There are 5 basic principles of fingerprints that has been explained in this presentation.

2. PRINCIPLES
OF
FINGERPRINT
Prepared by
Rutuja Kakade
Volunteer of AFRS

3. Contents
• Introduction of fingerprint.
• Types of fingerprint.
• Principles of fingerprint.
• Forensic Uses.

4. Introduction
of
fingerprint
• A fingerprint is a unique pattern
of ridges, furrows, and minutiae
on the skin of a person's fingers
and thumbs.
• These patterns are formed during
fetal development and remain
largely unchanged throughout a
person's life, making them an
ideal means of identification.

5. Types
of
fingerprint
• There are three types of fingerprint.
1)Arch
2) Loop
3) Whorl

6. Principles of fingerprint
1) Individuality
2) permanence
3) Universality
4) Classifiable

7. Individuality
Everything is individual in nature.
Every human being have individual fingerprint.
Two fingerprint can not be the same. Because of individual
fingerprint, forensic experts can find a criminal easily.
Our 10 fingers don't have same patterns our 10 fingers have
individual pattern.
Every finger have individual pattern or characteristics.

8. Permanence
It can be altering a little by physical cut on
finger due to their deep nature.
The fingerprints we had when we were young
will be the same in old age.
Our age doesn't matter for fingerprint.
We can't change our fingerprint because these
are formed in embryonic development

9. Universality
• Fingerprint is universal in nature.
• Fingerprint has universal characteristic
as fingerprint have their unique
characteristics which are also known as
individual characteristics including
bridge, hook, Bifurcation, double
bifurcation, trifurcation, etc
• Position of these individual
characteristics are different in each
fingerprint. This is universal evidence.

10. Classifiable
• We can classify our fingerprint into
1. Arch
a. Plain Arch
b. Tented Arch
2. Whorl
a. Plain whorl
b. Twinned Whorl
c. Central Whorl
d. Double Whorl
e. Accidental Whorl
3. Loop
a. Ulnar Loop
b. Radial Loop

11. Forensic
Significance
of
fingerprint
principle
• It is useful for identification of
fingerprint pattern.
• Forensic expert use this principles
for found criminals.
• We use this principle for solving
cases in which forensic expert
found fingerprint pattern on crime
scene.
• Due to individual characteristics
of fingerprints, these can be used
for identification of criminals.
• Fingerprint tells about the
presence of suspects at crime
scene.

12. THANK YOU