Matter is anything that occupies space and has mass. It has physical properties like shape, size, color, weight, odor, taste, texture, hardness, elasticity, conductivity, malleability, ductility, brittleness, and flexibility. Matter also has chemical properties like combustibility, flammability, and biodegradability. Physical properties are characteristics that can be observed or measured without changing the chemical composition of the matter, while chemical properties involve changes to the chemical makeup of the matter.