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Classification of Tourists
This document discusses two classification systems for categorizing tourists - Cohen's classification and Plog's classification. Cohen's classification divides tourists into four categories based on their level of independence and routine: organized mass tourist, individual mass tourist, explorer, and drifter. Plog's classification categorizes tourists based on their personality and desire for new experiences versus security and familiarity into psychocentric, mid-centric, and allocentric types. The document provides descriptions of each type of tourist in both classification systems and encourages analyzing which destinations and activities would appeal more to each type.
Classification of Tourists
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- 2. Do you stayin your bubble? Environmental bubble - Surrounded by similar living environment when travelling
- 3. What makes youfeel comfortable and safe when travelling? Find the points in your travel leaflets! Brainstorm with your neighbour! Write down your findings inside the bubbles.
- 4. Fly with areputable airline. Time limit: 5 minutes
- 5. Environmental bubble? • Acoach with air-conditioning • Include travel insurance • A comfortable hotel/ accommodation • Choose a reputable travel agency • Well planned itinerary • Eat Chinese food • Chinese-speaking tour guide • Staff with professional training • Speak or read the same language • Sufficient rest time • Breakfast at hotel • Buffet, choose your own food • Fastpass in theme park • Special queue
- 6. Cohen’s Classification Tourism combines curiosityto seek out new experiences with the need for security of familiar reminders of home seek out new experience Curiosity familiar reminder of home Security ExplorerDrifter Individual mass tourist Organized mass tourist
- 7. Non-Institutionalized Tourists are loosely attachedto the tourist establishment expose to host community Institutionalized Tourists are dealt with in a routine way by the tourist establishment e.g. travel agencies, hotel chain Explorer Drifter Individual Mass Tourist Organized Mass Tourist Cohen’s Classification
- 8. Where is thetourist? p.2 Spend most of the time inside/ always inside Still confined by it/ Often inside Dare to leave/ rarely inside Go further away from it/ far away from
- 9. Organized Mass Tourist •least adventurous • spend most of their time in their comfortable “environmental bubble” throughout their trip • the itinerary is decided in advance • attractions are guided and well fixed • tourists have no decision on their trip Cohen’s Classification p.3
- 10. Individual Mass Tourist •similar to the organized mass tourist • the tour is not entirely fixed • have certain control over their time and itinerary • but all the major arrangements are still made through travel agencies Cohen’s Classification
- 11. Explorer • arrange theirtrips alone • go somewhere unusual • look for comfortable accommodation and reliable transportation • retain some of the basic routines and comforts of their native way of life • try to mix with local people and speak their language • dare to leave their “environmental bubble” Cohen’s Classification
- 12. Drifter • go furtheraway from the “environmental bubble” • keep away from the accustomed ways of life in home countries • no fixed itinerary • plan trips wholly on their own • live with local people • often take odd-jobs to keep themselves going Cohen’s Classification
- 13. What type isit? p.2
- 15. What’s your travel personality? •Do the psychological test to know your travel personality at besttripchoices.com • Jot down your type and some keywords of your characteristics
- 16. Plog’s Classification p.4 •Destination popularity VS traveller’s personality Your travel personality • Authentic = Psychocentric • Mid-authentic = Near psychocentric • Centric authentic = Mid-centric • Centric venturer = Mid-centric • Mid-venturer = Near allocentric • Venturer = Allocentric
- 17. Plog’s Classification p.5 AllocentricType • seek new experiences and adventure • outgoing and self-confident • enjoy meeting ppl from different cultures • explore an area • make own travel arrangements • choose activities and tourist attractions
- 18. Plog’s Classification Psychocentric Type •conservative, inhibited and unadventurous • return to familiar destinations • want to relax • expect the type of food and activity • prefer heavily structured itinerary • safety and security are important
- 19. Plog’s Classification Mid-centric Type •between allocentric and psychocentric • not particularly adventurous • receptive to new experience
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- 21. Can you classifythe destinations into 5? • South Africa • Canada • Kuala Lumpur • Antarctica • Macau • India • Singapore • Russia • Cambodia • United Kingdom • Bangkok • Guangzhou • Czech Republic • Australia • South America • Congo • Shenzhen • France • Vietnam • USA
- 23. Major points tostudy • Understand Cohen's classification • Understand Plog's classification • Give examples on each types of tourists • Identify the concerns and needs of different types of tourist