The document discusses the evolution of transportation and travel over seven eras from pre-industrial to post-mobility. It covers the historical development of various modes of transport like camel, chariot, steam locomotive and their increasing speeds. The roles of different transport systems like rail, ship and their impact on tourism are explained. Factors influencing selection of transport mode and growth of automobile, airline industries are also summarized.
Tourism and Transportation are inextricably linked. As world tourism increases, additional demands will be placed on the transportation sectors.
Source: C. Goeldner, Z. Cruz
Message me if you want to have a copy of this presentation. Thanks.
Tourism and Transportation are inextricably linked. As world tourism increases, additional demands will be placed on the transportation sectors.
Source: C. Goeldner, Z. Cruz
Message me if you want to have a copy of this presentation. Thanks.
This presentation covers (1) Social impact of tourism; (2) Effects of globalization on tourism development; (3) Sex tourism and exploitation of women; and (4) Trends and issues shaping tourism and hospitality development.
Defined and Specified,
Forms of tourism,
Types of tourism,
Tourist product,
tourist destination,
the characteristics of tourism and the importance of tourism. PLUS ! class activity.
Differentiate the difference among direct, indirect, induced, and dynamic impacts of tourism on the economy;Identify the positive and negative impacts of tourism on the economy.
This chapter tackles about the historical milestones of the tourism industry. It also discusses the important historical events in the development of tourism in the Philippines.
It discusses the different variables in the tourism and hospitality. It contains the characteristics of tourism, the factors affecting a destination, and its significant importance to the global industry.
This exciting Travel venture has been started by Siddharth Kundu, an MBA graduate from The Asian Institute of Management, Manila. After having spent close to sixteen months in paradise (read-The Philippines), he realized that there were umpteen stunning and exotic locations just waiting to be discovered! During one of his travels, Siddharth wanted to showcase these beautiful and untouched places to the world and decided to start right here at home- by encouraging Indians to make the trip of a lifetime to The Philippines and likewise bring Filipinos to this magical world called India! So with the support of the Indian Tourism Department and Department of Tourism, Philippines, he intends to promote a novel concept called ‘Bilateral Tourism’. In his own words Siddharth describes the experience as “Incredible India having More Fun in The Philippines.”Luho means “LUXURY" in Tagalog, "BHRAMAN" means travel in Sanskrit. This one line defines us and we will strive to provide the best Luxury Experience for you and your loved ones, be it in The Philippines while you are out having “more Fun’ than usual or be it in this “incredible” country called India.
We unlike the other travel consultants & agents have not chosen to serve you the whole world but only India & Philippines in the most luxurious way because no one knows these two countries better than us.
We intend to customize your trip to provide Luxury at every step of the way. Be it lazing around the sun kissed beaches in El-Nido, or trekking through the delicious ‘Chocolate Hills’, we promise to never let Luxury leave your side for a single minute. In India, our vast network will ensure that you are never without the best while holidaying in the lap of the mighty Himalayas or riding across the stunning deserts of Rajasthan to the historic forts and palaces.
Come and experience Luxury, like it’s never been experienced before.Welcome to LuhoBrahman!
This presentation covers (1) Social impact of tourism; (2) Effects of globalization on tourism development; (3) Sex tourism and exploitation of women; and (4) Trends and issues shaping tourism and hospitality development.
Defined and Specified,
Forms of tourism,
Types of tourism,
Tourist product,
tourist destination,
the characteristics of tourism and the importance of tourism. PLUS ! class activity.
Differentiate the difference among direct, indirect, induced, and dynamic impacts of tourism on the economy;Identify the positive and negative impacts of tourism on the economy.
This chapter tackles about the historical milestones of the tourism industry. It also discusses the important historical events in the development of tourism in the Philippines.
It discusses the different variables in the tourism and hospitality. It contains the characteristics of tourism, the factors affecting a destination, and its significant importance to the global industry.
This exciting Travel venture has been started by Siddharth Kundu, an MBA graduate from The Asian Institute of Management, Manila. After having spent close to sixteen months in paradise (read-The Philippines), he realized that there were umpteen stunning and exotic locations just waiting to be discovered! During one of his travels, Siddharth wanted to showcase these beautiful and untouched places to the world and decided to start right here at home- by encouraging Indians to make the trip of a lifetime to The Philippines and likewise bring Filipinos to this magical world called India! So with the support of the Indian Tourism Department and Department of Tourism, Philippines, he intends to promote a novel concept called ‘Bilateral Tourism’. In his own words Siddharth describes the experience as “Incredible India having More Fun in The Philippines.”Luho means “LUXURY" in Tagalog, "BHRAMAN" means travel in Sanskrit. This one line defines us and we will strive to provide the best Luxury Experience for you and your loved ones, be it in The Philippines while you are out having “more Fun’ than usual or be it in this “incredible” country called India.
We unlike the other travel consultants & agents have not chosen to serve you the whole world but only India & Philippines in the most luxurious way because no one knows these two countries better than us.
We intend to customize your trip to provide Luxury at every step of the way. Be it lazing around the sun kissed beaches in El-Nido, or trekking through the delicious ‘Chocolate Hills’, we promise to never let Luxury leave your side for a single minute. In India, our vast network will ensure that you are never without the best while holidaying in the lap of the mighty Himalayas or riding across the stunning deserts of Rajasthan to the historic forts and palaces.
Come and experience Luxury, like it’s never been experienced before.Welcome to LuhoBrahman!
Economic environmental and social aspects of Cruise Tourism by Mr. Harun Sişm...ASCAME
Presentation about: Economic environmental and social aspects of Cruise Tourism and facts of Turkish cruise sector.
The Mediterranean Ports Summit is organised by the Association of Mediterranean Chambers of Commerce and Industry (ASCAME), the Consorci de la Zona Franca de Barcelona with the collaboration of Barcelona Chamber in the framework of SIL2015.
The Mediterranean Port Summit 2015 is the largest annual Ports and Shipping conferences throughout Europe, the Middle East and Africa. This event in Barcelona is the gathering of maritime industry leaders. The program features many top industry professionals sharing their perspectives on port investments and terminal developments around the region, providing invaluable insights into the numerous opportunities in this sector of Commerce.
The Mediterranean Ports and Shipping Summit focused on key concepts such as institutional and fiscal reforms; the construction, extension and modernization of port platforms; the search for management and collaboration systems; the promotion of alliances to strengthen the position of world leadership; Mediterranean Ports a Gateway to Europe, Asia and Africa; the Port, City and Cruise Tourism, as well as the response of Mediterranean ports to the challenges brought by 800 million people.
Transport is the act of moving, carrying and conveying items and people from one place to another. Communication on the other hand refers to the process of transferring information between individuals, groups and places. Transport and communications facilities enable people to interact by travelling, moving commodities and spreading information.
Its running cost is among the diverse vital aspects you must consider before buying an electric scooter. Calculate the cost of getting e-scooter charge for your regular usage to calculate its economic efficiency, similar to people who investigate the mileage of petrol or diesel-driven scooters.
London Country Tours, the foremost travel partner offers customized Stonehenge tours from London coming with private tour guides and direct access to the inner circles. Visit: https://www.londoncountrytours.co.uk/tour/tours-to-stonehenge-oxford/
The Cherry Blossom season in Hunza begins in the second week of March and lasts until the end of April, varying with altitude. During this enchanting period, tourists from around the world flock to Hunza Valley to witness its transformation into a vibrant tapestry of white, pink, and green. The valley comes alive with cherry blossoms, creating a picturesque and mesmerizing landscape that captivates visitors.
About the Company:
The Cherry Blossom season in Hunza starts in the second week of March and extends until the end of April, depending on the altitude. During this enchanting period, tourists from around the globe travel to Hunza Valley to witness its transformation into a vibrant tapestry of white, pink, and green. The valley comes alive with cherry blossoms, creating a picturesque and mesmerizing landscape that captivates all who visit. For the best experience, join Hunza Adventure Tours, the top tour company in Pakistan, and immerse yourself in this breathtaking seasonal spectacle.
Discover Palmer, Puerto Rico, through an immersive cultural tour that unveils its rich history and vibrant traditions. Experience lively festivals, savor authentic cuisine, and explore local markets. Visit historical landmarks, museums, and stunning colonial architecture. Engage with friendly locals, enjoy live music, and hike scenic nature trails, all while participating in cultural workshops and discovering unique artisan crafts.
MC INTERNATIONALS | TRAVEL COMPANY IN JHANGAshBhatt4
Experience the world with MC Internationals travel and tourism. From foreign getways to cultural concentration, we tailor unforgettable journeys for every traveler. Let us turn your dream into reality and create lasting memories. Explore with us today. #TRAVEL,COMPANY #BEST,TRAVEL,COMPANY #VISIT,VISA #EMPLOYMENT,VISA #STUDY,VISA #HAJJ,AND,UMRAH
4 DAYS MASAI MARA WILDEBEEST MIGRATION SAFARI TOUR PACKAGE KENYABush Troop Safari
Join our 4-day Masai Mara Wildebeest Migration Safari in Kenya. Witness the incredible wildebeest migration, enjoy exciting game drives, and stay in comfortable lodges. Get up close and personal with one of nature's most amazing exhibits! Book Your Safari Today at - https://bushtroop-safaris.com/
Antarctica- Icy wilderness of extremes and wondertahreemzahra82
In this presentation, we delve into the captivating realm of Antarctica, Earth's southernmost continent. This icy wilderness stands as a testament to extremes, with record-breaking cold temperatures and vast expanses of pristine ice. Antarctica's landscape is dominated by towering glaciers, colossal icebergs, and expansive ice shelves. Yet, amidst this frozen expanse, a rich tapestry of unique wildlife thrives, including penguins, seals, and seabirds, all finely attuned to survive in this harsh environment. Beyond its natural wonders, Antarctica also serves as a vital hub for scientific exploration, providing invaluable insights into climate change and the Earth's history
TRAVEL TO MT. RWENZORI NATIONAL PARK WITH NILE ABENTEUER SAFARIS.docxnileabenteuersafaris
Let’s explore the captivating Rwenzori Mountains National Park in Uganda with Nile Abenteuer Safaris. This UNESCO World Heritage Site, also known as the “Mountains of the Moon,” offers unparalleled beauty and diverse ecosystems. 🌿🏔️
Key Features of Rwenzori Mountains National Park:
Majestic Peaks:
Mount Rwenzori, Africa’s third-highest peak, dominates the landscape. Its snow-capped summits and glacier-draped slopes provide a challenging yet rewarding adventure for trekkers and climbers.
Ascending these peaks allows you to witness breathtaking vistas and experience the thrill of high-altitude trekking.
Biodiversity:
Explore the park’s rich biodiversity, which includes montane forests, alpine meadows, and towering cliffs.
Encounter rare and endemic species such as the Rwenzori turaco, Rwenzori red duiker, and Rwenzori three-horned chameleon.
Trekking Trails:
Embark on immersive trekking experiences along a network of trails. Choose from leisurely walks to multi-day expeditions.
Traverse verdant valleys, moss-draped forests, and marvel at cascading waterfalls as you ascend toward the summit.
Cultural Heritage:
Engage with local communities of the Bakonjo and Bamba people. Gain insight into their traditional way of life and cultural practices.
Discover the rich history and folklore surrounding the Rwenzori Mountains.
Planning Your Visit:
Trekking and Climbing:
Select from various trekking routes tailored to different skill levels and durations.
Experienced guides and porters ensure a safe and enjoyable journey to the summit.
Wildlife Viewing:
Embark on guided nature walks to spot diverse wildlife, including primates, birds, and endemic plant species.
Keep an eye out for the Rwenzori hyrax, blue monkeys, and various bird species.
Accommodation:
Rest and rejuvenate in comfortable lodges, campsites, and guesthouses within and around the park.
Experience warm hospitality amidst the tranquility of nature.
Conservation:
Support conservation efforts by adhering to park regulations and practicing responsible tourism.
Your visit contributes to preserving this pristine wilderness for future generations.
Embark on an Unforgettable Adventure:
Whether you seek the thrill of summiting Africa’s legendary peaks or the serenity of exploring remote landscapes, Mount Rwenzori promises an unforgettable journey into the heart of nature’s majesty. Start planning your expedition today and unlock the secrets of this captivating natural wonder!
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How To Change Name On Volaris Ticket.pdfnamechange763
How to change name on Volaris ticket? This is one of the most common questions asked by travelers flying with Volaris Airlines. The mentioned details can help you with your name rectification on the airline ticket. If you are still facing difficulties call the consolidation desk at +1-800-865-1848.
Exploring Montreal's Artistic Heritage Top Art Galleries and Museums to VisitSpade & Palacio Tours
Montreal boasts a vibrant artistic heritage, showcased in its top art galleries and museums. From the expansive collections at the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts to the cutting-edge exhibits at the Musée d'art contemporain, discover the city's rich cultural landscape. Experience dynamic street art, indigenous works, and contemporary pieces, reflecting Montreal's diverse and innovative art scene.
Discover the wonders of the Wenatchee River with a variety of river tours in Monitor, WA. Whether you're seeking thrilling whitewater rafting, peaceful kayaking, family-friendly float trips, or scenic sunset cruises, there's something for everyone. Enjoy fishing, wildlife spotting, bird watching, and more in this beautiful natural setting, perfect for outdoor enthusiasts and families alike.
During the coldest months, Italy transforms into a winter wonderland, providing visitors with a very unique experience. From the Settimana Bianca ski event to the lively Carnevale celebrations, Italy's winter festivities provide something for everyone. Enjoy hot cocoa, eat hearty comfort foods, and buy during winter deals. Explore the country's rich cultural past by participating in Settimana Bianca, and Carnevale, sipping hot chocolate, shopping during winter deals, and indulging in winter comfort foods. Visit our website https://timeforsicily.com/ for more information.
2. LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
TRACE THE EVOLUTION OFTRANSPORTATION AND
TRAVEL.
DISCUSS THE HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF
TRANSPORT SYSTEMS.
EXPLAIN THE SELECTION OF TRANSPORT MODE.
DISCUSS THE ROLE OF INTERNATIONAL RAIL
TRANSPORTATION.
IDENTIFY THE REASONS FOR THE GROWTH AND
DECLINE OF SHIP TRAVEL.
EXPLAIN THE IMPORTANCE AND SCOPE OF THE
BUS/MOTORCOACH INDUSTRY.
ILLUSTRATE THE IMPACT OF PRIVATE CAR
OWNERSHIPON THE TOURISM INDUSTRY.
3. ENUMERATE THE DYNAMICS OF THE WORLWIDE
CAR INDUSTRY.
DISCUSS THE ROLE OF THE AIRLINE INDUSTRY IN
THE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM.
5. >PRE-INDUSTIAL TRAVEL SYSTEM ERA.
>EARLY-INDUSTRIAL TRAVEL SYSTEM
ERA.
>MATURE-RAILWAY SYSTEM ERA.
>EXPRESS-TRAVEL SYSTEM ERA.
>AUTOMOBILE-BASED TRAVEL SYSTEM
ERA.
>MODERN-TOURISM TRAVEL SYSTEM
ERA.
>POST-MOBILITY ADJUSTMENT ERA.
16. SELECTION OF TRANSPORTATION MODE
THERE ARE MANY REASON’S WHY PEOPLE
SELECT ONE TRANSPORTATION MODE OVER
ANOTHER FOR THEIR BUSINESS AND
PLEASURE TRIPS. THE MOST COMMON
REASON ARE COST, TRAVELLING TIME,
SAFETY, CONVINIENCE, COMFORT,
AVAILABILTY, FREQUENCY OF TRIPS, GROUND
SERVICES, TERMINAL FACILITIES AND
LOCATION, STATUS AND PRESTIGE AND
DEPARTURE AND ARRIVAL TIMES.
17. TRAVEL BY TRAIN
TRAINS STIMULATED TRAVEL WITHIN THE UNITED
STATES, CANADA, AND EUROPE IN 19TH AND 20TH
CENTURIES. BRITAIN HAVE ITS FIRST ORGANIZED
TRAIN TOUR IN 1841 WHEN THOMAS COOK
ORGANIZED AN EXCURSION BETWEEN LEICESTER
AND LOUGHBOROUGH. IN 1851, THREE MILLION
ENGLISH MAN BOARDED THE TRAIN TO SEE THE
GREAT EXHIBITION IN LONDON. THE TRAIN WAS
INSTRUMENTAL IN STIMULATING THE
DEVELOPMENT OF MANY SEASIDE RESORTS IN
BRITAIN.
18. THE FIRST TRANSCONTINENTAL
ROUTE IN THE UNITED STATES WAS
COMPLITED IN 1869. WITH THE
ADVENT OF THE STEAM LOCOMOTIVE
IN 1825 UNTIL AFTER WORL WAR II,
TRAVEL BY TRAIN BECAME THE
PRIMARY MEANS OF MOVEMENT
WITHIN THE UNITED STATES. DURING
THE LATTER PART OF THE 1800s, AND
THE FIRST PART OF THE 1900s, THE
TRAIN CONNECTED MAJOR
POPULATION
CENTERS AND POPULAR SPAS AND RESORT SUCH AS NIAGARA
FALLS, LONG BEACH, SARATOGA, NEW JERSEY, AND LAS VEGAS.
THIS DEPENDENCE ON THE TRAIN IS SHOWN IN THE
DEVELOPMENT OF LAS VEGAS WHERE LARGE HOTELS WERE
LOCATED DOWNTOWN, A SHORT DISTANCE FROM THE RAILROAD
STATION THIS GAVE TOURISTS WHO ARRIVED BY TRAIN QUICK
AND EASY ACCESS TO HOTELS AND CASINOS
19. A SURVEY FROM AMTRAK
PASSENGERS SHOWED THAT
TRAVELLERS FAVORED THE TRAIN
FOR THE FOLLOWING REASONS:
1.) SAFETY, 2.)ABILITY TO LOOK
OUT OF THE TRAIN AND SEE THE
INTERESTING THINGS ENROUTE,
3.) ABILITY TO GET UP AND WALK
AROUND, 4.) ARRIVING AT THE
DESTINATION RESTED AND
RELAXED, AND 5.) PERSONAL
COMFORT.
THE NEGATIVE FACTORS OF RAIL TRAVEL ARE SLOWNESS IN
REACHING THE DESTINATION, INFLEXIBLE DEPARTURE TIMES, AND
LACK OF QUALITY IN FOOD SERVICES PROMOTIONS BY AMTRAK
AND VIA REAL HAVE EMPHASIZED THE REST AND RELAXATION
BENEFITS OF TAKING THE TRAIN. THEY HAVE ALSO POINTED OUT
THAT THE DOWNTOWN-TO-DOWNTOWN ROUTING OF TRAINS
SAVES THE TIME OF THE PASSENGERS.
20. ALTHOUGH THE IMPORTANCE OF RAIL
TRAVEL WAS REDUCE DUE TO THE
POPULARITY OF THE AUTOMOBILE AND
AIRPLANE IN MANY COUNTRIES,
RAILROADS ARE WORKING HARD TO
IMPROVED THEIR FACILITIES TO
ACCOMMODATE SUPER TRAINS WITH
SPEEDS BETWEEN 150-250 MILES PER
HOUR. THE FIRST SENSATIONAL RAIL
ACCOMPLISHMENT AFTER WORLD WAR
II WAS JAPAN’S SHINKANSEN OR
BULOLET TRAINS WHICH TRAVEL AT
SPEEDS GREATER THAN 140 MILES PER
HOUR.
THE BULLET TRAINS RUN NORTH AND SOUTH AND LINK MAJOR
METROPOLITAN AREAS. THESE BEGAN OPERATIONS IN 1964 IN
TIME FOR THE OLYMPICS IN JAPAN THEY MAKE THE RUN OF 550
MILES IN THREE HOURS AND TEN MINUTES FROM THE FORMER
TIME OF 18 HOUR.
21. THEY PROVIDE A RIDE SO SMOOTH THAT A PASSENGER CAN
LIVE A CUP OF TEA/COFFEE ON A WINDOW SILL AND NOT A
DROP WILL SPILL. A COMPUTERIZED CONTROL CENTER FEEDS
INFORMATION TO A LIGHTED BOARD THAT SHOWS THE
LOCATION OF EVERY TRAIN AND THE CONDITIONS OF THE
TRACK, SWITCHES, AND WIRES. STATION STOPS ARE AS SHORT
AS 2 MINUTES AT INTERMEDIATE STATIONS, SO TRAVELERS
MUST BE READY TO MOVE FAST. THE COMPUTER
AUTOMATICALLY STOPS THE TRAIN IN CASES OF TROUBLE,
ESPECIALLY AN EARTHQUAKE.
AT THE PRESENT TIME, JAPAN HAS THE BEST RAILROAD SYSTEM
IN THE WORLD, WITH 26,000 FAST AND EFFICIENT TRAINS
SCHEDULE A DAY. JAPAN HAS PLANS FOR TRAIN SWTICH TRAVEL
AT SPEEDS OF 300 MILES PER HOUR. THE JAPANESE RAIL
SYSTEM IS HEAVILY SUBSIDIZED BY THE GOVERNMENT.
22. FRANCE HAS ITS OWN SUPER TRAIN, THE TRES GRAND
VITESSE WHICH TRAVELS AT A SPEED OF 175 MILES PER
HOUR BETWEEN PARIS AND LYONS AND PARIS AND
MARSEILLES.
IN RUSSIA, THE TRANS-SIBERIAN RAILROAD, THE LONGEST
IN THE WORLD(5,787 MILES) LINKS OUTLYING SIBERIAN
INDUSTRIAL REGIONS AND MINING CENTERS WITH
EUROPEAN-RUSSIA RAILROADS ARE IMPORTANT TO THE
RUSSIAN ECONOMY. THE GERMANS HAVE A TEST TRACK
DESIGNED TO CARRY PASSENGERS AT A SPEED OF 130-240
MILES.
23. TRES GRANDE VITESSE
THE POPULARITY OF THE TRAIN SYSTEM IN EUROPE
HAS INCREASED NOT ONLY BECAUSE OF THEIR
QUALITY AND EFFICIENCY, BUT BECAUSE OF THE USE
OF THE EURAILPASS. IN 1939 IN NUMBER OF EUROPEAN
COUNTRIES INTRODUCED THE EURAILPASS WHICH
ALLOWED A TRAVELER TO USE IT FOR 2 MONTHS OF
UNLIMITED SECOND-CLASS TRAVEL ON ANY OF THE
RAIL SYSTEMS OF THESE COUNTRIES.
LATER, IT INCLUDED UNLIMITED FIRST-CLASS SERVICE OVER
DIFFERENT PERIODS VARYING FROM 15 DAYS, TWENTY-ONE
DAY, ONE MONTH, THREE MONTHS, WITH ACCESS TO MANY
FERRY AND STREAMER ROOTS THEY ALSO INTRODUCED THE
STUDENT EURAILPASS FOR SECOND CLASS TRAVEL. IT LESS
EXPENSIVE THAN THE EURAILPASS AND IS GOOD ONLY IN 16TH
CENTURIES.
24. TRAVEL BY SHIP
TRAVEL BY SHIP PRECEEDED TRAVEL BY
TRAIN BUT IT WAS NOT ONLY UNTIL THE
MIDDLE OF THE 19TH CENTURY THAT TRAVEL
BY OCEAN LINERS BEGAN TO BECOME
PERMANENTS. OCEAN LINERS USED TO
PROVIDE AN IMPORTANT LINK TO
PASSENGERS BETWEEN CONTINENTS. AT
PRESENT, WATER TRANSPORT HAS TWO
MAJOR ROLES IN TRAVEL AND TOURISM-
FERRYING AND CRUISING.
25. CRUISES ARE MORE OF A VACATION
EXPERINCE THAN A TRANSPORTATION MODE.
THE ROMANCE OF CRUISING HAD BEEN
STRONGLY PROMOTED AND WAS AIDED VERY
MUCH BY THE POPULAR TELEVISION
PROGRAM, LOVE BOAT . CRUISES ARE
DIVIDED INTO THREE TYPES DEPENDING ON
THE DURATION OF THE TRIPS. SHORT
CRUISES ARE ONE WEEK OR LESS.
INTERMEDIATE-LONG CRUISES LAST ONE TO
FOUR WEEKS AND LONG CRUISES GO
AROUND THE WORLD AND TAKE ONE TO
THREE MONTHS.
26. CRUISE SHIP
o SHORT DURATIN CRUISES ARE MORE
POPULAR BECAUSE THEIR REQUIRE
LESS VACATION TIME AND ARE LESS
EXPENSIVE. OTHER REASONS ARE
TRAVELERS CAN SATISFY THEIR
DESIRE TO EXPERINCE NEW
ENVIRONMENTS AND SEE NEW
CULTURES AND STILL BRING WITH
THEM THE COMFORT, SAFETY AND
CONVINIENCE OF HOME. IN ADDITION
THERE IS NO CHANGING OF HOTELS,
AIRPORTS, FOOD AND BEDS, WHICH
MAY CAUSE SLEEPLESSNESS AND
OTHER PROBLEMS.
27. CRUISE SHIP MAYBE DIVIDED INTO
LARGE VESSELS WHICH CAN
ACCOMMODATE 180 OR MORE
PASSENGERS AND SMALL VESSELS
WHICH CARRY LESS THAN 100
PASSENGERS. THEY ARE CALLED
MINI-CRUISES OR ULTRA-YACHTS. AT
PRESENT, THE TREND IS TOWARDS
LARGE VESSELS. RECENTLY, THE
TYPICAL SHIP WAS BUILT TO CARRY
850 TO 1,250 PASSENGERS BUT NOW
THE AVERAGES CAPACITY OF A NEW
SHIP IS 2,000 PASSENGERS.
THE LARGE CRUISE SHIPS OFFER A WIDE ARRAY OF SERVICES
AND AMENITIES TO GUEST, MOST OF WHICH ARE PACKAGED
INTO THE CRUISE. ACCOMODATIONS ONBOARD VARRY FROM
ROOMS FOR 3-4 PERSONS TO LAVISH STATEROOMS. THE ROOMS
ARE AIRCONDITIONED AND PRIVATE BATHS.
28. A CRUISE SHIP IS BOTH FLOATING HOTEL AND RESORT BECAUSE THE
GUESTS ARE HOUSED, FED, AND ENTERTAINED. FOOD IS OFFERED
THROUGHOUT THE DAY FROM SEVEN-COURSE MEALS TO THEMED-EVENT
DINNERS. CRUISE SHIP ALSO PROVIDE ALMOST CONTINUOS
ENTERTAINMENT WHICH INCLUDE CHARM CLASSES, LANGUAGE
LESSONS, DANCE CLASSES, BRIDGE, TABLE TENNIS, AEROBICS, JOGGING
AND SHUFFLEBOARD. MANY SHIPS NOW HAVE FULLY-EQUIPPED GYMS,
HEALTH SPAS, AND AN ATHLETIC COUNSELOR. CRUISE DIRECTORS PLAN
ACTIVITIES AND ENTERTAINMENT FOR THE PASSENGERS WHICH MAYBE
FULL-SCALE MUSICAL PRODUCTIONS, LIVE ENTERTAINMENT WITH WELL-
KNOWN PERFORMERS, DISCOS, BINGO, GAMBLING,
COURSES IN SELF-IMPROVEMENT AND
THE LIKE. FOR MANY PASSENGERS, THE
NUMEROUS OPPORTUNITIES TO
SOCIALIZE ON A CRUISE VACATION IS
ONE OF ITS MAJOR ATTRACTIONS
PASSENGERS WHO PREFFER A LESS
ACTIVE TYPE OF VACATION CAN RELAX
BY THE POOL OR ONDECK AND ENJOY
THE WARM CLIMATE AND BEAUTIFUL
SUNSETS.
29. • CRUISE ENTHUSIASTS PREFER THIS TYPE OF
VACATION BECAUSE IT COMBINES FRESH AIR,
PLENTY OF GOOD FOOD, A VARIETY OF ACTIVITIES
AND VISITS TO EXOTIC PLACES
CRUISES ARE PROMOTED AND SOLD ON THE BASISI ON HEALTH,
RECREATION AND PLEASURE. THEME CRUISES ARE POPULAR
SUCH AS CULINARY CRUISES, HISTORICAL VOYAGES TO LESS
KNOWN PLACES, STOCK MARKET SEMINARS, MOVIE FESTIVALS,
MUSIC FESTIVAL AS WELL AS CRUISES DEVOTED TO ARTS, GOLF,
ASTROLOGY, TENNIS, PHOTOGRAPHY, BEAUTY COUNSELING.
THE CRUISE INDUSTRY IS LARGELY OWNED BY EUROPEAN
COMPANIES WHICH ARE LOCATED IN DENMARK, NORWAY,
HOLLAND, ITALY, GERMANY, GREAT BRITTAIN, AND GREECE.
ALTHOUGH THE CRUISE SHIP INDUSTRY IS NOT A U.S. INDUSTRY
IN TERMS OF OWNER SHIP, SEVERAL UNITED STATES AND
AMERICAN TERRITORY CITIES SERVE AS MAJOR PORTS OF
CRUISE SHIPS.
30. THE TOP PORTS ARE: MIAMI, NEW YORK, SAN JUAN, PORT
EVERGLADES,LOS ANGELES, SAN FRANCISCO, SEATTLE, AND NEW
ORLEANS.
THE CARRIBEAN IS THE WORLDS LARGEST CRUISE DESTINATION.
CRUISE PASSENGERS FOR DESTINATIONS WITHIN THE CARRIBEAN
COMPRISE 50% OF TOTAL VISITOR ARRIVALS.
OTHER MAJOR CRUISE DESTINATIONS INCLUDE THE
MEDITERRANEAN, SCANDIVANIA, ALASKA, AND THE PACIFIC.
CRUISES ARE ANNOUNCE SEVERAL MONTHS BEFORE THE
DEPARTURE AND ARE ALSO SOLD MOSTLY BY TRAVEL AGENTS AS
PACKAGES THE FLY/CRUISE PACKAGE HAS GROWN IN
POPULARITY BECAUSE IT COMBINES THE SPEED AND EFFICIENCY
OF JET TRAVEL WITH THE RELAXING, ROMANTIC ATTRIBUTE OF
CRUISE SHIPS.
31. YOUNGER PEOPLE PREFFER THE 3-7 DAY CRUISES. OLDER PEOPLE TAKE
CRUISES OF 7DAYS OR LESS. THE ELDERLY USUALLY JOIN THE ROUND-THE-
WORLD CRUISE. CRUISE PASSENGERS TEND TO BE REPEAT COSTUMERS.
ONE THEY EXPIRIENCE A CRUISE, THEY BEGIN PLANNING FOR NEXT. LIKE
DESTINATION RESORTS, CRUISE LINES HAVE SUCCESSFULLY THEIR OWN
LOYAL REPEAT CLIENTELES WITH AN AVERAGE OF 30-40% OF TOTAL
PASSENGERS VOLUMES.
ANOTHER ROLE OF THE SHIP TRAVEL IN
TOURISM IS FERRYING OR THE USE OF FERRY
BOATS. THIS ARE USED IN THE ENGLISH
CHANNEL, THE IRISH SEA, THE HEBRIDEAN
ISLANDS OF SCOTLAND, THE NORTH SEA, THE
MARITIME PROVINCES AND BRITISH
COLOMBIAN COAST IN CANADA AND ON THE
GREAT LAKES.
SHORT DURATION SITE SEEING CRUISE SHIP
ATTRACTIONS ARE ABUNDANT IN NORTH
AMERICA THESE CRUISES LAST FOR ONE
DAY OR EVEN AS SHORTER LENGTH OF
TIME
32. TRAVEL BY AUTOMOBILE
THE REAL INVENTOR OF THE AUTOMOBILE
WAS CARL BENZ, OF MANNHEIN, GERMANY.
1885-1886, HE COMBINED THE BICYCLE AND
THE INTERNATIONAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE
AND DESIGNED THE COMPLETE VEHICLE
ENGINE CONSISTING OF THE ENGINE,
CHASSIS AND TRANSMISSION. THEN CAME
HENRY FORD WHO, IN 1908, PRODUCED HIS
MODEL T-CAR BUILT WITH AN ASSEMBLY
TECHNIQUE FOR MASS PRODUCTION.
33. THE PRICE OF THE MODEL T-CAR DECREASE
FROM $825 IN 1908 TO $260 IN 1925 THE
AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY GREW RAPIDLY.
HOWEVER IT WAS ONLY AFTER WORLD WAR II
THAT THE POPULARITY OF THE AUTOMOBILE
INCREASED SIGNIFICANTLY.
THE CAR RENTAL BUSINESS IS A
WORL WIDE INDUSTRY. FOUR
COMPANIES DOMINATE THE U.S.
MARKET WITH 85% MARKET SHARE.
THESE ARE HERTZ, AVIS, BUDGET,
AND NATIONAL. THIS FOUR
COMPANIES ALSO REPRESENT THE
“BIG-4” WITHIN THE INTERNATIONAL
MARKETS
34. SOME CAR RENTAL FIRMS HAVE
ADDED CELLULAR CAR
TELEPHONES FOR BUSINESS
TRAVELLERS. ANOTHER AMENITY
IS GIVING COMPUTERIZED
DRIVING INSTRUCTIONS TO
COSTUMERS. IN ORDER TO OVER
COME LOW PROFITS OR LOSSES,
AUTO RENTAL COMPANIES HAVE
EMPLOYED NUMBER OF
DIFFERENT STRATEGIES SUCH
AS HIGHER PRICES, FLAT-FREE
COMMISIONS FOR TRAVEL
AGENTS AND MILEAGE
LIMITATIONS.
36. BUS TRAVEL IS THE MOST FLEXIBLE
AND ECONOMICAL FORM OF
TRANSPORTATION. IN THE UNITED
ATES. BUSES WERE FIRST USE TO
CARRY PASSENGERS INTERCITY IN
THE EARLY 1900s.
MOTORCOACH TOURS USUALLY LAST
FIVE TO SIX DAYS AND ARE LIMITED TO A
PARTICULAR GEOGRAPHICAL AREA. THE
TWO PRINCIPLE MARKETS FOR CHARTER
AND TOUR SERVICES ARE SCHOOL-AGE
CHILDREN AND SENIOR CITIZENS OTHER
MARKETS INCLUDE INTERNATIONAL
VISITORS. GAMBLING TOURS BY
MOTORCOACH TO THE CASINO CENTERS
OF LAS VEGAS, RENO, AND ATLANTIC CITY
ARE VERY POPULAR.
37. TRAVEL BY AIR
THE AIRPLANE HAD A REVOLUTIONARY
IMPACT ON TOURIST FROM WORLD WAR II
ONWARD, THE HISTORY OF AIR
TRANSPORTATION CAN BE DIVIDED INTO
THREE PARTS.
•PRE-WORLD WAR II
•WORLD WAR II
•POST-WORLD WAR II
ON DECEMCER 17, 1903, THE WRIGHT
BROTHERS TOOK A FLIGHT ON A BEACH
IN NORTH CALORINA WHICH LASTED 12
SECOND WITH A DISTANCE OF 120 FEET.
IN 1927, THE AIR INDUSTRY DEVELOPED
REGULARLY-SCHEDULED PASSENGER
TRIPS BETWEEN BOSTON AND NEW
YORK. OTHER GOVERNMENTS HELP
THIS GROUP IN THE 1920s BY
SUDSIDIZING AIR COMPANIES.
38. AS THE AIRLINE INDUSTRY GREW, THE MORE THE TRAVEL
INDUSTRY DEPENDED ON IT. CRUISE LINES, RENTAL CAR
COMPANIES, AIRPORT HOTELS, AND GROUND
TRANSPORTATION OPERATORS DEPENDED ON THE
AIRLINE INDUSTRY TO GENERATE THE BULK OF THE
BUSINESS. NUSINESS TRAVEL AND INTERNATIONAL
TOURISM ARE DEPENDENT ON IT. THE IMPETUS OF AIR
TRAVEL TO PEOPLE TRAVELING ON BUSINESS IS ITS TIME
SAVING ADVANTAGE: FOR THE PLEASURE TRAVELLER, IS
IT THE AFFORDABLE PRICE THAT HAS THE GREATEST
IMPACT.
39. FIRST FREEDOM: THE RIGHT OF AN AIRLINE TO OVERFLY ONE COUNTY TO
GET TO ANOTHER.
SECOND FREEDOM: THE RIGHT OF AN AIRLINE TO LAND IN ANOTHER
COUNTY FOR A TECHNICAL STOP OVER(FUEL, MAINTENACE, ETC.)BUT
DOES NOT PICK UP OR DROP OFF TRAFFIC.
THIRD FREEDOM: THE RIGHT OF AN AIRLINE, REGISTERED IN COUNTRY X,
TO DROP OFF TRAFFIC FROM COUNTRY X TO COUNTRY Y.
FOURTH FREEDOM: THE RIGHT OF AN AIRLINE, REGISTERED IN COUNTRY
X, TO CARRY TRAFFIC BACK TO COUNTRY X FROM COUNTRY Y.
FIFTH FREEDOM: THE RIGHT OF AN AIRLINE, REGISTERED IN COUNTRY X,
TO COLLECT TRAFFIC IN COUNTRY Y AND FLY ON TWO COUNTRY Z, SO
LONG AS THE FLIGHT EITHER ORIGINATES OR TERMINATES IN COUNTRY X.
SIX FREEDOM: THE RIGHT OF AN AIRLINE, REGISTERED IN COUNTRY X TO
CARRY TRAFFIC TO A GATEWAY-APPOINT IN COUNTRY X-AND THEN
ABROAD. THE TRAFFIC HAS NEITHER ITS ORIGIN NOR ULTIMATE IN
COUNTRY X.
SEVEN FREEDOM: THE RIGHT OF AN AIRLINE, REGISTERED IN COUNTRY X,
TO OPERATE ENTIRELY OUTSIDE OF COUNTRY X I CARRYING TRAFFIC
BETWEEN TWO OTHER COUNTRIES.
EIGHT FREEDOM: THE RIGHT OF AN AIRLINE, REGISTERED IN COUNTRY X,
TO CARRY TRAFFIC BETWEEN ANY TWO POINT IN THE SAME FOREIGN
COUNTRY: ALSO KNOWN AS CABOTAGE.
AIRLINE REGULATION
40. AIRLINE DEREGULATION
IN 1978, THE U.S. CONGRESS PASSED THE AIRLINE
DEREGULATION ACT OF 1978 WHICH PROVIDED FOR
THE GRADUAL PHASING-OUT OF THE CIVIL
AERONAUTICS BOARD(CAB) AND REMOVED MANY
OF THE REGULATIONS GOVERNING AIR CARRIER
ROUTES AND FARES. BEFORE 1978, THE CAB SET
AIRLINE FARES ACCORDING TO ROUTE DISTANCES
AND THE INDUSTRY’S AVERAGE . BY THE END OF
1982, ALL OFFICIAL CONTROLS AND DOMESTIC U.S.
AIR FARES WERE ABANDONED. TODAY, NO AIRLINE
HAS EXCLUSIVE RIGHT TO ANY MARKET IN THE
UNITED STATES.