The document summarizes the key processes and departments involved in garment production, including the sawing, sewing, and quality assurance departments. It then provides details on various garment production systems such as the make through system, conventional bundle system, and progressive bundle system. Finally, it discusses different types of seams and stitches used in garment production, classifying them based on the number of threads involved. The sawing department is where cut fabrics are assembled into garments using various seams and stitches. Quality assurance ensures production meets standards.

1. PRODUCTION
DEPARTMENT
BY- G.K. Oshan Devinda

2. Chart of garment production
departments
Merchandising
department
Sampling
department
Fabric store
department
Trims and
accessories
store
department
Spreading &
Cutting
department
Sewing
department
Washing
department
Quality
Assurance
department
Finishing &
Packaging
department
Maintenance
Department
Finance and
Accounts
Department
HR/Admin
Department

3. Sawing department

4. Introduction.
After the cutting department the fabrics
come to the sawing department.then the
bulk is start to sawing.in the sawing
department the garments going though
production system and then the saems and
stiching.

5. Sewing department
Production system Seams and stitches

6. Garment production system
1. Make though
system
In this system an
operator makes right
through one garment
at one time.

7. Garment production system
2. Coventional bundle system
 Sewing machines are arranged in lines.
 The work flows from the central (store) area to the first machine,
from the first machine back to the store, and then on to the next
machine, and so forth.
 A distributor stationed at the store is responsible for receiving and
dispatching the work.
 The work in progress is in the form of bundles.
 These bundles may be put on to a tray, a box, or a bag, or the
garment parts may be wrapped and tied.

8. Garment production system
3. Clump system
 A worker collects a clump of materials from the worktable and carries
out the first operation.
 After he has completed his part of the work, he returns it to the
table.
 A worker for the second operation then continues the work and so
on.
 The process is ' collection - work -return' continues until the whole
garment has been assembled.

9. Garment production system
4. Progressive bunddle system
 Each operator receives a bundle, does his work, reties the bundle and
passes it to the next operator.
 There is a storage facility such as rack, bin or table for storing the
inter-process work between each operation.
 The work is routed by means of tickets.
 This system is the most widely used system in the garment industry
today. It is used in shirt factories, jeans factories, jacket factories, etc.

10. Garment production system
5. Flexible flow system
 A section of sewing operators, each with a supply of work in a rack at the side, work at
an engineered work place.
 The machines are laid out in such a way that a flow of work can be planned using the
correct number of operators in sequence.
 For style A garments, the work distributed after operation 1 can be distributed to the
two operators performing operation 2. On completion, the work from both workers is
then sent to operator 3. After operation 3, the work is continued by the two operators
performing operation 4 and so on.
 When a new style is to be loaded on to the system, the number of operators needed
for each operation must be planned in detail to ensure a balanced output.

11. Garment production system
6. Straight line system
 The manufacturing process is broken down into several
operations, which take the same time to complete.
 Groups of operators are required to handle only individual
garments.
 The garment parts pass from one operator to the next, until the
garment has been completely made up by one group of operators.
 The central distribution unit may be a fixed table or a a conveyor
belt (its speed will be set to suit the cycle time).

12. Garment production system
7. Synchro flow system
 Garment parts of the same size and color are processed
separately.
 Different garment parts can be processed simultaneously for
assembling.
 At the same time, collars, sleeves, cuffs, pockets, etc., from
other lines also go down a central line.
 The different garment parts are then processed together to
form completed garments.

13. Garment production system
8. Unit production system
 A unit production system (UPS) is a computer-controlled production line.
 It is a type of line layout that uses an overhead transport system to move individual
units from work-station to work station for assembly.
 All the parts for a single garment are advanced through the production line together by
means of a hanging carrier that travels along an overhead conveyor.
 Production operations are completed without removing the parts from the carrier.
 Automated materials handling replaces the traditional system of bundling, tying and
untying, and manually moving garment parts.
 Electronic data can be collected from workstations, which provides payroll and
inventory data, immediate tracking of styles, and costing and performance data for
prompt decision.

14. Garment production system
9. Modular manufacturing system
 Modular manufacturing groups operators into teams, or
modules.
 The team works on one/a few garment at a time instead of
a bundle of garments.
 The operators stand /sit at their stations and rotate to
different machines as they work, becoming familiar with
multiple steps in producing the garment.

15. SEAM AND STICHES
 SEAM
What is a seam ?
A seam is a line where two or more fabrics are joined.

16. Seams and stiches
Types of seams
• Superimposed seams
• Lap seams
• Bound seams
• Flat seams
• Edge finishing seams
Superimposed
seam
Lap seam
Edge finishing
seam
Flat seam
Bound seam

17. Seam and stiches
 Stich
What is a stich ?
A stich is the configuration of the interlasing of sawing
thread in a specific repeated unit.

18. Classification of stiches
 100 class stich: single thread chain stich
One needle thread and one blind loop.
Stich class Thread count Typical uses
101 One thread Light constructions
103 One thread Blind stich for hemming
104 One thread Blind stich for hemming

19. Classification of stiches
 200 class stich: single thread hand sawn stich
 Using one needle thread
Stich class Thread count Typical uses
202 One thread Basting
205 One thread Pick stiching

20. Classification of stiches
 300 class stich: two or more thread lock stich
Using needle thread and one bobbin hook thread
Stich class Thread count Typical uses
301 Two thread Seaming multiple plies
304 Two thread Zig-zag stitch; a stretch
lockstitch
306 Two thread Blind stitch
315 Two thread Three step zig-zag

21. Classification of stiches
 400 class stich: multi thred chain stich
Using one more needle thread and one or more looper
threads
s
Stitch class Thread count Typical uses
401 Class Two threads
Seaming multiple plies
with moderate stretch
404 Class Two threads
Topstitching or seaming
with stretch
406 Class Three threads
"Bottom cover stitch; a
(greater) stretch chain
stitch

22. Classification of stiches
 500 class stich : multi thread over edge chain
stich
Using needle thread and looper thread
Stitch class Thread count Typical uses
501 Class One thread
One needle over edge
stitch for serging / “blanket
stitch"
502 Class Two thread
One needle over edge
stitch for serging
503 Class Two thread
Over edge stitch for
serging with crossover on
edge of fabric
504 Class Three thread
Over edge stitch for
serging and light seaming

23. Classification of stiches
 600 class stich : multi thred cover stich
Stitch class Thread count Typical uses
602 Class Four thread
Cover stitch or seaming
knits
605 Class Five thread Cover stitch
607 Class Six thread Wide cover stitch

24. Thank you….
Name – G.K. Oshan Devinda
NDT – Textile and clothing technology [University Of
Moratuwa]