READING AND WRITING_Properties of a well written text

1. R E A D I N G A N D W R I T I N G

2. identify
properties of a
well-written
text;
write a well-
written text.
evaluate written
text based on
the identified
properties; and
LEARNING COMPETENCY:
Evaluate a written text based on its properties (organization, coherence and
cohesion, language use and mechanics)

3. In academic terms, a text is defined as
written material or piece of writing such as an
article, essay, book, magazine, or newspaper.
For a paragraph or any composition to be
effective, it must always consider the
properties of a well- written text which
includes organization, cohesion and
coherence, language use, and mechanics.

5. This is also known as an arrangement that
refers to the structural framework for
writing.
A text is considered organized when ideas
are accurately and logically arranged
with a focus on the arrangements of ideas,
incidents, evidence, or details in a definite
order in a paragraph, essay, or speech.

6. Organization can be achieved
through the following techniques: text
structure, signal words, and physical
format.

7. Text structure
Text structure refers to the framework of a
text’s beginning, middle, and end.
Different narrative and expository genres
have different purposes and different
audiences, so they require different text
structures. Beginnings and endings help
link the text into a coherent whole.

8. INTRODUCTION
Also called as the lead or the hook. It introduces the readers to the
purpose of the writing by introducing characters or setting(for
narrative) or the topic, thesis, or argument (for expository writing)
Text structure
BODY
The organization of the middle of a piece of writing dependes on
the genre. Researchers have identified five basic organizational
structures: sequence, description, cause and effect, compare and
contrast, and problem and solution.
Conclusion
It is the restatement of the thesis and majoir points, showing how
the writer has proven his/her position. Possible implications of what
has been discussed and writer's conclusion may also be included .

9. The first few sentences, paragraphs or pages of a
story are the reader's entry point into a new world.
Often, a reader will decide whether or not to
continue reading based purely off a story's
exposition!
The exposition is an opportunity to introduce your
writing style, set the scene and establish your central
characters and conflict. It's extremely important that
we practice the skill of grabbing a reader's attention
straight away through an interesting and engaging
introduction.
Try to avoid boring cliche openings and instead
consider the following:
a thought-provoking question or comment
about your central theme
a surprising, strange or unexpected
statement or detail to intrigue the reader
a powerful piece of dialogue or
conversation to set the scene
jumping right into the action to create
tension or suspense
a foreshadowing clue about the character's
potential fate to make the reader wonder

11. Coherence refers to the
overall sense of unity in a
text. On the other hand,
cohesion is the connection of
ideas both at the sentence
level and at the paragraph
level.
When ideas are organized
well, a text can achieve
coherence and cohesion.
Both should be present to
make your text easier for your
readers to follow and
understand.

15. Examples:
1. The president said, “Work, work, and work,” are the keys to
success.
2. If you think you can make it, you can make it.
3. Most students are intimated by the works of William Shakespeare.
They believe Shakepeare’s sonnets and plays are far too complicated
to read and understand.

16. Example:
Teenagers face an enormous amount of peer pressure from friends.
Hence, many young adults are showing signs of great stress or
depression at an early age.

17. Examples:
1. Rodrigo R. Duterte is the 16th President of the Republic of the
Philippines. Moreover, he also served as Davao City’s Mayor for a long
period of time. He is also known by many as a strong leader.
2. Mrs. Gomez approved to have a meeting with the workers’ union
before she signed the contract. She was willing to hear their concerns
about the newly proposed amendments in the company.

18. Examples:
1. Rodrigo R. Duterte is the 16th President of the Republic of the
Philippines. Moreover, he also served as Davao City’s Mayor for a long
period of time. He is also known by many as a strong leader.
2. Mrs. Gomez approved to have a meeting with the workers’ union
before she signed the contract. She was willing to hear their concerns
about the newly proposed amendments in the company.

20. It refers to the appropriateness of
word/vocabulary usage. Proper language use
enables you, the writer, to convey the
message you want to your readers.
Language use is one of the strongest
indicators of a well-written text because it
leadswriters to effectively communicate ideas
without confusing the reader.

21. 2. concise,
not verbose
1. concrete and
specific, not
vague and
abstract
4. precise,
not
ambiguous
6.appropriately
formal
3. familiar,
not obscure
5. constructive,
not destructive

22. Concrete language involves tangible
qualities/characteristics and things we know
through our senses. Specific language
designates particular items or individuals
cases.

23. It involves using the most appropriate terms to get one’s
point across. Concise language means using a minimal
amount of effective terms to convey one’s argument. To
make the sentence more succinct, writers must avoid
unnecessary words in their sentences.

24. It refers to words/ terms that the reader easily recognizes
and understands because they use them regularly. The
message has a greater effect when using vocabulary
that is familiar to the reader.

25. Through the use of precise language, vocabulary of specific
nouns ,and vivid verbs, you can construct clear mental images
and avoid wordiness. Moreover, the use of concise language,
using the fewest possible words without sacrificing meaning,
makes your writing more understandable.
Precise writing replaces vague terms for accurate nouns and
active verbs.

26. The use of constructive language expresses
a potentially negative in a positive way,
while destructive language leads the reader
to blame and criticism, causing
defensiveness.

27. The formality of the language used should
conform to the formality of the situation and
the relationship between the writer and the
reader. Consider the following examples.

31. SPELLING
Punctuation
Capitalization

33. Directions: Read carefully the
following paragraph and examine
its content by applying the
properties of a well-written text.
Write your text evaluation on
your notebook

34. (1) Learning how to drive a car with a stick shift is
difficult. (2) The location of each gear and the best
speed to drive for each gear must belearned. (3) How
to push in the clutch and change the gear to obtain
the best speed can be tricky until the driver discovers
just where the clutch accelerates the gear speed. (4)
bouncing and jerking can occur until the maneuver is
mastered. (5) The ―”sweet spot” is different in all
cars. (6) Downshifting has to be learned to allow for
turns and slowing. (7) The clutch and gear speed work
together again but the gear is shifted to slow down,
not to speed up.

37. Directions: Rewrite and improve
the text in Activity 2 by applying
the necessary corrections
which you think the paragraph
must follow based on the
properties of a well-written text.
Write your answer on a separate
sheet of paper and be guided by the
rubric below.

38. (1) Learning how to drive a car with a stick shift is
difficult. (2) The location of each gear and the best
speed to drive for each gear must belearned. (3) How
to push in the clutch and change the gear to obtain
the best speed can be tricky until the driver discovers
just where the clutch accelerates the gear speed. (4)
bouncing and jerking can occur until the maneuver is
mastered. (5) The ―”sweet spot” is different in all cars.
(6) Downshifting has to be learned to allow for turns
and slowing. (7) The clutch and gear speed work
together again but the gear is shifted to slow down,
not to speed up.