This is for English for Professional and Academic Purposes quarter 1, prepared by Group 4.

1. USES KNOWLEDGE OF
TEXT STRUCTURE TO
GLEAN THE
INFORMATION HE/SHE
NEEDS
 .

2.  To glean the information of the text
structure is to organized the
information and details they are
learning in their minds while reading.
 This strategy helps student
understand that a text might present a
main idea and details; the cause and
it effects and/or different views of a
topic

3. Common types of text
structure
 Spatial or Description
 Cause and Effect
 Comparison and Contrast
 Chronological Order
 Problem-solution

4. Spatial or Description
Spatial or description gives the reader a detailed feature
that creates a picture on his/her mind about the topic.
Spatial organization can also be called as descriptive
writing. If you are about to describe how something looks,
you are describing it spatially.
It can also be used in fiction and non-fiction
Even if narration style of writing is usually arranged
chronologically. If the author is describing a setting of a
certain scene, the author is describing it spatially.

5. Cause and Effect
Cause and Effect is one way organizing information in a text. It
explain reasons why something happened. It can be ordered as
cause and effect or vice versa.
CAUSE
 Presents the relationship between specific events, ideas or
concepts
EFFECT
it is generally used in expository and persuasive writing modes.
 It explains the result of things that happened on it reasons.
This structure is commonly used, most of the time writers
didn’t notice that they use this kind of text structure

6. Comparison and Contrast
 Give the similarities and differences
between two or more people, events,
concepts, ideas, and the like.
 You should bear in mind that this kind of
structure should discuss both comparing
(similarities) and contrasting
(differences). If you will only discuss
comparing and not contrasting, it cannot
be called as comparing and contrasting
but comparing alone and vice versa.

7. Chronological order
Chronological order explains a text by the time an event
occurs.
Chrono means time and logic means order. the events
occur along a timeline even if the author uses flashbacks,
or flash forwards.
 All stories are organized chronologically, therefore,
every story has
 A beginning, middle, and an end. Non-fiction stories
organized chronologically usually contain dates while
fiction passages or narratives usually have no dates.

8. Problem-solution
It is a pattern of organization that explains
a problem issue and an attempted solution
in the issue. This type of text is usually
interchanged with caused and effect type
of structure but the only thing that they
should remember is that cause and effect
text structure do not offer a solution. This
mentions a problem and then offers a
solution plus the possible effect of a
solution.

9. USES VARIOUS
TECHNIQUE IN
SUMMARIZING A
VARIETY OF ACADEMIC
TEXT

10. What is summarizing?
Summarizing is defined as taking a lot of
information and creating a condensed version that
covers the main points. An example of
summarizing is writing a three or four sentence
description that touches upon the main points of a
long book. Present participle of summarizing.
Here are some method of summarizing: First, prior
to skimming, use some previewing techniques.
Include the title and identify the author in your first
sentence. The first sentenced or two of your
summary should contain the author’s thesis, or
central concept, stated in your own words.

11. 6 easy technique in
summarizing various
academic text
Who, what, when, where, why, and
how. These questions make it easy to
identify the main character, important
details, and main idea.

12. Importance of summarizing
in academic writing
Summarizing is an important skill in
academic writing. It enables you to
extract the most important points from a
text and rewrite them in your own
words, in a shortened form. Such skills
are invaluable when you are note taking
and researching for an essay.