Post implantation ( dead implants)
Week Control 5% turmeric B(a)P B(a)P+ 5% turmeric
Total dead
implants
Dead
implants/female
Total dead
implants
Dead
implants/female
Total dead
implants
Dead
implants/female
Total dead
implants
Dead
implants/female
1 - - - - - - - -
4 7 0.39 5 0.28 12 0.67 8 0.44
8 4 0.22 4 0.22 5 0.28 12 0.67
12 5 0.28 5 0.36 3 0.17 2 0.12
Table 3. Post implantation loss in B(a)P treated mice fed with turmeric.
Control vs Turmeric and other B(a)P treated groups –Not significant as analyzed by chi-square test and t-test
Pre- implantation ( live implants)
Week Control 5% turmeric B(a)P B(a)P+ 5% turmeric
Total live
implants
Live
implants/female
Total live
implants
Live
implants/female
Total Live
implants
Live
implants/female
Total live
implants
Live
implants/female
1 - - - - 28 1.56 38 2.11
4 100 5.6 153 8.5 131 7.67 94 5.22
8 110 6.1 156 8.7 139 7.28 153 8.50
12 67 3.7 82 4.6 79 4.39 83 5.53
Table 4. Pre-implantation in B(a)P treated mice fed with turmeric.
Control vs Turmeric and other B(a)P treated groups –Not significant as analyzed by chi-square test and t-test
Mutagenic index
Week Control 5% turmeric B(a)P B(a)P+ 5% turmeric
1 - - - -
4 6.54 9.02 3.16 7.84
8 3.51 3.47 2.50 7.27
12 6.94 3.65 5.75 2.35
Mean 5.66 5.38 3.79 5.80
SD 1.88 3.15 1.73 3.00
SE 1.08 1.82 0.99 1.74
Table 5. Mutagenic index in B(a)P treated mice fed with turmeric.
Control vs turmeric and other B(a)P treated groups–Not
significant as analyzed by t-test.
garlic etc. and has been demonstrated their antimutagenic
effect using in vivo rat model [7,8]. Earlier reports showed that
turmeric did not induce sex-chromosome loss and dominant
lethal mutation did not occur when hot water extracts were
administered to male drosophila [9]. A multigenerational
study was conducted according to OECD testing guidelines
using curcumin comprising 80%. The authors reported that
there were no treatment related clinical signs of toxicity or
mortality during the premating period and there were no
differences in gestational or post partum body weights in
either generation. Curcumin was reportedly non-carcinogenic
over three generations [10]. Govindarajan [11] reported that
administration of curcumin into rats and rabbits at doses of
600 or 1600 mg/kg body weight did not show any effect on
total implants, resorption, live and dead embryos and rats
fed diet containing 0.5% turmeric or 0.015% curcumin for
12 weeks did not have any adverse effect on pregnancy rate,
mean number of live and dead embryos. In another study
incorporation of 0.5% turmeric or 0.015% curcumin in diets
of mice did not show significant differences on the incidence
of micronucleated PCE’s, pregnancy rates and number of live
and dead embryos, total implants and mutagenic index [12].
Other studies conducted on antimutagenicity of turmeric
for a period of three months on 1, 3 and 5% turmeric in the
diet and which received B(a)P on three occasions did not
show any significant changes in any of the organs [13]. In
one study multigenerational reproductive toxicity indicated
that turmeric consumed at 500mg/kg body weight or an
alcoholic extract at 60mg/Kg body weight per day did not
affect the fertility index, gestational and lactation index and
4. Kota et al. Journal of Genetics Study 2013,
http://www.hoajonline.com/journals/pdf/2054-1112-1-2.pdf
4
doi: 10.7243/2054-1112-1-2
no abnormal histological changes were recorded [14].
In this study feeding of 5% turmeric and treatment with
a single dose of B(a)P did not show any significant effect
on the mutagenic index or the frequency of pregnancy in
treated groups compared to control. There was no apparent
induction of dominant lethal mutations in B(a)P or B(a)P+
Turmeric treated groups. No post implantation dominant
lethal effects produced by B(a)P could be detected in this
study. The induction of B(a)P and treatment with turmeric
did not influence the dominant lethal test.
Conclusion
B(a)P did not produce a significant increase in the dominant
lethal mutations. Turmeric also did not give any positive
response and may be considered as non-mutagenic. The
negative result suggests that under the conditions of the test
the test substance may not be genotoxic in the germ cell of
the treated sex of the test species.
Competing interests
The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Authors’ contributions
Acknowledgement
The author wish to thank Mr. A.K. Rajakumar, NIN, for his technical
help.
Publication history
Editor: Jimmy T. Efird, Brody School of Medicine, USA.
Received: 05-Sep-2013 Revised: 07-Oct-2013
Accepted: 22-Oct-2013 Published: 29-Oct-2013
Authors’contributions NK VP VR KP
Research concept and design -- -- -- √
Collection and/or assembly of data √ √ -- --
Data analysis and interpretation √ √ -- √
Writing the article √ -- -- --
Critical revision of the article √ √ -- √
Final approval of article √ √ √ √
Statistical analysis -- -- √ √
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Citation:
Kota N, Panpatil VV, M VR and Polasa K. Effect
of feeding turmeric on benzo(a)pyrene induced
dominant lethal mutations. J Genet Stud. 2013; 1:2.
http://dx.doi.org/10.7243/2054-1112-1-2