- Albert Bandura was a Canadian-American psychologist who was born in 1925 in Alberta, Canada. He is known for his work on social learning theory and social cognitive theory. - One of Bandura's most famous experiments was the Bobo doll experiment in 1961, which demonstrated that children's aggressive behavior could be influenced or learned through observation. - Bandura expanded social learning theory into social cognitive theory, which posits that learning occurs in a social context with a dynamic and reciprocal interaction of personal factors, behavior, and the environment.

1. Psychologists Presented by: Pramuka Amarakeerthi Kushani Chathurya Nadhini Hirimuthugodage

2. Presented by: Pramuka Amarakeerthi

3. Outline Early Life Academic Career Social Learning Theory Social Cognitive Theory Bobo Doll Experiment Bobo Study Key Findings Four Key Processes in Social Learning Agents of Observational Learning Triadic Responsibility Model Reference

4. Early Life Born in 1925 in a rural community in Alberta, Canada. Parents were immigrants. Attended room in a 8 room school house with modest resources.

5. Academic Career Undergraduate studies at University of British Columbia in Vancouver. Masters (1951) and PhD (1952) at Iowa State University. Completed Masters and PhD in three years. Professor at Stanford University since 1953. Author of over 300 scholarly publications.

6. Social Learning Theory Miller and Dollard (1941) wrote a book entitled ‘Social Learning and Imitation’. This was a movement forward because they discussed imitation. However, they viewed imitation along Traditional behavioristic principles . Bandura intrigued by the idea by the assumptions that learning requires more powerful mode than trial and error . In 1960s, conducted research on modeling, vicarious learning and his version of social learning theory resulted.

7. Social Cognitive Theory Humans can learn by observing and modeling others, specially those that they identify with. Classic 'Bobo Doll ' studies demonstrated observational learning and impact on violent behavior in children. Bandura originally called this theory Observational Learning Theory or Social Learning theory .

8. Bobo Doll Experiment

9. Bobo Study: Key Findings After viewing adults strike and kick a Bobo doll, children would imitate the behavior in another environment. Suggests that the violence could be imitated by viewers. Results showed 88% of the children imitated aggressive behavior following the viewing of the tape of adults acting aggressively towards the doll. 8 months later 40% of the same children reproduced the violent behavior observed in the Bobo doll experiment.

10. Four Key Processes in Social Learning Attention Retention Reproduction Motivation Bandura formulated his findings in a four-step pattern which combines a cognitive view and an operant view of learning.

11. Step 1 – Attention Something is noticed in the environment. Observers must pay attention to learn. Process influenced by characteristics of the model.

12. Step 2 – Retention Observer must recognize and remember the behavior. Process depends on observers ability to code information.

13. Step 3 – Reproduction What observer noticed is duplicated by an action. Observer must be physically and intellectually capable of producing action.

14. Step 4 – Motivation Observer performs act. Presence of reinforcement or punishment.

15. Agents of Observational Learning Parents Teacher Peers Other Adults Media

16. Social Cognitive Theory In 1986, Bandura published a book entitled 'Social Foundations of Thought and Action .' : A Social Cognitive Theory. Expanded social learning theory into a fuller theory of human behavior not just learning. Presented the triadic responsibility model.

17. Triadic Responsibility Model Overt Behavior Personal Factors Environment

18. Reference 1998, 2006 Dr. C. George Boeree, biography of Albert Bandura. May1, 2010; Jim Kinneer; presentation; Social Cognitive Theory, Indiana University of Pennsylvania. 2010 Marie Downing; presentation, Walden University; EdD Student. Bandura, A. (2009). Social cognitive theory goes global. The Psychologist, 22(6), 504-506. Retrieved from PsycINFO database Bandura, A. (1977). Social learning theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. Pajares, F. (2004). Albert Bandura: Biographical sketch . Retrieved Oct 22, 2009, from http://des.emory.edu/mfp/bandurabio.html

19. Ivan Pavlov Presented by: Kushani Chathurya

20. Background Information Full Name: Ivan Petrovich Pavlov Born: September 14, 1849 Birthplace: Ryazan, Russia Education: Attended Ryazan Ecclesiastical Seminary for several years, dropped out and enrolled at the University of St. Petersburg to study the natural sciences and become a physiologist. Earned his doctorate in 1879 Death: February 27, 1936

21. The Beginning.... Pavlov was planning to study saliva (which he received from dogs), collect normal data and see the reaction it had on foods under different conditions. While attempting to collect saliva from dogs he noticed that the dogs salivate before food was actually delivered to their mouths. He called this phenomenon “psychic secretion" His attention then turned from saliva to behaviorism. He was the pioneer of classical conditioning.

22. A type of learning in which an organism responds to a neutral stimulus that normally does not bring about that response What Classical Conditioning Is

23. Components Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS): An event that automatically elicits a unconditioned response. Unconditioned Response (UCR): The action that a UCS automatically elicits. Conditioned Stimulus (CS): The neutral stimulus being paired with the UCS to elicit the same response. Conditioned Response (CR): The response elicited by the CS due to the training.

24. Pavlov’s Dog The first experiment that led to the discovery of Classical Conditioning was Pavlov’s dogs. Pavlov discovered classical conditioning when he trained dogs with a bell to call them to eat.

26. Conditional Reflexes Once satisfied with his experiments, Pavlov establish the basic rules of “conditional reflexes” He stated that conditional reflexes can only occur when responses become automatic after several experiences where the condition (Pavlov's case was the bell) occurs Even after Pavlov's discovery his experiments and findings wouldn't be published in English until 1927

27. The Experiment of his death… On the day of his death, Pavlov asked one of his students to stay by his bed side and record the conditions of his death. It's believe Pavlov wanted to create evidence of particular experiences in one's last moments in life It takes a great scientist to want to increase their knowledge on their death bed.

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29. WILHEM WUNDT (16 August 1832 )

30. Born in 16 august 1832. “ father of experimental psychology” in 1879. Psychology , physiologist , philosopher and professor. He formed the first journal for psychological research in 1881.

31. He married his wife, Sophie Mau, while at Heidelberg. Wrote the first psychology text book. Wundt offered the first course ever taught in scientific psychology. His lectures on psychology were published as lectures on the Mind of Humans and Animals.

32. Wilhelm Wundt (seated) with colleagues in his psychological laboratory, the first of its kind

33. Wundt studied briefly with Johannes Müller before joining the University of Heidelberg. The fourth child to parents Maximilian Wundt (a Lutheran minister), and his wife Marie Frederike. He studied from 1851 to 1856 at the University of Tubingen, University of Heidelberg.

34. Wundt applied himself to writing a work that came to be one of the most important in the history of psychology ”principal of psychological” Psychology in 1874. His background in physiology would have a great effect on his approach to the new science of psychology. He was a german medical doctor.

35. Wundt's gravestone 31st August 1920

36. These drawing were by Wilhem Wundt in 1902

37. Wilhem Wundt and his assistants. his horoscope with biography

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