Programming is hard. Programming correct C and C++ is particularly hard. Indeed, both in C and certainly in C++, it is uncommon to see a screenful containing only well defined and conforming code.Why do professional programmers write code like this? Because most programmers do not have a deep understanding of the language they are using.While they sometimes know that certain things are undefined or unspecified, they often do not know why it is so. In these slides we will study small code snippets in C and C++, and use them to discuss the fundamental building blocks, limitations and underlying design philosophies of these wonderful but dangerous programming languages.
This content has a CC license. Feel free to use it for whatever you want. You may download the original PDF file from: http://www.pvv.org/~oma/DeepC_slides_oct2012.pdf
Fundamental of C Programming Language and Basic Input/Output Functionimtiazalijoono
Fundamental of C Programming Language
and
Basic Input/Output Function
contents
C Development Environment
C Program Structure
Basic Data Types
Input/Output function
Common Programming Error
Programming is an essential skill if you seek a career in software development, or in other fields of Coding. This fundamental of programming course is the first in the specialization for Introduction to Programming in C, but its lessons extend to any language you might want to study. This is because programming is primarily about solving a set of problems and writing the algorithm.
An introduction to the C programming language for the students of the course "HJ-82 Ontwerpen voor de optie multimedia en signaalverwerking: seminaries", taught by the authors at the Catholic University of Leuven.
This is the Complete course of C Programming Language for Beginners. All Topics of C programming Language are covered in this single power point presentation.
Visit: www.cyberlabzone.com
Programming is hard. Programming correct C and C++ is particularly hard. Indeed, both in C and certainly in C++, it is uncommon to see a screenful containing only well defined and conforming code.Why do professional programmers write code like this? Because most programmers do not have a deep understanding of the language they are using.While they sometimes know that certain things are undefined or unspecified, they often do not know why it is so. In these slides we will study small code snippets in C and C++, and use them to discuss the fundamental building blocks, limitations and underlying design philosophies of these wonderful but dangerous programming languages.
This content has a CC license. Feel free to use it for whatever you want. You may download the original PDF file from: http://www.pvv.org/~oma/DeepC_slides_oct2012.pdf
Fundamental of C Programming Language and Basic Input/Output Functionimtiazalijoono
Fundamental of C Programming Language
and
Basic Input/Output Function
contents
C Development Environment
C Program Structure
Basic Data Types
Input/Output function
Common Programming Error
Programming is an essential skill if you seek a career in software development, or in other fields of Coding. This fundamental of programming course is the first in the specialization for Introduction to Programming in C, but its lessons extend to any language you might want to study. This is because programming is primarily about solving a set of problems and writing the algorithm.
An introduction to the C programming language for the students of the course "HJ-82 Ontwerpen voor de optie multimedia en signaalverwerking: seminaries", taught by the authors at the Catholic University of Leuven.
This is the Complete course of C Programming Language for Beginners. All Topics of C programming Language are covered in this single power point presentation.
Visit: www.cyberlabzone.com
C Programming Language Tutorial for beginners - JavaTpointJavaTpoint.Com
JavaTpoint share a presentation of C Programming language for beginners and professionals. now in this slideshare you will be learned basics of c programming language, what is c programming language, history of c programming, installing turbo c, features of c programming language, datatypes of c language, operaters in c, control statement of c language, c language functions, c array, pointer in c programming, and structure and union.
This slide constitutes of knowledge about how to use C language. Every programmer should be equipped with this basic knowledge before he/she starts programming with C.
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Download free C Programming study material. Learn C Programming for free in 2 hours.
This slide covers fundamentals about C, its environment and usage. It comprises the basic information that a C programmer should have alongwith the basic program example.
C Programming Language Tutorial for beginners - JavaTpointJavaTpoint.Com
JavaTpoint share a presentation of C Programming language for beginners and professionals. now in this slideshare you will be learned basics of c programming language, what is c programming language, history of c programming, installing turbo c, features of c programming language, datatypes of c language, operaters in c, control statement of c language, c language functions, c array, pointer in c programming, and structure and union.
This slide constitutes of knowledge about how to use C language. Every programmer should be equipped with this basic knowledge before he/she starts programming with C.
Download this Presentation for free from www.ecti.co.in/downloads.html
No SIGN UP REQUIRED.
C Programming Training PPTs / PDFs for free.
Download free C Programming study material. Learn C Programming for free in 2 hours.
This slide covers fundamentals about C, its environment and usage. It comprises the basic information that a C programmer should have alongwith the basic program example.
10 Anti-Diabetic Herbs to Control Diabetes or High Blood Sugar LevelsNaturogain
Dear friend, in this presentation we are going to discuss about the major causes of diabetes and top 10 anti-diabetic herbs to control this problem so that you can improve your overall health and well being.
1 CMPS 12M Introduction to Data Structures Lab La.docxtarifarmarie
1
CMPS 12M
Introduction to Data Structures Lab
Lab Assignment 3
The purpose of this lab assignment is to introduce the C programming language, including standard input-output
functions, command line arguments, File IO, and compilation with Makefiles.
Introduction to C
If you are not already familiar with C (or even if you are) it is recommended that you purchase a good C reference
such as C for Java Programmers: a Primer by Charlie McDowell (Lulu.com 2007). The C programming
language is, in a certain sense, the grandparent of Java (C++ being its parent). Java is known as an Object Oriented
Programming (OOP) language, which means that data structures and the procedures which operate on them are
grouped together into one language construct, namely the class. Common behavior amongst classes is specified
explicitly through the mechanism of inheritance. The C programming language on the other hand does not
directly support OOP, although it can be implemented with some effort. C is known as a procedural programming
language, which means that data structures and functions (i.e. procedures) are separate language constructs. There
are no classes, no objects, and no inheritance. New data types in C are created using the typedef and struct
constructs, which will be illustrated in future lab assignments. There is however much common syntax between
Java and C. Many control structures such as loops (while, do-while, for), and branching (if, if-else, switch) are
virtually identical in the two languages. One major difference is in the way program input and output is handled,
both to and from standard IO devices (keyboard and terminal window), and to and from files. The following is
an example of a "Hello World!" program in C.
Example
/*
* hello.c
* Prints "Hello World!" to stdout
*/
#include <stdio.h>
int main(){
printf("Hello World!\n");
return 0;
}
Comments in C are specified by bracketing them between the strings /* and */, and may span several lines. For
instance /* comment */ or
/* comment
comment */
or
/*
* comment
* comment
*/
are all acceptable. With the right compiler flags, Java/C++ style comments are also acceptable.
// comment
// comment
2
You may use any style you like, but throughout this document we will use the older C style /*comments*/.
Any line beginning with # is known as a preprocessor directive. The preprocessor performs the first phase of
compilation wherein these directives, which are literal text substitutions, are performed, making the program
ready for later stages of compilation. The line #include<stdio.h> inserts the standard library header file
stdio.h, which specifies functions for performing standard input-output operations. Notice that preprocessor
commands in C do not end in a semicolon. One can also specify constant macros using the #define preprocessor
directive as follows.
.
C is mother language of all programming language.
It is a system programming language. It is a procedure-oriented programming language. It is also called mid-level programming language.
C evolved from a language called B, written by Ken Thompson at Bell Labs in 1970. Ken used B to write one of the first implementations of UNIX. B in turn was a descendant of the language BCPL (developed at Cambridge (UK) in 1967), with most of its instructions removed.
So many instructions were removed in going from BCPL to B, that Dennis Ritchie of Bell Labs put some back in (in 1972), and called the language C.
The famous book The C Programming Language was written by Kernighan and Ritchie in 1978, and was the definitive reference book on C for almost a decade.
The original C was still too limiting, and not standardized, and so in 1983, an ANSI committee was established to formalize the language definition.
It has taken until now (ten years later) for the ANSI ( American National Standard Institute) standard to become well accepted and almost universally supported by compilers.
This is a presentation on C language. Brief description on C language
Topics Covered
What is C
Header files in C
What is main function in c
Basic Structure of C
Keywords & Identifiers
Data Types & Variable Declaration in C Includes | Format Specifier | Memory Size
Input in C (printf() scanf() function)
Operators in C: Asthmatics,Increment Decrement, Relational, Logical operators
Sample Exercise
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/shamsulhusainansari/
GitHub: https://github.com/shamsulhusainansari
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Courier management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
It is now-a-days very important for the people to send or receive articles like imported furniture, electronic items, gifts, business goods and the like. People depend vastly on different transport systems which mostly use the manual way of receiving and delivering the articles. There is no way to track the articles till they are received and there is no way to let the customer know what happened in transit, once he booked some articles. In such a situation, we need a system which completely computerizes the cargo activities including time to time tracking of the articles sent. This need is fulfilled by Courier Management System software which is online software for the cargo management people that enables them to receive the goods from a source and send them to a required destination and track their status from time to time.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
Vaccine management system project report documentation..pdfKamal Acharya
The Division of Vaccine and Immunization is facing increasing difficulty monitoring vaccines and other commodities distribution once they have been distributed from the national stores. With the introduction of new vaccines, more challenges have been anticipated with this additions posing serious threat to the already over strained vaccine supply chain system in Kenya.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Event Management System Vb Net Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
In present era, the scopes of information technology growing with a very fast .We do not see any are untouched from this industry. The scope of information technology has become wider includes: Business and industry. Household Business, Communication, Education, Entertainment, Science, Medicine, Engineering, Distance Learning, Weather Forecasting. Carrier Searching and so on.
My project named “Event Management System” is software that store and maintained all events coordinated in college. It also helpful to print related reports. My project will help to record the events coordinated by faculties with their Name, Event subject, date & details in an efficient & effective ways.
In my system we have to make a system by which a user can record all events coordinated by a particular faculty. In our proposed system some more featured are added which differs it from the existing system such as security.
Democratizing Fuzzing at Scale by Abhishek Aryaabh.arya
Presented at NUS: Fuzzing and Software Security Summer School 2024
This keynote talks about the democratization of fuzzing at scale, highlighting the collaboration between open source communities, academia, and industry to advance the field of fuzzing. It delves into the history of fuzzing, the development of scalable fuzzing platforms, and the empowerment of community-driven research. The talk will further discuss recent advancements leveraging AI/ML and offer insights into the future evolution of the fuzzing landscape.
2. The main function serves as the starting point for program execution.
It usually executes statements and controls program execution by
directing the calls to other functions in the program.
A program usually stops executing at the end of main, although it can
terminate at other points in the program for a variety of reasons.
At times, perhaps when a certain error is detected, you may want to force
the termination of a program. To do so, use the exit function.
3. All C language programs must have a main() function.
It's the core of every program. It's required.
The main() function doesn't really have to do anything other than be
present inside your C source code.
Eventually, it contains instructions that tell the computer to carry out
whatever task your program is designed to do. But it's not officially
required to do anything.
4. When the operating system runs a program in C, it passes control of the
computer over to that program.
In the case of a C language program, it's the main() function that the
operating system is looking for to pass the control.
At a minimum, the main() function looks like this:
main()
{
}
5. Like all C language functions,
first comes the function's name, main,
then comes a set of parentheses, and
finally comes a set of braces, also called curly braces.
6. Command Explanation
1 #include <stdio.h> This is a preprocessor command that includes standard
input output header file(stdio.h) from the C library before
compiling a C program
2 int main() This is the main function from where execution of any C
program begins.
3 { This indicates the beginning of the main function.
4 printf(“Hello_World! “); printf command prints the output onto the screen.
5 getch(); This command waits for any character input from
keyboard.
6 return 0; This command terminates C program (main function) and
returns 0.
7 } This indicates the end of the main function.
7. A statement is a command given to the computer that instructs the
computer to take a specific action, such as display to the screen, or
collect input.
A computer program is made up of a series of statements.
An assignment statement assigns a value to a variable. A printf()
statement writes desired text e.g.
printf(“Hello_World! “);
Int Stdregno, age;
8. Compound Statement also called a "block“is the way C groups multiple
statements into a single statement with the help of braces (i.e. { and }).
The body of a function is also a compound statement by rule.
#include <stdio.h>
void main()
{
printf("Hello, world!n");
getch();
}
9. A comment is a note to yourself (or others) that you put into your source
code.
Comments provide clarity to the C source code allowing yourself and
others to better understand what the code was intended to accomplish
and greatly helping in debugging the code.
All comments are ignored by the compiler they are not executed as part
of the program.
10. Comments are especially important in large projects containing hundreds
or thousands of lines of source code or in projects in which many
contributors are working on the source code.
Comments are typically added directly above the related C source code.
Adding source code comments to your C source code is a highly
recommended practice.
11. Types
(i) Single line Comment
// comment goes here
(ii) Block Comment
/* comment goes here
more comment goes here */
12. When we say Input, it means to feed some data into a program. An input
can be given in the form of a file or from the command line. C
programming provides a set of built-in functions to read the given input
and feed it to the program as per requirement.
When we say Output, it means to display some data on screen, printer, or
in any file. C programming provides a set of built-in functions to output
the data on the computer screen as well as to save it in text or binary
files.
13. INPUT: When we say Input, it means to feed some data into a program.
An input can be given in the form of a file or from the command line. C
programming provides a set of built-in functions to read the given input
and feed it to the program as per requirement.
OUTPUT: When we say Output, it means to display some data on screen,
printer, or in any file. C programming provides a set of built-in functions
to output the data on the computer screen as well as to save it in text or
binary files.
14. printf()
function writes the output to the standard output stream and produces
the output according to the format provided.
The format can be a simple constant string, but you can specify %s, %d,
%c, %f, etc., to print or read strings, integer, character or float
respectively.
15. scanf()
function reads the input from the standard input stream and scans that
input according to the format provided.
16. Example
#include <stdio.h>
int main( )
{
char str[100];
int i;
printf( "Enter values :");
scanf("%s %d", str, &i);
printf( "nYou entered: %s %d ", str, i);
return 0;
}
Enter a value : seven 7
You entered: seven 7
17. C pre processor refers to a separate program which will be invoked by the
compiler as first part of translation.
Before a C program is compiled in a compiler, source code is processed by a
program called preprocessor. This process is called preprocessing.
Commands used in preprocessor are called preprocessor directives and they
begin with “#” symbol.
Source Code Preprocessor Compiler Object Code
18. The preprocessor provides the ability for the inclusion of header files.
Preprocessor directives are lines included in the code of programs preceded
by a hash sign (#).
These lines are not program statements but directives for the preprocessor.
The preprocessor examines the code before actual compilation of code
begins and resolves all these directives before any code is actually
generated by regular statements.
19. No semicolon (;) is expected at the end of a preprocessor directive.
Preprocessor directive can be extended by a backslash ().
20. Few examples of preprocessor directives
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<math.h>
etc.
21. S.no Preprocessor Syntax Description
1
Header file
inclusion
#include
<file_name>
The source code of the file “file_name” is included in the
main program at the specified place
2 Macro #define
This macro defines constant value and can be any of the basic
data types.
3
Conditional
compilation
#ifdef,
#endif, #if,
#else,
#ifndef
Set of commands are included or excluded in source program
before compilation with respect to the condition
4
Other
directives
#undef,
#pragma
#undef is used to undefine a defined macro variable.
#Pragma is used to call a function before and after main
function in a C program
22. #include pre processor directive is used to include header files in the
program.
If header file name is enclosed within angle brackets (), then compiler
search this file only within its standard include directory.
Similarly, if header file name is enclosed within double quotes (“ ”) then
compiler will search this file within and out side of its standard path.
1. Header file inclusion (#include)
24. In C/C++ programming language, Define directive is used for multi
functions such as to define a symbol, to define a name constant or to
define macros (short and fast processed code)
(a) To define a symbol,
(b)To define name and constants
(c) To define macros
2. Macro - Define Directive (#define)
25. (a) To define a symbol,
In the first statement, NULL is a symbol which would be replaced
with 0 in a program. Similarly, the symbol PLUS can be replaced with
+. So following both statements will be work in the same way.
2. Macro - Define Directive (#define)
C=A PLUS B;
it will work same as C=A+B;
#define NUL 0
#define PLUS +
26. (b) To define name and constants
#define preprocessor can help to define a named constant. Such as
2. Macro - Define Directive (#define)
#define INTEGER 5
#define CHARACTER A
27. (c) To define macro
In C/C++ programming language, a macro is defined as a segment of text
and it is very useful due to its readability or compact factors. Some
examples of macros are
2. Macro - Define Directive (#define)
#define pi 22.0/7
#define Area(r) 3.14*r*r
The first macro is very simple and its name can be used in any expression such as
A= pi* 5. Similarly, second macro has a parameter r and it calculate the area.
If a macro is defined at more than one line then you need to place at the end of
each line except last line. Symbol is used for continuation from next line.
28. 2. Macro - Define Directive (#define) (c) To define macro
value of height : 100
value of number : 3.140000
value of letter : A
value of letter_sequence : ABC
value of backslash_char : ?
#include <stdio.h>
#define height 100
#define number 3.14
#define letter 'A'
#define letter_sequence "ABC"
#define backslash_char '?'
void main()
{
printf("value of height : %d ", height );
printf("value of number : %f ", number );
printf("value of letter : %c ", letter );
printf("value of letter_sequence : %s ", letter_sequence);
printf("value of backslash_char : %c ", backslash_char);
}
Output:
29. In this type of preprocessor, #ifdef directive is used to check the
existence of defined macros, constant name or symbol. For example,
when we write following statement
The work of #ifndef directive is same as of #ifdef but there is slight
difference. For #ifdef directive, if a symbol or named constant or
macro has been undefined by using #undef then #ifdef will return
false valu, but #ifndef will return true value for such case.
3. Conditional Compilation(#ifdef, #ifndef, #endif)
30. 3. Conditional Compilation(#ifdef, #ifndef, #endif)
Khalid is defined. So, this line will be added in this C file
#include <stdio.h>
#define Khalid 10
int main()
{
#ifdef Khalid
printf("Khalid is defined. So, this line will be added in this C file");
#else
printf("Khalid is not defined");
#endif
return 0;
}
Output:
31. #undef preprocessor directive is used to undefined a macro, named
constant or any symbol which has been defined earlier.
Unlike #include and # define directives, #undef directive can be used
everywhere in a program but after the #define preprocessor.
#undef pi
#undef PLUS
4. Undefine Directives (#undef)