This chapter discusses the psychology of travel, including common motivations for travel and classifications of travelers. It outlines 4 basic travel motivators: physical, cultural, interpersonal, and status/prestige. Travelers are motivated by needs to escape, relax, socialize, gain status, or learn. Travelers can also be classified based on personality as psychocentrics, allocentrics, or midcentrics. Additional classifications include business vs pleasure travelers and constraints some face like lack of money, time, or health issues. Understanding motivations helps tourism providers satisfy traveler needs and wants.

1. Chapter 3
PSYCHOLOGY OF
TRAVEL

2. A. MOTIVATION OF
TRAVEL

3. A. Motivation of Travel
1. Escape
2. Relaxation
3. Relief of Tension
4. Sun lust
5. Physical

4. A. Motivation of Travel
6. Health
7. Family togetherness
8. Interpersonal relations
9. Roots or ethnic
10.Maintain Social contacts

5. A. Motivation of Travel
11. Convince oneself of ones achievements
12.Show one’s importance to others
13.Status and prestige
14.Self discovery
15.Cultural

6. A. Motivation of Travel
16.Education
17.Professional/business
18.Wanderlust
19.Interest in forest areas
20.Interest in scenery

7. 4 basic travel motivators:

8. 4 basic travel motivators:
1. Physical Motivators
include those related to physical rest,
sports participation, beach recreation,
relaxing entertainment, and other
motivations connected with health.

9. 4 basic travel motivators:
2. Cultural Motivators
include the desire to know about other
countries

10. 4 basic travel motivators:
3. Interpersonal Motivators
Pertain to the desire to meet other
people, visit friends or relatives, escape from
routine, from family and neighbors.

11. 4 basic travel motivators:
4. Status and Prestige Motivators
Ego needs and personal development.
Included in this group are trips related to
business, and conventions, study, and pursuit
of hobbies education. Travel will enhance
one’s recognition and group reputation.

12. B.TRAVEL AS MEANS
TO SATISFY A NEED
AND WANT.

13. Key in understanding
Tourist Motivation is to
view vacation travel as
a vehicle to satisfy ones
need and wants.

14. C. RELATIONSHIP
OF NEEDS,
WANTS, AND
MOTIVES

15. C. Relationship of Needs, Wants, and Motives

18. TOURIST
MOTIVATIONS

19. Tourist motivations
A. The need to escape or change
B. Travel for Health
C. Sports
D. Social Contact
E. Status and Prestige
F. Travel for Education
G. Personal Values
H. Cultural Experience
I. Shopping and Bargain Hunting
J. Professional and Business motives
K. Search for natural beauty

20. A. The need to escape or change
• The greatest reason for
travel can be summed up in
one word ---- escape

21. B. Travel for Health
• Development in the field of
medicine have influenced
travel for centuries, giving
rise to the concept of health
tourism.

22. C. Sports
• Interest in sports either as
participant or spectator is
attracting large segments
of the population

23. D. Social Contact
• Much travel grows out of
the social nature of people.
• Human beings are social
animals;
• They need contact and
communication with others.

24. E. Status and Prestige
• Travel provides the means of ego
or self-enhancement.
• Travel to a poor country can
provide the traveler with a
feeling of superiority.
• Travel can also provide a means
of mingling with wealthy and
social elite.

25. G. Personal Values
• The notion of personal values
is an important travel
motivator.
• Many people are urged to
travel to satisfy personal
values and as the search for;
spiritual experience,
patriotism and
wholesomeness.

26. H. Cultural Experience
• Cross-cultural exchanges,
experiencing how other people
live and fostering international
understanding are some of the
reasons to satisfy curiosity about
other culture, lifestyles and
places.

27. F. Travel for Education
• The search for knowledge
and truth is inherent in
every individual.
• Travel offers an
opportunity to satisfy urge
to learn.

28. I. Shopping and Bargain Hunting
• To many people the joys developed
from buying certain goods may be
the major reason for travel.

29. J. Professional and Business motives
• Great number of people travel
for professional and business
motives.

30. k. Search for natural beauty
• Travel to satisfy ones search for
beauty.

31. LEARNING PROCESS
OF A TOURIST

32. Learning Process of a Tourist
• Individual will buy a vacation package if he has learned that the
purchase will satisfy an important need.
• Tourist compares various alternatives with list of criteria to
determine which alternative will most likely satisfy a particular
motive.
• The resulting inclination will have an effect on the decision to buy.
• The inclination may be positive or negative, depending how well a
chosen alternative meet the motivator.
• The number of alternatives may vary according to the
characteristics of the traveler.

33. EFFECT OF
CONSISTENCY AND
COMPLEXITY ON
LEISURE TRAVEL

34. Effect of Consistency and complexity on leisure
travel
• Too much repetition or consistency results in boredom and a
corresponding amount of psychological tension grater than they
can handle.
-To reduce this tension he will attempt to introduce some complexity in his
life.
• Similarly, too much complexity may result more tension than a
person can endure.
-To reduce the complexity he will introduce a consistency in that
experience.

35. CLASSIFICATION OF
TRAVELERS BASED ON
PERSONALITY

36. Classification of travelers based on personality
• Phychocentrics – people centered on self, are inhibited and
unadventuresome. When traveling, they prefer to visit “safe”
destinations. They do not want to experiment on the
accommodation, food and entertainment.
• Allocentrics – people having interest on other person, are highly
curious and thrive on stimulation and change. They have a strong
need for variety and new experience.
• Midcentrics – people who resides in the middle. They prefer going
to a safe place but still wont hesitate to experience new things.

37. CLASSIFICATION OF
TRAVELERS BASED ON
THE PURPOSE OF
TRAVEL

38. Classification of travelers based on the purpose
of travel
Business Travelers:
o Regular Business Travelers
o Business Travelers attending meetings, conventions,
and congresses.
o Incentive Travelers

39. Classification of travelers based on the purpose
of travel
Pleasure/Personal Travelers:
oResort Travelers
oFamily pleasure travelers
oThe elderly; and
oSingles and couples

40. TRAVEL CONSTRAINTS

41. Travel Constraints
•Lack of money
•Lack of time
•Lack of safety and security
•Physical disability
•Family commitments
•Lack of interest in travel; and
•Fears of travel

42. Thank you for listening!
• Ref: Principles of Tourism Part I' 2006 Ed.