This document provides information about propositions including: - A proposition is a statement that can be either true or false. It must be one or the other, not both. - There are simple and complex propositions. Simple propositions contain a single fact while complex propositions contain two or more simple propositions. - Propositions are different from sentences. Not all sentences can be propositions since imperative and interrogative sentences cannot be determined as true or false.

2. Name: Zain ullah
Class Roll# 38
Program: M.com
semester 1st
Department: Quaid -e- Azam college of
commerce,UOP

4. Main points of Presentation:
What is proposition
Types of proposition
Difference between proposition and sentence
Conclusion
Question/answer session

5. Proposition
Definition:
• A proposition is a statement that can be either true or false;
• It must be one or the other, it can not be both.
Key point of definition:
 If a proposition is true then we say it is “Truth value” is “True” and if a proposition
false, then we say its truth value is “False”
Example:
Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharif is the current prime minister of Pakistan.
 if he is then it is true
 if he is not then its truth value will be false

6. Other definition:
Proposition……. Any statement that can be asserted or denied.
o (i.e. said to be true or false)
Example
Belgium is a country in Europe
The above statement is true
• And if we say as,
Egypt is a country in Europe.
This statement is false.
Proposition is a declarative/informative sentence.

7. Kinds of proposition:
Simple proposition Complex Proposition
Simple proposition:
 A proposition that does not contain any other proposition as a component part.
 Simple propositions are independent.
 Simple propositions are those propositions that give us information about a single fact.
Example:
Fast food tends to be unhealthy.
Afghanistan is in Asia.

8. Complex proposition:
 A proposition that contains another proposition as a component.
It is dependent.
 Proposition which contains two or more simple proposition.
 A proposition that gives us information about more than one fact.
Example:
If fast food tend to be unhealthy, then you should not eat it.
Afghanistan is a country in Asia and Kabul is its capital.

9. Proposition is different from Sentence!!!

10.  There is always a difference between a proposition and sentence.
 There are some types of sentences that can not be a proposition.
 They are as follows;
1. Imperative sentence:
It can not be a proposition because it is not a declarative sentence.
example.
clean your room.
close your books.
2. Interrogative sentence:
It is not a proposition because it is not a declarative sentence.
example.
What is your name?
where do u live?

11. A proposition is a statement that is capable of
determining whether a statement is true or
false.
And it is a statement which gives us
information about fact.
Keeping view all the above points we can say
that “every proposition can be a sentence but
every sentence can not be a proposition”