Adnan Niazi Department of Agronomy Mphil Scholar at BZU (BahauddinZakriyaUniversity, Multan) +92-303-8701782

1. Presentation topic:fennel
By: Adnan Ashraf Niazi
BAGF13M096
College of Agriculture, UOS

2. Outline
• Botanical description
• Importance
• Top countries
• Nutritional breakdown of fennel
• Medicinal value
• Production technology

3. Nomenclature
• Scientific name: Foeniculum Vulgare
• Family: Apiaceae
• English name: Fennel
• Common name: saunf

4. Botanical description
• Perennial
• The root is white, spindle-like and deep
penetrating.
• The stem is erect, cylindrical, green.
• The basic part is tuber ( bulb-like thickened)

5. Botanical description
• Flowers are tiny, yellow.
• Fruit is 4-5 mm long, 1-2 mm wide.
• Fruit is elongated at the top, greenish or light
brown-grey.
• Long day plant.

6. Importance
• Every part of the plant contains sweet and
aromatic volatiles.
• The foliage is also edible or can be used to
decorate warm or cold dishes.
• Due to its anethole content it is used for soft and
strong drinks.
• Only tubers are not used.

7. Importance
• It has important physiological effects.
• Stimulates appetite
• Digestion
• Intestinal activity
• Milk secretion

8. Importance
• The cosmetics industry also shows interests.
• It contains sugar contents.
• It contains considerable quantities of P and Ca.
• As well as A, B1, B2, B5, B6, vitamins.
• Carotene and vitamin C contents are
considerable.

9. TOP COUNTRIES
Country Production (Tonnes per year)
India 110,000
Mexico 49,688
China 40,000
Iran 30,000
Bulgaria 28,100
Syria 27,700
Morocco 23,000
Egypt 22,000
Canada 11,000
Afghanistan 10,000
World 415,027

10. Nutritional breakdown of fennel
• 73 CALORIS.
• 0.5 grams of fat.
• 0 milligrams of cholesterol.
• 2.9 grams of protein.
• 17 grams of carbohydrates.
• 7 grams of dietary fiber.

11. Medicinal uses
• Bone health
• Blood pressure
• Heart health
• Cancer
• Immunity
• Inflammation
• Metabolism

12. Medicinal uses
• Digestion and regularity
• Weight management
• increasing iron absorption
• estrogen

13. Soil and climate
• Fennel can be cultivated in all types of soils that
are rich in organic matter.
• Best soils for fennel cultivation is loamy soil.
• Cool and dry climate .
• Dry and cool weather during the seed set
increases seed yield as well as the quality of the
produce.

14. Cultivation practices
• 2-3 plouging
• Fennel seeds can be directly sown in the main
field.
• Or seedlings can be raised in nursery beds and
later transplanted in the main field.

15. Sowing time
• Direct sowing:
Ideal sowing time for fennel is Mid-September
to mid-October.
• Transplanting:
• Seedlings are raised during June or July on
well-prepared nursery beds.
• Afterwards, 7–8 weeks old seedlings are
transplanted in the field in August.

16. Seed rate & fertilizer
• Seed rate required for direct sowing is 10–12
kg/ha.
• At the time of field preparation FYM is added
10–15 tons/ha.
• Nitrogen: 90kg /ha
• Phosphorus: 40kg/ha

17. irrigation
• First irrigation is done soon after seed sowing
• one or two light irrigations are required until seed
germination.
• Afterwards, the crop is irrigated at an interval of
15–25 days
• Water stress must be avoided during flowering
and seed formation

18. Weed control
• First hoeing and weeding is recommended at
30 days after sowing.
• Both mechanical and chemical control of
weeds can be practiced.
• If herbicides are used for weed control,
Pendimethalin is most effective.

19. Harvesting
• Fennel matures in 170–180 days.
• Harvesting is done by plucking the umbels
when seeds are fully developed and mature
but still green.
• Harvesting duration lasts for a month with
plucking being done twice or thrice at 10 days
intervals.

20. varieties
• RF 101
• RF 125
• RF 35
• Gujarat Fennel 1
• CO 1

21. Yield
• Yield:
On an average, fennel yields 9–10q/ha.