2. Learning Outcomes:
1. Explain the relationship
of tourism and hospitality
2. Compare tourism and
hospitality with other
industries; and
3. Appreciate the
importance of tourism
and hospitality
3. Tourism and hospitality is one of the world’s
largest and fastest-growing industries. It
contributes greatly to global economic
development. The components of this large
industry may be independent and competitive
businesses; yet, they are interrelated and
interdependent. The components of the tourism
and hospitality network are: food and beverage
services, lodging services, recreation and
entertainment services, and travel and tourism
services.
Tourism and hospitality is an important human
activity with economic, social, cultural, and
educational significance. More importantly, it is
important vehicle for attaining global peace.
4. The Relationship of
Tourism and Hospitality
The tourism and hospitality
industries strongly affect one
another. Several associations and
industry leaders consider the
combined industries of tourism
and hospitality as one large
industry – the tourism and
hospitality industry. The
components of this large industry
include: 1. Food and Beverage
Services, 2. Lodging Services, 3.
Recreational Services and 4. Travel
Related (Tourism) Services. The
components constitute the
tourism and hospitality networks.
“Networks” means a complicated
interconnection of parts or
components.
6. The components of the tourism
and hospitality network may be
independent and competitive
business; yet, they are
interrelated and interdependent.
The interdependence among the
components is strong especially
in those countries which rely on
tourism and hospitality for their
economic development. Although
the components of the tourism
and hospitality network are
constantly changing in
connection with labor,
opportunity, and growth, the
network will continue to
dominate as a global industry.
7. 1. The Food and
Beverage Component
The public looks for food and beverage
service everywhere – in hotels, motels,
airlines, airports, cruise ships, trains and
shopping malls. There are commercial
restaurants that provide food and
beverage services such as fast service
restaurants, ethnic restaurants, and
specialty restaurants. Aside from
restaurants, taverns, bars, kiosks, vending
machines, supermarkets, food stalls, food
carts and food trucks now offer food and
beverage services. These are found
everywhere.
8. 2. The Lodging Components
Lodging involves providing overnight
or even long-term services to guests.
For many people, lodging is a place
to sleep. For others, lodging facilities
not only provide beds but also
entertainment and recreational
facilities. Hence the lodging industry
component has begun to
accommodate several customer
preferences – from budget motels to
luxury hotels and expensive resorts.
Lodging facilities such us inns, motor
hotels, lodges. There lodging
establishments that use different
terms such as bed and breakfast,
resort hotel, resort condominium,
conference center and time-sharing.
In other countries, there are lodging
establishments such as paradors
pensione, chateau, ryokan.
9. 3. Recreation and
Entertainment
Components
Entertainment originated from the
traditional duties of a host to entertain
his or guests. Whether they are neighbors
or travelers from other places. The host
has always felt an obligation to attend to
the needs of his or her guests not only
for food and beverages and lodging, but
also for entertainment. Nowadays, the
concept of entertaining guests is broader.
Guests are offered different kind of
entertainment and recreational activities
such as golf, tennis, hiking, boating,
swimming, handball, casino gambling,
and concerts.
10. 4. Travel and Tourism
Components
Travel and Tourism are used
together as an umbrella term
refers to those businesses that
provide primary services to
travelers. These may include
not only food and beverage
services, recreation and
entertainment services, but
also transportation services,
and the services of travel
agencies and tour operators.
11. 5. Transportation
The main purpose of
transportation is to make it
possible for people to go
from one place to another.
There are many ways to do
this, from the primitive and
simple to the modern and
complex. The common
means of transportation
are automobiles,
recreational vehicles (RVs),
buses, trains, ships, and
airlines.
12. 6. Travel Agencies
and Tour Operators
Travel agencies and tour
operators are modern
addition to the travel
and tourism world. Both
have become important
in the survival of many
businesses in the
tourism and hospitality
industry.
13. Travel Agent
one who sells travel services in a travel agency. He
or she sells travel services that are assembled by
others into packages. In the travel business, a
package is a bundle of related travel services
offered to a buyer at a single price.
14. Tour Operators
are wholesalers who
make the necessary
contacts with hotels,
airlines, and other
providers of travel
services and devise
packages which will
appeal to retail buyers.
16. Professors Hunziker and Krapf of Berne
University, Switzerland
define tourism as the “sum of the phenomena and relationship arising from
the travel and stay of nonresidents, insofar as they do not lead to permanent
residence and are not connected to any earning activity.” This definition
distinguishes tourism from migration, which involves taking up permanent
residence. Since it necessarily both travel and stay, it excludes day tours.
17. Tourism in the pure sense is
essentially pleasure activity in
which money earned in one’s
abode is spent in paces visited. In
this sense, tourism represents a
particular form of leisure and a
particular form of recreation but
does not include all uses of leisure
and all forms of recreation. It
includes much travel, but not all
forms of travel. Tourism therefore,
is distinguished from the concepts
of leisure and recreation on one
hand, and from travel and
migration on the other hand.
18. Definition of Hospitality
• The definition of Hospitality is derived
from the Latin word “hospitare”, which
means to receive as a guest. This phrase
implies that a host is prepared to meet
a guest’s requirements while the guest
is away from home. The of a guest in
these circumstances are food,
beverages, lodging, or shelter.
• Several related words come from Latin
root, including hospital, hospice and
hostel. In each of these words, the
principal meaning is a host who
receives , welcomes, and caters to the
needs of people who are temporarily
away from their homes.
19. Meaning of
Tourist
• In 1937, the League of Nations
defines “tourist’ as follows: “A tourist is
a person who visits a country other
than in which he or she usually resides
for a period of at least 24 hours.” This
was held to include persons travelling
for pleasure, domestic reasons or
health, person travelling to meetings
or on business, and persons visiting a
country on a cruise vessel even if for
less than 24 hours.
20. • In 1963, a United
Nations Conference
on International
Travel and Tourism
recommended a new
definition of a
“visitor” as “any
person visiting a
country other than
that of earning
money.” This
definition covers two
classes of visitors:
21. 1. Tourists
Temporary visitors
stayings at least 24
hours, whose purpose
could be classified as
leisure, such as
recreation, holiday
health, study, religion,
or sport, business,
family, mission and
meeting.
22. 2. Excursionists
• Temporary visitors
staying less than 24 hours
in the destination visited
and not making an
overnight stay, including
cruise travelers, but
excluding travelers in
transit.
24. 1. In tourism and hospitality, the product is not brought to the consumer; rather the
consumer has to travel and go to the
product to purchase it. In other industries, an item manufactured in a factory is brought to
the wholesaler and retailer and ultimately to the consumer.
2. The products of tourism and hospitality are not used up; thus they do not exhaust the
country’s resources. The products of other industries have a limited life and at the end of
it are either junked or replaced with new ones.
3. Tourism and hospitality industry is a labor-intensive industry. It requires more
manpower than other industries.
4. Tourism and hospitality is a people-oriented. It is primarily concerned with people. One
of the most important motivations of tourists is to meet other people and see how other
people live
25. 5. Tourism and hospitality is a
multidimensional phenomenon. It is
dependent on many and varied activities
which are separated but interdependent.
6. The tourism and hospitality industry is
seasonal. During vacation seasons, millions of
tourists travel, which result in increased
revenues for several tourism agencies; but
when vacations are over, these companies
experience a big decline in revenues.
7. The industry is dynamic. It is characterized
by the changing ideas and attitudes of its
customers and therefore must be always
prepared and willing to adjust to these
changes.
27. 1. Contribution to the
balance of payments.
• Tourism and Hospitality
can help correct the
balance of payments and
deficits of many countries
by earning the much-
needed foreign currency
in international trade.
28. 2. Dispersion of
development. • International
tourism and
hospitality is best
means to spread
wealth among
countries; thus,
bridging the
economic gap
between the rich
and the poor
nations.
29. 3. Effect on general
economic development
• Expenditures by tourist can
have beneficial effect on all
economic sector and can
lead to the development of
different industries and
other economic activities.
30. 4. Employment opportunities
• Tourism and Hospitality is a
source of employment. It is a
service industry, which could
have a significant effect on those
countries with surplus labor such
as the Philippines. For countries
where there is a high rate of
unemployment and
underemployment, tourism and
hospitality can provide a ready
solution.
31. 5. Social benefits
• Social exchange takes place
when tourist come in
contact with the
inhabitants of the places
they visit. Their social
background and their
presence affect the social
structure and way of life of
the local residents. In the
same ways, tourists are also
affected by the experience
so they often carry them
new habits and a new
outlook on life when they
return home.
33. 7. Educational
significance
• Tourism and Hospitality
enhances one’s
education. International
conferences and
seminars and study trips
held each year enable
people of all nations to
exchange ideas, propose
solution to problems and
share their concerns
34. 8. A vital force for
peace
• A properly designed
and developed tourism
and hospitality can
help bridge that
psychological and
cultural distances that
separate people of
different races, colors,
religions, and stages of
social and economic
development.
37. Environment at
Destination
• Tourism is in its best form when the
destination boasts of conducive
climate. In contrast, any undesired
changes in the environment such as
high winds, flash floods, drought, and
extreme climate can affect tourism
adversely.
38. Economy of
the Country
• When a country is undergoing
economic turbulence and when
people are facing
unemployment issues, tourism
is affected adversely. On the
contrary, when a country’s
economy is doing well and
people can afford to spend
money on leisure, tourism
progresses.
39. Historical or Cultural
Importance of Destination
• The place or destination of travel
affects the tourism business to a
great extent. If the destination is
of great historical or cultural
significance then tourists will
certainly like to visit the place for
seeing monuments, castles, forts,
ancient architecture, sculptures,
caves, antic paintings and
utensils, clothes, weapons,
ornaments, and other allied
heritage.
40. Research
Importance of
Destination
• There are tourists who visit
places with the objective of
studies and exploration. Need
for research promotes
tourism. Archeologists,
Geologists, Oceanographers,
Biologists and Zoologists,
Architects, and People
researching Arts and Cultures
seek places that have great
significance in the field of
research.
