Morphological reproduction of protozoa

1. Morphological reproduction of
protozoa
Presented by:
Thakor Karan B
M.Sc. sem-1
Microbiology

2. Contents
•Introduction
•Morphology
•Reproduction in protozoa
•References

3. Protozoa

4. Introduction: Protozoa
The word protozoa is come from Greek
protozoon word meaning “FirstAnimal”.
Protozoa are unicellular (may be
Multicellular) Eukaryotic microorganism.
Protozoa constitute a large group of about
65,000 species. Most of which are harmless
free living and inhabits water and soil
A few species are pathogenic in nature
parasitize humanand other animals
causing hundreds of million of infections
in a year around the world

5. Characteristics
Mostly Unicellular organism with fully
functionalcell
Live freely, may be parasitic or symbiotic
Protozoa are chemo-hetrotrops
They are motile have locomotive
organelles. E.g.
Flagella and Cilia for movement

6. Morphology
Protozoa are Eukaryotic resemble to
animal cell, contain major cell
organelles (including Nucleus,
Mitochondria)
Their organelles are highly specialized
for feeding, reproduction and movement
The cytoplasm of protozoa are divided
into an outer layer called Ectoplasm and
an inner layer called Endoplasm

7. Ectoplasm helps in movement, feeding and
Protection
Endoplasm houses Nucleus, mitochondria
and food
Some protozoa have special appendages
Flagella and
cilia that helps in theirmovements
Freshwater protozoa have contractile
vacuolesto pump out excesswater
Their shape may remain constant (specially
in Ciliates) or change constantly (as seen in
Amoeba)

8. The size of Protozoa is range between
3to 300micrometer.
Few ciliate and Amoeba are larger enough
to be seenwith naked eyes (they are about 4
to 5mm).
Except Sporozoates, all types of protozoa
are motileeither through Flagella, cilia or
Pseudopodia
Have Eyespot that can detect change in
light
Respond to light &learn by trial &error

9. Reproduction in Protozoa
Protozoa can reproduce their off spring by both
Sexual and Asexual methods
Asexual methods of reproduction are:
Budding
Binary Fission
Sexual Methods
Conjugation
Gametogony

10. New individuals are produced by separation of a
portion of the cytoplasm of the parent organism
with a daughter nucleus.
It may be simple or multiple, exogenous or
endogenous. Budding is common in suctorians.
Examples: Noctiluca, Tokophrya, etc.
Budding

11. Binary fission
• Binary fission, asexual reproduction by a
separation of the body into two new bodies.
• In the process of binary fission, an organism
duplicates its genetic material, or
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), and then
divides into two parts (cytokinesis), with
each new organism receiving one copy of
DNA.

12. Binary fission in organisms can occur in
three ways:
1. Longitudinal
2. Transverse
3. Irregular

14. SexualReproduction
Conjugation:
Two protozoa meet together and
exchange their genetic material
Gametogony:
Union of two sexually differentiatedcells
cell division resulting in the formation
of gametes

15. The conjugation is the temporary union of
two mating types of individuals of the same
species to facilitate exchange of nuclear ma-
terials.
The conjugants may be either isogamous
(Paramecium) or anisogamous (Vorticella)
Conjugation

17. References
•Foundations in Microbiology by Kathleen P.
Talaro
•Usha mina, Pranav kumar (2014). Life science
fundamental and practice part I.
•https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protozoa#