The document discusses the two primary processes used to produce aluminum: the Bayer process and the Hall-Héroult process. The Bayer process extracts alumina (aluminum oxide) from bauxite ore. The Hall-Héroult process then uses electrolysis to reduce alumina into molten aluminum metal. It involves dissolving alumina in a molten cryolite bath and using carbon anodes and iron cathodes to apply a current and separate the aluminum ions from oxygen. This produces pure aluminum metal at the cathode and consumes the carbon anode.

1. PRODUCTION OF ALUMINIUM

2. STAGES IN ALUMINIUM PRODUCTION

3. ALUMINIUM PRODUCTION
FLOW CHART
BAYER’S PROCESS
HALL HEROULT PROCESS
BAUXITE
ALUMINA OR
ALUMINIUM OXIDE
PURE ALUMINIUM

4. BAYER’S PROCESS FLOW CHART

5. BAYERS PROCESS SCHEMATIC
ILLUSTRATION

6. BAYER’S PROCESS CHEMICAL
REACTIONS

7. HALL HEROULT PROCESS FLOWCHART

8. HALL HEROULT PROCESS SCHEMATIC
ILLUSTRATION

9. HALL –HEROULT PROCESS
• In the Hall-Héroult process, aluminum metal is obtained by
electrolytic reduction of alumina.
• Pure alumina melts at over 2000°C.
• To produce an electrolyte at lower temperature, alumina is
dissolved in molten cryolite at 1000°C.
• The electrolyte is placed in an iron vat lined with graphite.
• The vat serves as the cathode. Carbon anodes are inserted into the
electrolyte from the top.
• The oxygen produced at the anodes reacts with them, forming
carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide.
• Therefore, the carbon anodes are consumed and need to be
replaced periodically.
• Molten aluminum metal is produced at the cathode, and it sinks
to the bottom of the vat.

10. HALL –HEROULT CHEMICAL
REACTIONS

11. 1 KG OF ALUMINIUM

12. REFERENCE
• http://www.balcoindia.com/operation/reduction.aspx
• http://www.balcoindia.com/operation/pdf/Aluminium-
Production-Process.pdf
• http://www.scs.illinois.edu/~mainzv/HIST/bulletin_ope
n_access/num17-18/num17-18%20p15-19.pdf
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayer_process
• http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-the-bayer-
process.htm
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZtHF8zyR32Q&spfr
eload=10

13. • M.VICKRAM,ABU DHABI,U.A.E.
• PH.NO:00971 55 9330725,
• EMAIL ID:vickramatzenith12@gmail.com.