The document discusses the psychosocial aspects of aging and life satisfaction among older adults. It notes that older adults face physiological, psychological, and social adjustments as they age. However, research shows that most older adults report being satisfied with their lives. While happiness tends to decline with age, life satisfaction often increases as people grow older. Health status, social support, activity levels, and socioeconomic status are positively associated with greater life satisfaction in older populations. The document also describes Pakistan's social welfare programs that provide facilities and care for older adults, including six state-run old age homes that accommodate 300 individuals total.

1. PSYCHOSOCIAL
ASPECTS OF OLD
PATIENTS
Dr Usman Amin Hotiana

2. At a welfare home

3. What challenges are faced in old age?

4. Challenges of old age
■ Progressive physiological changes
■ Psychological Adjustment
■ Social Adjustment
■ Physical and functional decline
■ Changing social relationships and roles
■ Dealing with multiple losses

5. Imagine you are 80 years old, How would
you consider yourself satisfied

6. Life satisfaction
■ conceptualized as a component of the larger construct of subjective
well-being.This broader construct also includes measures of morale and
mood.
■ George (1981, 1986) defines life satisfaction as a global assessment
oflife quality, derived from comparison of one's aspirations to his or her
actual conditions of life.

7. ■ Moreover, she emphasizes that life satisfaction is a cognitive evaluation
of the discrepancy between one's life achievements and aspirations

8. ■ In contrast to measures of mood, an emotional judgment of current
state, life satisfaction is a more stable judgment of one's overall status
in life. Consequently, measures of life satisfaction tend to be less
affected by short-term or contemporaneous psychosocial events that
readily alter indices of mood

10. ■ Examinations of levels of life satisfaction in elderly populations reveal
that most individuals 85% or more, describe themselves as satisfied 0;
very satisfied with their lives (George, 1981; Larson, 1978; Sauer &
Warland, 1982).

11. ■ Moreover, comparisons of levels of life satisfaction across age groups
typically reveal that older adults are at least as satisfied with their lives
as their middle-aged and younger counterparts (C

12. ■ The work of Campbell et al. (1976) also revealed that whereas levels of
happiness were higher in young adults in comparison to elderly
individuals, the reverse was true for life satisfaction. George (1986)
interpreted these findings to suggest that "euphoria is the prerogative
of youth, whereas contentment is the reward of old age"

14. ■ Gender differences in the determinants of life satisfaction have been
observed by several researchers. Lubben (1989) found that for men,
family relationships were more strongly related to well being than peer
relationships and that the opposite was true for women.
■ Moreover, the results of his study revealed that the psychological and
physical well-being of married women were negatively affected by the
burden of caring for physically ill, dependent husbands.

15. ■ Health status has been found to be one of the strongest predictors of
life satisfaction relative to other psychosocial variables

16. ■ Along with better health, higher levels of social support/integration,
activity, and socioeconomic status are associated with greater levels
of life satisfaction

17. ■ Social isolation has been assumed to be related to decreased life
satisfaction, loneliness, and poor health in elderly individuals.
adequately assess social isolation as a risk factor in elderly adults.

18. ■ Life satisfaction has also been examined in relation to loss and
transitioning of social roles in later life. Adelmann (1994), in her review
of this literature, noted that well-being is higher for adults participating
in multiple social roles. However, little research has specifically
examined the effects of multiple roles in elderly individuals. One such
study found that increasing participation in up to eight different
social roles was associated with higher levels of present life
satisfaction and self-efficacy along with lower levels of depression in a
sample of adults ages 60 years and older

19. ■ participation in organized religious activities has shown repeated
associations with better health and well-being. Moreover, results of the
Markides et al. (1987) longitudinal study of religious activity in elderly
individuals revealed that religiosity remains fairly stable over time, that
there is a decrease in religious attendance due to declining health, and
that the association between religious attendance and well-being is at
least partly related to the tendency of both of these variables to be
influenced by functional health

20. ■ SocialWelfare Department first old age home was established in 1975
under the name of “Aafiat” in Lahore. Later, 5 more Old Age Homes
were established in the districts of Multan, Rawalpindi, Narowal,
Sahiwal andTobaTak Singh.These homes are providing quality services
including shelter, food, health care and recreational facilities to old and
infirm persons of the society. All such Institutions have the capacity to
accommodate total 300 old and infirm persons (50 residents per
institution) at a time.

21. For the welfare of the infirm people, the Department is providing elderly services in form of 'Old Age Home'.
Old Age Homes (Aafiat)
Social Welfare Department first old age home was established in 1975 under the name of “Aafiat” in Lahore. Later, 5 more Old Age Homes were
established in the districts of Multan, Rawalpindi, Narowal, Sahiwal and Toba Tak Singh. These homes are providing quality services including shelter,
food, health care and recreational facilities to old and infirm persons of the society. All such Institutions have the capacity to accommodate total 300 old
and infirm persons (50 residents per institution) at a time.
Eligibility Criteria
The eligibility criteria for the admission is as follows:
•Senior citizens (both male and female) who are above 60 years of age are eligible for admission
•These individuals should be in good health and should not contain any serious or contagious disease. Extremely sick, insane and disable infirm
people are not admitted
•Priority is given to those who are extremely vulnerable and don’t have any family or children or those who have no means of income

22. ■ The eligibility criteria for the admission is as follows:
■ Senior citizens (both male and female) who are above 60 years of age
are eligible for admission
■ These individuals should be in good health and should not contain any
serious or contagious disease. Extremely sick, insane and disable infirm
people are not admitted
■ Priority is given to those who are extremely vulnerable and don’t have
any family or children or those who have no means of income

23. ■ ases. In the meanwhilFacilities
■ Following facilities are provided to the senior citizens:
■ Separate residential portions are made for male and female
■ These homes look after all the basic needs of residents including food, cloth, shelter,
medicines, recreation etc.
■ The old and infirm persons of three categories unclaimed, poor and issueless can stay
in these home for life time
■ The applicant is allowed to stay for a period of 6 months to one year and further
extendable in special ce, efforts are made for reconciliation with their families

24. https://swd.punjab.gov.pk/elderly_welfa
re-services

25. ■ “We make whateverWe want stay in the womb until a
specified time and thenWe bring you out as children so
that you can reach your full maturity. Some of you die
and some of you revert to the lowest form of life so
that, after having knowledge, they then know nothing
at all.” Quran 22.5

28. Old age shouldn’t be just about survival
rather about fun