The document summarizes a project report for setting up a public library in Wolaita Sodo Town, Ethiopia. The key points are: 1. The project aims to establish the town's first public library with an initial investment of 45,451,200 Ethiopian birr from the African Development Bank and town administration over 15 months. 2. The library will be located in the center of town to maximize accessibility. It will provide reading materials, book loans, computer access, and recreational services to residents. 3. Around 43 jobs will be created, with 16 during construction and 27 after completion. The library aims to serve at least 220 users at a time once operational.

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A PROJECT REPORT
ON
SETTING UP OF PUBLIC LIBRARY IN WOLAITA SODO TOWN
BY: TESFAYE MADDA
I.D. MBA/MWE/14/08
SUBMITTED TO: PROF. P.K AGARWAL
WOLAITA SODO UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF BUSINESS AND ECONOMICS
DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT
MBA PROGRAM
JANAURY 11, 2017
WOLAITA SODO UNIVERSITY

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Executive Summary
A public library is an organization established, supported and funded by the community, either
through local, regional or national government or through some other form of community
organization. It provides access to knowledge, information and works of the imagination
through a range of resources and services and is equally available to all members of the
community regardless of race, nationality, age, gender, color, religion, language, disability,
economic and employment status and educational attainment, etc. This project envisages the
setting up of the public library in Wolaita Sodo Town with the initial investment cost of
45,451,200 Ethiopian birr. This cost is the total investment cost of setting up of the Public
Library in Wolaita Sodo Town. For this project, the funds will be getting from two main sources
like aid from African Development Bank and budgets from the town administration of Wolaita
Sodo. These include 40% and 60% respectively.
This project will take about 15 months i.e. one year and 3 months’ project. This project has two
major phases that are construction of public library building and fulfilling of the necessary
materials to complete this project. This project will use different raw materials like cement,
stone, steel, iron sheet, etc to construct the public library project. For the fulfilling of the
necessary materials, shelves, books, magazine, newspapers, computers will be used in order to
start the project. The reading materials for the library purpose will get from purchasing the
needed materials and also from voluntary donors. It will be established in the strategic location
of the town which is the center of the town called, Gido kebele, Mehal sub-city.
The project can create about 43 people with different qualifications i.e. during the setting up of
the project, it create job opportunity for about 16 people and 27 job opportunity after the
completion of the project that is when it enters into implementation or when it gives the
expected service to the concerned community.
After the completion of the project, it will give the following services like reading, book loan,
recreational services, etc. In general, the public library of Wolaita Sodo Town will serve at least
220 clients at a time. This is the total expected number of the clients which will be served in the
library.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Contents Pages
Executive summary -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- i
Table of contents ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ii
List of tables ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- iv
List of figure ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- v
PART ONE
1. INITIATION STAGE ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1
1.1. Background of the project ------------------------------------------------------------ 1
1.2. Objectives of the project-------------------------------------------------------------- 1
1.2.1. General objectives of the project --------------------------------------------------- 1
1.2.2. Specific objectives ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 1
1.3. Strategic Locations of the Public Library in Wolaita Sodo Town------------- 2
1.4. Background of the Project Area------------------------------------------------------ 2
1.4.1. Language of Wolaita--------------------------------------------------------------------2
1.4.2. Geographic Location of Wolaita----------------------------------------------------- 3
1.4.3. Population of Wolaita Zone----------------------------------------------------------- 3
1.4.4. Information About Wolata Sodo Town--------------------------------------------- 4
1.5. Rationale for the project--------------------------------------------------------------- 4
1.6. Scope of the project-------------------------------------------------------------------- 6
1.7. Limitation of the project--------------------------------------------------------------- 7
1.8. Significance of the project------------------------------------------------------------- 7
1.9. Pre-feasibility Study of the project-------------------------------------------------- 7
1.10. Feasibility Study of the project------------------------------------------------------- 7
1.10.1. Economic feasibility -------------------------------------------------------------------- 7
1.10.2. Technical Feasibility--------------------------------------------------------------------- 8

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1.10.3. Financial Feasibility--------------------------------------------------------------------- 8
1.10.4. Socio-cultural Feasibility---------------------------------------------------------------8
1.11. Duration of the project----------------------------------------------------------------- 9
1.11.1. Giant chart of the Public Library Project------------------------------------------- 9
1.12. The design of Public Library of Wolaita Sodo Town-------------------------- 11
1.12.1. Site Planning and Landscape Design---------------------------------------------- 12
1.13. Lighting----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 13
PART TWO
2. PROJECT PLANNING---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 15
3. Public Library Project Planning--------------------------------------------------------------------15
2.1. Human Resource Planning---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 15
2.1.1. Project organizational Structure------------------------------------------------------------------------ 17
1.2. Material Planning------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 17
1.2.1. Construction of Library Building------------------------------------------------------------------ 20
1.2.2. Fulfilling the necessary library facilities ------------------------------------------------------- 21
1.3. Cost planning------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 22
1.4. Financial planning------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 22
1.5. Operational planning-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 23
1.6. Quality Plan-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 23
1.7. Risk Planning, Assessment and Mitigation Measures--------------------------------------- 24
1.7.1. Construction risk management------------------------------------------------------------------- 24
1.7.2. Economic risk------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 25
1.7.3. Resource risk------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 25
1.7.4. Legal and/or political risk--------------------------------------------------------------------------- 25
1.7.5. Operational risk---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 25

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1.8. Communication Plan--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 26
PART THREE
3. IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PROJECT------------------------------------------------------------- 27
3.1. Human Resources Management and Training--------------------------------------------27
3.1.1. Organizational Structure Public Library of Wolaita Sodo Town------------ 29
3.1.2. The skills of library staff-------------------------------------------------------------- 29
3.1.3. Training of Library Staff-------------------------------------------------------------- 29
3.1.4. Ethical standards----------------------------------------------------------------------- 30
3.2. The governance andadministrationof the publiclibraryof WolaitaSodoTown -------------- 30
3.3. Working hours of the Library----------------------------------------------------------------- 31
3.4. Resources of the library------------------------------------------------------------------------ 31
3.5. Collections of library materials-------------------------------------------------------------- 32
3.6. User participation------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 32
3.7. Safety----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 32
3.8. Parking--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 32
3.9. Performance measurement of the Library------------------------------------------------ 32
3.10. The Programs in Public Library in Wolaita Sodo Town --------------------------------- 33
3.11. Service provision--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 33
3.12. Library technologies ----------------------------------------------------------------------------35
3.13. Capacity of the Library------------------------------------------------------------------------- 35
Conclusion ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 36

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List of Tables
Name of Tables Pages
Table 1: Giant Chart of the Project ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 9
Table 2: Types of Employees with their Salary -------------------------------------------------------------- 16
Table 3: Construction Material planning with its cost ----------------------------------------------------- 20
Table 4: Library Materials for the Implementation -------------------------------------------------------- 21
Table 5: Total cost of the project ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 22
Table 6: Types of Employees with Salary --------------------------------------------------------------------- 28

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List of Figures
Name of figures Pages
Figure 1: Organization Structure of the Project ------------------------------------------------------------- 17
Figure 2: Library Organizational Structure ------------------------------------------------------------------- 27

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PART ONE
4. INITIATION STAGE
4.1. Background of the project
Public libraries are a world-wide phenomenon. They occur in a variety of societies, in differing
cultures and at different stages of development. A public library is an organization established,
supported and funded by the community, either through local, regional or national government
or through some other form of community organization. It provides access to knowledge,
information and works of the imagination through a range of resources and services and is
equally available to all members of the community regardless of race, nationality, age, gender,
religion, language, disability, economic and employment status and educational attainment.
A public library is an organization established, supported and funded by the community, either
through local, regional or national government or through some other form of community
organization. It provides access to knowledge, information and works of the imagination
through a range of resources and services and is equally available to all members of the
community regardless of race, nationality, age, gender, color, religion, language, disability,
economic and employment status and educational attainment, etc. The public library is the
local gateway to knowledge, provides a basic condition for lifelong learning, independent
decision-making and cultural development of the individual and social groups.
4.2. Objectives of the project
4.2.1. General objectives of the project
The primary purposes of the public library are to provide reading materials and services and in
a variety of media to meet the needs of individuals and groups for education, information and
personal development including recreation and leisure for the society in Wolaita Sodo town.
4.2.2. Specific objectives
The specific objectives of this project are as follows.
1. To provide reading materials in the library
2. To provide book loaning service to the society

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3. To provide recreational service for the community in the town
4. To provide computerized reading service to the society
5. To collect local and national information and make it readily available for the users
6. To meet the challenges of meeting user needs in the “Information Age”
4.3. Strategic Locations of the Public Library in Wolaita Sodo Town
The best location for the library has the following criteria:
 A central civic area which is or can be frequently visited by all segments of the urban
area population during daily activity;
 On busy primary streets with the library located at the intersection, if possible;
 High visibility and identification within the area for ease of all users;
 Convenient access to adequate public parking;
 Adjacent to other activities attracting substantial user traffic; and
 In an area of high pedestrian traffic.
Based on the above criteria, the strategic location for the Public Library of the Wolaita Sodo
Town will be as follows. The locational factors that can affect the success of the library must be
differentiated. According to the analysis of this project, the public library of the Wolaita Sodo
town will established in the center of the town taking into account the average of the distance
for the residents of the three sub-cities in the town. For this reason, it will be established in the
Mehal Sub-city, in Gido Kebele. In order to adapt the climatic factor which will affect the service
quality of the library, it will be established in the higher parts of the Kebele, near to the city
administration of Wolaita Sodo town.
4.4. Background of the Project Area
4.4.1. Language of Wolaita
Wolaitas are one of Omotic language speaking people and their language is called also Wolaita
(Walaitato Doona) by the name of the people. Wolaita is an Omotic language spoken in the
Wolaita Zone and some other parts of the Southern Ethiopia.

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Now a day, Wolaita uses their language for teaching learning process from primary up to high
school. They also asked their language to be incorporated into one of the national examination
and their question was answered and they are now taking one national exam in their language.
There is also one department in Wolaita Sodo University which teaches Wolaita language. The
students from the Wolaita Language Department were graduated from the Wolaita Sodo
University in 2014 or 2007 E.C. There is no language development center in the Wolaita Zone.
4.4.2. Geographic Location of Wolaita
The geographic location of the Wolaita Zone is 6º51″ and 7º35″ North Longitude; and 37º46″
and 38º1″ East Latitude. It is located at about 390 KMs south west of Addis Ababa, the capital
city of Ethiopia though Shashemene road, and 157 km from Hawassa, the SNNPRG capital city.
Currently Wolaitas are located in the southern part of Ethiopia with in the area of about 4,400
square kilo meters.
According to the survey conducted by WoDA (2007), Wolaita has atotal area of 4,471.3 km² or
438,370 hectares, Wolaita is inhabited by over 2.5 million people. Wolaita is one of the omotic
speaking people inhabiting on the basins of Omo River and Lake Abaya. It is bordered in the
north by Hadiya and Sidama, in the South by Gamo Gofa and Dawro zone.
Wolayta zone is one of the thirteen zones of the region covering an area of 4471.3 km2. For
administrative purpose it is divided in to twelve woredas namely, Boloso - Sore, Damot- Galle,
Damot- Weyde, Sodo- Zoria, Kindo- Koisha, Aofa, Kindo didaye, Humbo,Damot- Sore, Damot-
Fulase, Duguna- Fango, Boloso- Bombe.
4.4.3. Population of Wolaita Zone
According to the SNNPR Regional Statistical report of 2007 E.C., the average population density
of Wolaita are over 385 people per square kilo meter (ppkm²) making it one of the most
densely populated areas in the country in general and in the region in particular. Population
density in some parts of the Zone is as high as 781 ppkm² in Damot Gale Wereda; and as low as
168 ppkm² in Humbo Woreda.

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Based on the data gathered by WODA in 2007 E.C. the population size and structure, the
current total population of the zone is over 2.5 million. Out of which 795,950 are children (0-14
years) 901,276 are working age population and 29,352 are old age (65+1) population, women of
reproductive age (15-49) are 42,572. The current average population density of the Zone is
428.2km2. To alleviate the population increment problem, about 276,695 females and 57,956
males have been using different contraceptive methods.
4.4.4. Information About Wolata Sodo Town
Sodo town is the administrative center of the Wolaita zone. It is among the 18 growth- pole
town selected in the region. It is located at a distance of 390 km. south of Addis Ababa through
Shashemene road and 157 km away from Hawassa town, the capital of the SNNPRG. Sodo town
is among the few towns in the region endowed with good infrastructure access, for instance,
road net work, hydro- electric power & cleaned pipe water supply, modern telephone, banking,
educational and health facilities, colleges(public and private), university(public and private), etc.
The town has a graveled road network connection with its neighboring towns, fundamental for
transportation access. The main high way that stretches from Addis to Jinka town passes across
Sodo town. The shortest tarmac road path up to Sodo town has a total length of about 330 km.
To promote the involvement of the private sector in industrial initiatives, an industrial zone
with an area of 40 hectares is prepared in Sodo town. To promote the involvement of the
private sector in industrial initiatives, an industrial zone with an area of 40 hectares is prepared
in Sodo town.
There three sub-city in Wolaita Soddo town. These are Arada sub-city, Mehal sub-city and
Merkato sub-city. Source: Compiled from various sources and Wikipedia.
4.5. Rationale for the project
The rationales for the setting up of the public library in Wolaita Sodo town are as follows. These
are:

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In wolaita sodo town, there is no public library which services the society of the town. For this
reason, the project will satisfy the needs of the society.
The need for a public library is available to all, which provides access to knowledge in printed
and other formats to support formal and informal education, has been the reason for the
setting up of the public library. Throughout their lives people require education either at formal
institutions, for example, schools, colleges and universities, or in a less formal context related
to their employment and daily life. Learning does not end with the completion of formal
education but is, for most people, a lifelong activity. In an increasingly complex society people
will need to acquire new skills at various stages of their life. The public library has an important
role in assisting this process.
The public library in Wolaita Sodo Town will provide material in the appropriate media to
support formal and informal learning processes for the society. It will also help the user to
make use of these learning resources effectively as well as providing facilities that enable
people to study. The ability to access information and make effective use of it is vital to
successful education and, where possible, public library in the town will co-operate with other
educational organizations in teaching the use of information resources. For this reason, public
library in the town is very important.
As a public service open to all, the public library in the town will have a key role in collecting,
organizing and exploiting information, as well as providing access to a wide range of
information sources. The public library has a particular responsibility to collect local information
and make it readily available. It also acts as a memory of the past by collecting, conserving and
providing access to material relating to the history of the community and of individuals. In
providing a wide range of information the public library in the town will assist the community in
informed debate and decision-making on key issues. In collecting and providing information the
library will, wherever possible, co-operate with other agencies to make the best use of available
resources.
The opportunity to develop personal creativity and pursue new interests is important to human
development. To achieve this, people need access to knowledge and works of the imagination.
The public library in the town can provide access, in a variety of different media, to a rich and

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varied store of knowledge and creative achievement, which individuals cannot acquire on their
own behalf.
Access to works of the imagination and knowledge is an important contribution to personal
education and meaningful recreational activity.
The services and collections the library will provide are based on local needs, which will be
assessed regularly. Therefore, being aware of the changes in society arising from such factors as
social and economic development, demographic change, and variations in the age structure,
levels of education, patterns of employment and the emergence of other educational and
cultural providers, public library is very important for the society.
In Wolaita Zone, there are 12 districts/Weredas. Out of these districts, three towns were
selected as model town in the zone. These are Wolaita Sodo town itself, Bodit town, and Areka
town because of their infrastructural facilities when compared to other towns in the zone. In
the town, as mentioned above, there are three sub-cities. The population of the Wolaita Sodo
town is about 110,000. Out of these almost 35% are young and almost all of them has at least
completed their primary and high school education. Out of these almost 30 were unemployed
in the town. They need the information center like public library in order to get local as well as
national and international information. To satisfy their needs, the public library is very
important.
4.6. Scope of the project
This project will concentrate on setting up of the public library in Woliata Sodo Town and giving
service for the community in the town in order to satisfy the unsatisfied needs of the society in
the town regarding information needs. The project will serve the society in the town and the
whole community in the zone. The public library in the Wolaita Sodo Town can serve employed,
unemployed, students from different schools, colleges, and universities, merchants, etc. It will
serve the three sub-cities in the town. In general the library will give different services for those
who are interested in the library. This project applies the four project life cycle. After the
completion of the project, it will be implemented under the control of the Wolaita Sodo Town
Administration.

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4.7. Limitation of the project
The public library service in the Wolaita Sodo town is limited to give the library service to the
residents of the zone in general and residents of the town in particular. This project is limited to
the residents of the society in general in order to fulfill the unsatisfied needs of the society.
4.8. Significance of the project
In general, the following are the significance or the importance of the setting up of the public
library in the Wolaita Sodo town.
i. Primarily the project will create job opportunity for different persons while setting
up or building the library like different blue and white collar workers.
ii. It will also create job opportunity for the permanent employees after the completion
of the project or during implementation of the project.
iii. It will also provide the desired information to the society in the zone in general and
in the town in particular regarding economy, politics, socio-cultural, etc
iv. It also will provide recreational service for the society.
4.9. Pre-feasibility Study of the project
As the project is not profit making project, it is easy to enter into the appropriate market
without the fear of the competition. According to the survey done by the Wolaita Sodo town
Administration in 2007 E.C, the society in the town needs the latest public library in the town.
Therefore, the market potential for this project is unquestionable since it is public project.
4.10. Feasibility Study of the project
Under this category, there are about four feasibility studies for this project proposal. These are
as follows.
4.10.1. Economic feasibility
The economic feasibility of this project is increase the economic benefit of the society in the
town in particular and the zone in general by giving the latest and required information, the

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society can save their money, time, and others. It also will help the society in understanding
different situations in the country in general and in the region and zone in particular.
4.10.2. Technical Feasibility
The capacity planning for the project is determined by the different factors like the space for
reading through different Medias, recreation, space for vehicles, etc. For this implementation
purpose of this type of the project, the project manager will purchase the latest computers
which give the required services for the interested customers in the town. The latest systems
will be developed for the best implementation of the project in the town. The latest systems for
the controlling of the quality of the project will be implemented.
4.10.3. Financial Feasibility
Since the project of setting up of the public library is not a profit making project, it is impossible
to get all the fixed costs incurred during the project life cycle. For this reason, the after the
handover of this project that means during the implementation of this project, the library can
charge a small amount of the money per a minute. Since the project is the public project, and
also sponsored by the community, local and regional government and African Development
Bank, it is impossible to recover the fixed costs of the project. The library will charge the
customers 0.20 cents per minute for reading print outs and 0.15 cents per minute softcopies of
different sources.
4.10.4. Socio-cultural Feasibility
The public library of the Wolaita Sodo Town will benefit the society in understanding the
culture of different nations, nationalities, and peoples of the country in general and the region
and the zone in particular. This project can solve the problem of the society in providing the
information getting sources and then can develop the positive thinking or attitude of the
society. It also will change the attitude of the society towards other nations, nationalities and
peoples. It will also help to know the culture of different ions, nationalities, and peoples of the
country in general and the region and the zone in particular.

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4.11. Duration of the project
To decide the duration of the project of setting up of the public library, the work breakdown
structure/WBS is important. For this project type, the following WBS is made and along to this
the duration of the project is determined or decided. The library has G+2 building in order to
serve the society in broader terms.
In general, the total duration of the project is 15 months. The minor activities are included in
the above major activities of the project.
4.11.1. Giant chart of the Public Library Project
Table 1: Giant Chart of the Project
S.N Monthly activities 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
1. Selecting or appointing project manager
2. Designing the buildings
2. Construction of administration building
3. Fixation of d/t installation in project
office
4. Purchase of office furniture
5. Purchase of stationary materials
6. Designing of the project
7. Employing the project employees
8. Contracting the project
9. Purchasingof the required materials for
the construction of the project
10. Construction of the building ground
11. Construction of the G+1 of the library
12. Construction of the G+2 of the library
13. Purchasing of installation materials
14. Installation electricity, water line, and
telephone lines
15. Purchasing of doors, windows and
mirrors for fixation

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16. Fixation of doors, windows and mirrors
17. Purchasing of paints for painting of
buildings wall
18. Painting the wall of the building
19. Finishing the building
20. Purchasing of shelves
21. Fixation of shelves in the library
22. Purchasing reading materials
23. Collection of the reading materials from
different parts of the society/donors
24. Putting in order of reading materials
25. Purchasing computer tables and chairs
26. Purchasing lab computers for 2 labs
27. Fixing computers in two labs and
Installing required software into
computers
28. Purchasing library tables and chairs
29. Purchasing of check pointer
30. Purchasing stationary materials for
library
31. Opening the library to the community

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4.12. The design of Public Library of Wolaita Sodo Town
The design of the public library of the Wolaita Sodo Town will be G+2 with three main reading
rooms and two computer lab rooms.
In general, the library has three rooms for the library users.
- The first floor serves the people with disabilities and children in two different rooms
separately. This is because it is difficult for the people with disabilities to go further
floors. For this reason, it is preferable for them if the room is at ground level.
- The second floor will serve only elders from different parts of the zones and town.
- The third floor will serve only students. The students may be from different institutions
like primary and secondary schools, high schools and preparatory students, different
colleges and universities.
The adjacency and location of the two computer areas is subject to discussion with staff by the
architect.
The library which is designed follows these basic functional design criteria:
- Two floors maximum with ground level access;
- Open, flexible floor plan for future rearrangement;
- Adequate floor space for future growth;
- Logical relationship of functional areas;
- Adaptable to technological change; and

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- Potential for future building expansion.
The Computer Labs of the public library will be:
 Lab # 1 will provide public access to the internet, word processing, the Bridger net
Catalog and other on-line database resources. In this laboratory, 20 computers are
needed.
 Lab # 2 will provide computer stations for use in public and staff training. Area will be
open to general public use when not in use for training. This lab also will contain 20
computers in the room.
The adjacency and location of the two computer areas is subject to discussion with staff by the
architect.
4.12.1. Site Planning and Landscape Design
Once a building site has been selected, the orientation and shape of the building will be
determined. Proper orientation toward the sun and prevailing winds can have a significant
impact on energy usage over the life of the building. So in a rectangular building, it is preferable
for the long axis to run in an east-west direction. This is because it is more difficult to control
east light in the morning and west light in the afternoon than to control north and south light,
which trace symmetrical arcs through the day.
In cool and moderate climates, southern sunlight can help to heat the building during the
colder months but is undesirable during the warmer months. Be-cause the sun is lower in the
sky in the winter than in the summer, sunscreens can be designed that allow low winter
sunlight to enter the building but reflect summer sunlight. In hot climates, direct solar heat will
gain into buildings is rarely beneficial, so limiting the amount of south- and west-facing glass
and screening windows with porches, verandas, or awnings is desirable. In hot climates, making
a building more compact will lessen the amount of surface area through which heat will
penetrate. Direct penetration of sunlight onto collections can also lead to deterioration caused
by ultraviolet radiation.
Site microclimate can be adversely affected by the creation of large, un-shaded heated

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surfaces, or heat islands. Heat islands raise ambient air temperature. Heat-absorbing surfaces
include large expanses of flat roofing and asphalt roads and parking lots. Large surfaces of
asphalt, concrete, and other impermeable materials also disrupt natural site drainage and can
require expensive engineering solutions to channel water away from the library. Trees will be
used to shade parking lots. Permeable materials such as gravel will be considered as an
alternative to asphalt. Parking lots will be broken down into manageable areas, and site
drainage will be allowed to follow natural courses.
The Map of the Wolaita Sodo Town
4.13. Lighting
Lighting design begins with an understanding that different uses in a building have different
lighting needs. Stack lights, lighting for book reading, lighting for computer use, auditorium
lights, and task lighting for work areas all have unique characteristics and requirements. There
is nothing more pleasant than daylight for reading and writing; the glare of direct sunlight can
present problems for computer users, however, and unfiltered sunlight can be detrimental to
paper collections. High-efficiency T-5 or T-8 fluorescent lights represent the most efficient
appropriate fixtures for library.

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Lighting controls can help to make systems more efficient. Light control by photoelectric
sensors causes the artificial lighting to automatically switch off when the light level from natural
daylight is above a specified threshold.
PART TWO
PROJECT PLANNING
2. Public Library Project Planning
The planning phase of this project will include the following major parts. These are:
2. Human resource planning
3. Material planning
4. Cost planning
5. Financial planning
6. Risk planning
7. Quality planning
Communication planning
The project includes two major phases or parts. These include:
2. Construction of library building and
3. Fulfilling the necessary library facilities
2.1. Human Resource Planning
These man power planning are very important for the project purpose and their employment is
based on the labor law of the country. For this reason, the project manager will use the external
project management method. Some of them may continue after the completion of the project
and may enter into the project implementation based on their performance.

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The number and type of the manpower of the setting up of public library in Wolaita Sodo Town
are as follows. The table below shows the number and types of the employees for the project
purposes with their respective costs.
For this project purpose, before starting the construction of the library building, the project
manager should be appointed or employed as prior to other project activities in order to
manage the day-to-day activity of the project and recruit and select other employees who are
required to run the project.
Table 2: Types of Employees with their Salary
S.No Types of Employees No of employees Salary/month Salary/annum
1. Project manager 1 20,000.00 300,000
2. Technical Manager 1 15,000.00 22,5000
3. Site engineer 1 13,000.00 195,000
4. Finance and administration head 1 12,000.00 180,000
5. Finance officer 1 8,000.00 120,000
6. Property officer 1 8,000.00 120,000
7. Human resource officer 1 8,000.00 120,000
8. General service officer 1 8,000.00 120,000
9. Purchaser 1 8,000.00 120,000
9. Forman 1 4,000.00 60,000
10. Assistant Finance officer 1 5,000.00 75,000
11. IT officer 1 8,000.00 120,000
12. Cashier 1 4,500.00 67,500
13. Secretary 1 2,500.00 37,500
14. Guard 4 1,200.00 72,000
15. Cleaner 2 800.00 12,000
Total 16 126,000.00 1,944,000

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The above total cost shows that it will be incurred during the project period. The project will
take about 15 months which means one year and three months.
2.1.1. Project organizational Structure
Figure 1: Organization Structure of the Project
The project organizational structure shows that who reports to whom according to the
structure of the project.
Project
Manager
Finance &
Admin Head
Finance Officer
Assistant
Finacne Officer
HRM Officer
Secretary
General
service officer
Guard
Property
Officer
Property Clerk
Purchaser Cashier
Technical
Manager
Site Engineer
Technical
Consultants Foreman IT officer

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3.2. Material Planning
Material planning includes two major phases. These are:
2. Construction of library building
3. Fulfilling the library facilities
1. Construction library and administration buildings
A. Construction of Library Building
B. Construction of Administration building
A. Construction of Library Building
The construction of library building for the library service starts from:
For Ground
i. Digging the ground
ii. Fixing steels for each colon or pillars
iii. Fixing the supporters for the next floor
iv. Filling the concert for floors for the next
v. Filling the concert for each colon or pillars
vi. Fixing the supporters for the next floor
vii. Covering the roof by steel
viii. Filling the concert
ix. Making electric and telephone installation
For G+1
i. Fixing the steels for each colon or pillars
ii. Fixing the supporters for the next floor
iii. Filling the concert for each colon or pillars
iv. Filling the concert for floors for the next
v. Making electric and telephone installation
For G+2

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i. Fixing steelsforputtingthe plate steel
ii. Coveringthe roof withplate steels
iii. Finishingthe roofs
iv. Making electric and telephone installation
Finally
i. After finishing all the floors and roofs, fixing the blockets for the wanted sides of the
building will begin.
ii. After this fixing those electric and telephone wires, fixing doors and windows will
start.
iii. After those activities have been finished, coloring the wall (both internal and
external) will start.
B. Construction of Administration building
The administrationbuildinghasonlyground,noG+.
i. Digging the ground
ii. Fixing steels for each colon or pillars
iii. Fixing the supporters for the next floor
iv. Filling the concert for each colon or pillars
v. Covering the roof by steel
vi. Covering the roof with plate steels
vii. Making electric and telephone installation
Phase 2: Fulfilling the library facilities
i. Planning for the purchase of each necessary materials for the library service
ii. Making an agreement/contruct with different suppliers of the library facilities
iii. Ordering, making payment and receiving the library chairs and tables
iv. Ordering, making payment and receiving computers for the lab and office purpose
v. Ordering, making payment and receiving the mangerial chairs and tables
vi. Ordering, making payment and receiving the secretary chairs and secretary tables
vii. Ordering, making payment and receiving checker

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viii. Ordering, making payment and receiving different books in different languages
ix. Ordering, making payment and receiving internet server
The second phase of the material planning will start immediately after the completion of the
first phase. The material requirement for each phase has different specifications.
3.2.1. Construction of Library Building
The following are the major construction materials for the library building in Wolaita Sodo
Town.
Table 3: Construction Material planning with its cost
S.No Types of Materials Quantity Cost/unit in birr Total cost in birr
1. Metal 50 packets - 10,000,000
2. Stone 50 2500 125,000
3. Sand 100 2500 250,000
4. Cement 1000 quintals 1000 1000,000
5. Nail 70 packets 200 1,400
6. Iron sheets 1000 pcs 200 200,000
7. Aluminum 200 pcs 1000 200,000
8. Gravel 1000 pcs 1000 1,000,000
9. Wood 10 pcs 2500 25,000
10. Wall paintings 200 pcs 400 80,000
11. Doors 12 pcs 3000 36,000
12. Mirror - - 2,000,000
13. Window 24 pcs 1500 36,000
14. Light bulbs 80 pcs 200 16,000
15. Electric wire 30 pcs 1500 45,000
16. Internet wire 10 pcs 2000 20,000

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17. Blocket 30,000 pcs 100 3,000,000
18. Fire extinguisher 10 pcs 5000 50,000
19. Other accessories - - 1,000,000
20. Contingency budgets 2,000,000
Total 21,084,400
The above table shows the type of the materials with its respective costs for the construction of
the public library project in Wolaita Sodo Town.
3.2.2. Fulfilling the necessary library facilities
Fulfillment of the library facilities makes the library ready for giving services to the community.
It will start from the completion of the library construction.
Table 4: Library Materials for the Implementation
S.No Types of Materials Quantity Cost/unit in birr Total Cost
1. Tables 50 pcs 1500 75,000
2. Chairs 100 pcs 1000 100,000
3. Shelves for books 54 pcs 2000 108,000
4. Desktop Computers 44 pcs 8000 3520,000
5. Amharic books 500 pcs - 200,000
6. English books 300 pcs - 150,000
7. Wolaitigna books 200 pcs - 100,000
8. Braille books 50 Pcs - 50,000
9. Magazines 60 pcs - 50,000
10. News 30 pcs - 50,000
11. Internet server(broad band) 2 pcs 300,000
12. Air fresher/ventilator 10 pcs 5000
13. Electric divider 50 pcs 150 7500

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14. Digital checker 3 pcs 10000 30000
15. Managerial table 2 pcs 1500 3000
16. Managerial chair 2 pcs 1000 2000
17. Secretary chair 1 pcs 500 500
18. Computer table 1 pcs 600 600
19. Stamps 2 pcs 100 200
20. Bin boxes 20 pcs 50 1000
21. Stationary materials for the library - - 150,000
22. Security Camera 4 pcs 5000 20,000
23. Contingency cost - - 500,000
Total - 5,422,800
3.3. Cost planning
The cost planning for the setting up of the public library in Wolaita Sodo Town shows the total
cost which will be incurred in the setting up of the public library.
Table 5: Total cost of the project
S.No Types of cost Unit cost in birr
1. Designing cost 1,000,000
2. Contracting cost 2,000,000
3. Digging the ground cost 1,000,000
4. Construction cost 21,084,400
5. Project human resource cost 1,944,000
6. Fulfilling facilities 5,422,800
7. For others 1,000,00
8. Contingency 3,000,000
Total cost 45,451,200
3.4. Financial planning
The finacial planning for the setting up of the publiv library in Wolaita Sodo town includes
the sources of finance. The total cost for the setting up of public library in Wolaita Sodo

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Town is about 45,451,200 ethiopian birr.The source of finance for this project purpose
includes
i. Budgets from the town administration which covers about 60% of the project fund
which accounts 27,270,720 birr.
ii. Aid from African Development Bank which covers about 40% of the project fund
which accounts 18,180,480 birr.
Since the project is public project, it is impossible to forecaser the finance for the project. For
the realization of the funds for this project porposes, before stating the project, all sourse of
the funds must be collected. If this is not possible, trying to find the required amount of the
fund for each phase of the project as much as possible. The public library will not have no
service charge in the different countries. Since our country is a developing country, we have to
chage a small amount of price not to recover the initial investment cost rather to support
simply administration cost. For this reason, the library will charge the customers 0.10 cents per
minute for reading print outs and 0.15 cents per minute softcopies of different sources.
The effective and afficient utilization of the project’s budget will be evaluated and controlled by
the town’s administration accountants and auditors.
3.5. Operational planning
An operational plan is necessary to ensure that the activities of the library service are focused
on achieving the priorities and goals identified in the plan. The plan will reflect the following
elements:
A focus on service to users
The implementation of the priorities and goals of the strategic plan
The formation of operational elements of the agreed strategies
The development of clearly identified goals with manageable and achievable
time frames
The definition of achievable outputs for the level of inputs

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The participation of library staff who carry out the activities
The allocation of responsibility to identified staff members for achieving outputs
A programme for monitoring, evaluating and amending the plan at regular
intervals.
3.6. Quality Plan
The quality of the project will be ascertained at each phase or intermittently while the project is
on process 6or progress by predetermined experts or group of team of experts. After the
completion of the library project, the service quality can also be assured by using the feedback
from the clients of the library.
3.7. Risk Planning, Assessment and Mitigation Measures
The project considered is the Public Library of Wolaita Sodo, a birr 50 million building project.
The risk factors for the Public Library of Wolaita Sodo Town are as follows.
1. Construction risk/implementation risk
2. Economic risk
3. Financial risk/foreign exchange rate
4. Legal risk and/or Political risk
5. Time factors
3.7.1. Construction risk management
Construction projects by their nature are faced with unexpected events as each project is
unique. Construction risk management then aims to make effective decisions about what
happens in the future, supported through effective analysis. Construction risk management
enables the project team to recognize potential sources of risk for a particular project which are
likely to have a high impact on the project and their probability of occurrence. Post this
assessment, the project team is able to adopt mitigation measures and better manage the
residual risks while exploiting opportunities which present themselves.

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Because of the economic factors of influences, the quality of the construction may decrease. In
order to avoid this problem, quality control mechanisms will be employed. The method may
include employing of the quality controlling officer. Because of these factors, the quality of the
project may deteriorate unfortunately. The officer reports to the owner of the project and
general and technical manager of the project. If there is any deviation from the pre-specified
plan the jointly take corrective actions for the successful completion of the project.
3.7.2. Economic risk
The economic risk of the library project may be the inflationary factors that can affect the price
of the materials which are needed for the construction of the project and for the fulfilling of the
public library in the town. For example, the price of the construction material may increase
from time to time due to economic factors. Because of these factors, the cost of the project
may increase unfortunately. In order to avoid this type of the problem, the project manager will
take purchasing of all the necessary materials and storing it in the store.
3.7.3. Resource risk
The financial risk factors for the project may include the shortages sources for the setting up of
the project. The shortages of the resources like human resources, materials or physical
resources and financial resources have an adverse effect on the quality, completion schedule
and may increase the cost for the project. In order to avoid such problems, the project manager
has to purchase the required materials of the project when they are in low cost value. If not,
the project may incur more cost.
3.7.4. Legal and/or political risk
The political or legal risk factor for the setting up of the public library in Wolaita Sodo Town may
include different legal and regulatory actions of the government. The government policies for
the project may include change in land policy, labor law of the country, supporting of the

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project, taxation policy etc. In order to avoid this type of the problem, the project manager
must have a good relationship with different governmental officials.
7.7.5. Operational risk
Because of the different risk factors mentioned above, the project may not be completed on
the specified time. So in general, the project manager in conjunction with different
stakeholders has to take different corrective and preventive actions for the successfulness of
the project.
3.8. Communication Plan
The communication of the project will be based on the project organization structure. For
example finance and administration head and site engineer of the project organization reports
to the project manager. The officers in different parts of the project are required to report to
the respective heads in the project structure. The project manager of the public library in
wolaita sodo town will report to the head of the town administration and the committee of the
project which is structured by the head of the town administration. The project manager is the
responsible person in this project by reporting the stages of the project to the concerned
parties.
Finlly, recording all the necessary steps and materials used, man power used, etc for the further
reference purpose. The project information may help others as a reference. So all steps and
resources like material, financial, and human resources used during the project execution
period must be recorded properly and finally reported to the concerned parties. And then the
proect will be handed over.

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PART THREE
4. IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PROJECT
4.2. Human Resources Management and Training
After the completion of the first two phases i.e. initiation and planning phases, the projects will
employ the following employees as temporary and permanent employees of the public library
of Wolaita Sodo Town.
This project is going to be controlled and supervised by the Wolaita Sodo Town Administration.
The project manager during its setting up of will report to the head of the town administration.
After the completion of the project, the organizational structure of the project will look like the
following structure.
The salary for each employ will be decided by the public servant and human resource minister
scale under the zonal departments because the organization is governmental organization. This
type of the project is controlled and supervised by the concerned governmental officials.
4.2.1. Organizational Structure Public Library of Wolaita Sodo Town
Figure 2: Library Organizational Structure
Head of
the Town
Director of
Library
Circulation
workers
Assistant
Librarians
Bookstore
keepers
IT officer
Lab
Attendant
Finance
Officer
Cashier Secretary
Security
Guard
Cleaner

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Table 6: Types of Employees with Salary
S.No Types of Employees No of employees Salary/month Salary/annum
1. Library director 1 7,000 84,000
2. Assistant librarians 6 4,000 288,000
3. Circulation workers 4 3,000 144,000
4. Bookstore keeper 2 2,000 48,000
5. IT officer 1 5,000 60,000
6. Cashier 1 2,500 30,000
7. Finance officer 1 4,000 48,000
8. Secretary 1 2,000 24,000
9. Guard 4 800 38,400
10 Cleaner 6 500 36,000
Total 27 30,800 800,400
The following categories of staff are found in public library of Wolaita Sodo Town:
 Qualified librarians
 Library assistants
 Support staff
Staff is a vitally important resource in the operation of a library. Staff expenses normally
represent a high proportion of a library’s budget. In order to provide the best possible service
to the community it is necessary to maintain well trained and highly motivated staff to make
effective use of the resources of the library and to meet the demands of the community in the
town.
The management of library staff is itself an important task. All staff should have a clear
understanding of the policy of the library service, ethics, well-defined duties and
responsibilities, properly regulated conditions of employment and salaries that are competitive
with other similar jobs.

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4.3. The skills of library staff
The public library is a service aimed at all members of the community who will have varied and
changing needs. Public library staff of Wolaita Sodo Town will require a range of skills and
qualities, including interpersonal skills, social awareness, teamwork and leadership and
competence in the practices and procedures of the organization. The fundamental qualities and
skills required of public library staff of the town can be:
 The ability to communicate positively with people
 The ability to understand the needs of users
 The ability to co-operate with individuals and groups in the community
 Knowledge and understanding of cultural diversity
 Knowledge of the material that forms the library’s collection and how to access it
 An understanding of and sympathy with the principles of public service
 The ability to work with others in providing an effective library service
 Organizational skills, with the flexibility to identify and implement changes
 Imagination, vision and openness to new ideas and practice
 Readiness to change methods of working to meet new situations
 Knowledge of information and communications technology.
4.4. Training of Library Staff
Training is a vital element of the activities of a public library. There will have a planned and
continuous programme of training for staff at all levels. The rapid developments in information
technology make the need for regular training even more essential, and the importance of
networking and access to other information sources should be included in training
programmes. Librarians and support staff should receive induction training in the functions and
purpose of the public library and the context in which it operates.
4.5. Ethical standards
Public library staff of Wolaita Sodo Town has a responsibility to maintain high ethical standards
in their dealings with the public, other members of staff and external organizations. All

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members of the public should be dealt with on an equal basis and every effort must be made to
ensure that information provided is as full and accurate as possible. Librarians must not allow
their personal attitudes and opinions to determine which members of the public are served and
what materials are selected and displayed. The public must have confidence in the impartiality
of the library staff if the library is to meet the needs of all members of the community.
4.6. The governance and administration of the public library of Wolaita Sodo Town
Public library of Wolaita Sodo Town will be governed by a properly established body made up
largely of representatives of the local community including those elected either to the local
council or to the library board. Library committees and boards should have rules of procedure
and their proceedings should be open to the general public. They should meet on a regular
basis and publish agenda, minutes, annual reports and financial statements.
Public library of Wolaita Sodo Town will be well managed and administered. The administration
of a library should be directed towards improving the quality of service to the users and not as
an end in itself. It should be efficient and accountable. It may also be necessary to draw on the
expertise of staff of the parent authority or other related organization in certain areas, for
example, lawyers, payroll and pensions staff.
4.7. Working hours of the Library
In order to provide the best possible access to the library service, the library must be open at
times of maximum convenience to those who live, work and study in the community. All library
staff should have satisfactory working conditions and the conditions of employment should be
clearly stated in the contract given to the new member of staff when they are employed.
The schedule for the Public library service of Wolaita Sodo Town will be in the following ways:
1. In working days i.e. from Monday to Friday, the time will be 2:00 A.M-2:00 P.M.
2. In weekends i.e. Saturday and Sunday, the time will be 3:00 A.M-1:00 P.M.

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4.8. Resources of the library
To fulfill its roles satisfactorily the public library of Wolaita Sodo Town must have adequate
resources, not just when it is established but also on a continuing basis, to enable it to sustain
and develop services that meet the needs of the local community.
This means it should provide materials in all formats, up-dated regularly to meet the changing
needs of groups and individuals, including newly-published and replacement materials. It
should also provide adequate levels of staff with appropriate training and sufficient funds to
support whatever methods of service delivery are needed for it to meet its vital role in the
community.
The public library of Wolaita Sodo Town provides a wide range of materials in a variety of
formats and in sufficient quantity to meet the needs and interests of the community.
The culture of the local community and society must be reflected in the resource collection.
Public libraries must keep abreast of new formats and new methods of accessing information.
All information should be as readily available as possible, irrespective of format. The
development of local information sources and resources is vital.
4.9. Collections of library materials
The following categories of library materials may be represented in the public library:
 Fiction and non-fiction for adults, young adults and children
 Reference works
 Access to databases
 Periodicals
 Local, regional and national newspapers
 Community information
 Government information, including information by and about local administrations
 Business information
 Local history resources
 Genealogical resources
 Resources in the primary language of the community, Wolaitigna
 Resources in other languages
 Music scores
 Computer games
 Toys
 Games and puzzles

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 Study materials
4.10. User participation
Customers should be involved in service development in the following ways:
 By asking them through surveys what services they use and require
 By analyzing and responding to users’ complaints
 By monitoring users’ reactions to services and new initiatives
 By ensuring the input received from users is considered in the development of policy
and procedures
 By providing feedback to users about the effects of their input on service development
 By providing suggestion boxes and a complaints and commendations procedure
4.11. Safety
Every effort should be made to ensure that the library is safe for the public and the staff. Smoke
and fire alarms should be provided and security protection for staff and resources. The location
of fire extinguishers and emergency exits should be clearly marked. Staff should be trained in
first aid and first aid supplies be made readily available. Evacuation drills should be carried out
regularly. The library manager in co-operation with the emergency services should prepare a
disaster plan to be put into action in the event of a serious incident, for example fire. For this
reason, the security camera must be there.
4.12. Parking
Where users travel to the library in private vehicles there should be sufficient safe and well lit
parking either at or close to the library with appropriately identified spaces for persons with
disabilities. If bicycles are a common mode of transport, secure cycle racks should be provided
outside the library.
4.13. Performance measurement of the Library
Performance measurement has been used in public libraries for some years.
Measurements or performance indicators are established to measure the input to libraries that
is the resources devoted to the whole or particular services, and the output: what is achieved
as a result of the activity being carried out.

39. 39
For example, the establishment of an enquiry service for users requires the input of staff,
materials, equipment and floor space. The output is the number of enquiries received, the
number satisfied, the level of use made of the resources and the use of other services, for
example, the reservation service, arising from the original activity. These measures can then be
compared each year to see if the effectiveness of the library service is improving.
4.14. The Programs in Public Library in Wolaita Sodo Town
a. Reading clubs
Under this program library bring together members of their communities to read and learn
together and share what they read to encourage each other to read. This is in line with building
an educated and informed nation.
b. Youth computer training
The programme is aimed at capacitating the youth with computer and internet skills. This
program will be introduced through the library Project and it targets the youth. One of the
objectives for library is to be a nation that has access to ICT infrastructure and is able to utilize
technology to connect with the rest of world, and with this program the library is helping in
meeting that objective.
c. Programmes aimed at assisting people living with disabilities
Braille Literacy – The public library will loan out Braille materials to organizations that serve
people who are visually impaired such as the collaboration between Wolaita Sodo Public
Library. In general, people with disabilities will be served in the library in a suitable place of the
library. Special places will be prepared for those people with disabilities. The library will provide
suitable chair for those people.
4.15. Service provision
After the completion of the public library of Wolaita Sodo Town, it will provide a range of
services, both within the library and in the community, to satisfy their users’ needs. The library
will facilitate access to its services for all, including those who have difficulty reading print.

40. 40
Physical accessibility is one of the major keys to the successful delivery of public library services.
Services of high quality are of no value to those who are unable to access them. Access to
services should be structured in a way that maximizes convenience to users and potential users.
The following services, which will be easily accessible to the user in a variety of formats and
media, will be provided:
 Loan of books and other media
 Provision of books and other materials for use in the library
 Information services using print and electronic media
 Readers’ advisory services including reservation services
 Community information services
Tables and Chairs for Library Internal Design of Library
Computer laboratory Library Ground Design

41. 41
4.16. Library technologies
Library technologies are one of the most important factors in planning the structure of space
for user services, media preservation and staff, and connections and links between these
spaces. This factor determines the usage of computer, audiovisual and other modern
technologies in the library.
Three major technological processes can be distinguished in the library performance.
Sometimes these processes are called "library cycles" or "ways". These are: "way of the media",
"way of the orders", and "way of the information".
 The "way of the media" is the most important library circle and includes processing and
location of the media.
 The "way of the orders" includes identification of the media in the information system
and in the stacks, delivering media to the users and returning it back to the stacks.
 The "way of the information" includes the producing of the "secondary" or processed
information.
4.17. Capacity of the Library
The public library of the project after successful completion will serve the following clients.
These are:
i. In the ground, children and people with disabilities will be served. At one time, at
least 30 children will be served and in the room of people with disabilities at least 20
will be served.
ii. In the G+1 reading room, at least 50 clients will be served at a time.
iii. In the G+2 reading room, at least 50 clients will be served at a time.
iv. In the computer lab 1, 20 clients will be served at a time.
v. In the computer lab 2, 20 clients will be served at a time.
vi. In the parking place at the time, at least middle sized 20 cars will be served.
vii. In the cafeteria, at least 40-50 clients will be served.
viii. Place for rest around the building will serve 20-30 clients at time.

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In general, the public library of Wolaita Sodo Town will serve at least 220 clients at a time. This
is the total expected number of the clients which will be served in the library.
Conclusion
This project envisages the setting uo of the public library in Wolaita Sodo Town with the initial
investment cost of 45,451,200 Ethiopian birr. This cost is the total investment cost of setting up
of the Public Library in Wolaita Sodo Town. For this project, the funds will be getting from two
main sources like aid from African Development Bank and budgets from the town
administration of Wolaita Sodo. These include 40% and 60% respectively. This project is one
type of the public project which is not profit making organization.
This project will take about 15 months i.e. one year and 3 months’ project. This project has two
major phases that are construction of public library building and fulfilling of the necessary
materials to complete this project.
The project can create about 43 people with different qualifications i.e. during the setting up of
the project, it create job opportunity for about 16 people and 27 job opportunity after the
completion of the project that is when it enters into implementation or when it gives the
expected service to the concerned community. In general, the public library of Wolaita Sodo
Town will serve at least 220 clients at a time. This is the total expected number of the clients
which will be served in the library.