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BY
Prof. Godwin Idoro
Department of Building,
University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos
PROJECT COMMUNICATION
 Project:
 Definition of a Project:
 Human activities
 Interrelated activities
 Temporary activities and deliverables
 Unique activities, resources and product
 Communication features reflect project features:
 Information, ideas , feelings express:
 Human activities
 Activities relatedness, uniqueness
 Resources and uniqueness
 Deliverables and uniqueness
 Product uniqueness
PROJECT COMMUNICATION
 Communication: Definition:
 A process by which people share information, ideas and
feelings.
 Ways of communication:
 Spoken words
 Written words
 Body language
 Personal mannerism
 Styles
 Anything that conveys or add meaning to a message
ELEMENTS OF COMMUNICATION PROCESS
 Elements of communication process:
 Sender-receiver
 Message
 Channels
 Noise
 Feedback
 Setting
 Sender-receiver:
 Communication not a one-way process
 Sender – Person(s) who sends a message
 Receiver – Person(s) who receives a message
ELEMENTS OF COMMUNICATION PROCESS
 Message: Information, Ideas, Feelings:
 Can be communicated using:
 Symbols
 Verbal words
 Non-verbal words: facial expression, gestures, postures, vocal
tones, appearance, colours, etc
 Concrete symbols: symbols that represent an object
 Abstract symbols:
ELEMENTS OF COMMUNICATION PROCESS
 Channels of communication:
 Definition:
 Route through which a message travels
 Means by which a sender reaches a receiver
 Classification of channels of communication:
 Face to face communication
 Sight and sound
 Non face to face communication
 Radio, television, records, newspaper, magazine, signals, phone,
etc
ELEMENTS OF COMMUNICATION PROCESS
Noise:
Any disturbance to communication
Anything that interferes with the transmission of message
Anything the interferes with the understanding of a message
Distance, communication gadgets, audience, communication
style, medium, communication barriers, etc
Feedback:
Response from receiver to sender
Setting: Definition:
The environment in which communication occurs:
Formal setting
Informal setting
Formal setting supports formal communication: Auditorium,
lecture room, site meetings, boardroom
Informal setting supports informal communication
COMMUNICATION TERMS
 Sender: a person, group of persons
 Receiver: a person, sender, group of persons
 Communication medium: method used to convey message:
writing, oral, formal, informal, face to face, email, text, phone
 Communication style: active or passive voice, sentence structure,
choice of words.
 Communication technique: presentation technique: writing, body
language, visual aids
 Encoding: process of translating an idea, thought, feeling into a
language that is understood by receivers
 Message: the product or output of encoding
 Noise: communication barriers
 Decoding: to translate message into meaningful ideas, thoughts,
feelings of sender
TYPES OF COMMUNICATION
 Intrapersonal communication
 Interpersonal communication
 Group communication – small
 Public communication
 Mass communication
TYPES OF COMMUNICATION
 Intrapersonal communication:
 Definition:
 Communication that occurs within one person
 Features:
 Ideas, thoughts, feelings, views about oneself
 Talk to or with oneself
 Sender is the receiver
 Channel of communication: brain
 Feedback: discard or accept some ideas, thooughts, feelings
TYPES OF COMMUNICATION
 Interpersonal communication:
 Definition:
 Communication between two or more people on one to one
basis
 Features:
 Has all elements of communication
 Each person functions a a sender and receiver
 Messages are verbal and non-verbal, symbols inclusive
TYPES OF COMMUNICATION
Small Group communication:
Definition:
Communication between a group of persons small enough
in number to interact with one another
Features:
Meeting of people to solve or discuss a problem or issue
Group members are made up of senders and receivers
Communication process more formal and complex than
interpersonal communication
Messages are better structured
Communication channels are same with interpersonal
Communication channels are more formal than
interpersonal
TYPES OF COMMUNICATION
 Public communication:
 Definition:
 Communication whereby a speaker (sender-receiver)
delivers a message or speech to an audience
 Features:
 Message is highly structured
 One Speaker
 Channels of communication similar to interpersonal
and small group communication
TYPES OF COMMUNICATION
 Mass Communication:
 Definition:
 Communication in which a producer, director, writer sends a message to
a large audience without contact: television, radio shows.
 Features:
 Message is highly structured
 Large audience
 Sender are many: Many people are involved in creating message
 Differences between Mass & other comm types:
 Senders are many
 Receivers are many: audience
 No physical contact between senders & receivers
 No feedback: little or no exchange of communication between senders
and receivers
PROJECT COMMUNICATION
 Definitions:
 Process required to ensure timely and appropriate
generation, collection, planning, dissemination,
distribution, storage and ultimate disposition of project
information.
 Process of creating communication links among project
stakeholders.
 Process of sending and receiving ideas, thoughts and
feelings that will ensure the success of a project among
project stakeholders.
PROJECT COMMUNICATION MANAGEMENT
 Definition: Process of managing information generation, planning,
distribution and feedback in a construction project.
 Process involves four functions:
 Communication planning: determine project stakeholders and
information and communication needs of the stakeholders
 Information generation: produce/create information needed by project
stakeholders
 Information distribution: decide the time, manner and channels of
communication of information needs of project stakeholders
 Information reporting: Collect and distribute performance information of
project stakeholders: project status, progress measurement & reports,
performance forecasting
 Managing project stakeholders: Manage stakeholders communications
to satisfy their requirements. Resolve communication issues with project
stakeholders
COMMUNICATION PLANNING
 Definition:
 Determine the information and communication needs
of the stakeholders of a project.
 Questions to answer in Communication Planning:
 Who are the stakeholders of a project?
 What are roles of each stakeholder?
 What are the needs of each stakeholder?
 What are the information needs of each stakeholder?
 What are the communication needs of each
stakeholder?
 When are the information needed by each stakeholder?
 How will the information be communicated or passed
to each stakeholder?
ISSUES TO CONSIDER IN COMMUNICATION PLANNING
Project communication requirements:
Sum of the information requirements of project
stakeholders: type & format of info
Communication technology:
The technologies or methods to be used to transfer or
communicate info back & front among stakeholders.
Conversations
Drawings
Codes
Written documents
Schedules or plans
Database
Models
Signs
Meetings
FACTORS AFFECTING CHOICE OF COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY
 Urgency of information
 Frequency of information
 Volume of information
 Character of information
 Availability of technology
 Sender – Receiver status
 Expected communication expertise
 Length of project
 Communication constraints
 Locations of Sender and/or Receivers
 Number of receivers concerned
 Method of information generation
INFORMATION GENERATION
Definition:
Process of producing the information required by project stakeholders
to ensure a project is successful.
Factors to consider:
Nature of information to be generated
Information sender.
Existing legislations or regulations.
Available technology.
Project stakeholders’ knowledge
Use of codes, standards, signs, symbols
Method of information communication
Volume of information involved.
Number of receivers concerned.
Frequency of information generation
Cost implications of information
Time implications of information
INFORMATION DISTRIBUTION
 Definition:
 Process of making project information available to project
stakeholders in a timely manner.
 Process of implementing project communication
management plan
 Process of responding to unexpected requests for
information by project stakeholders.
 Process of communicating performance to sender of
information for review of project information.
INFORMATION DISTRIBUTION
 Inputs of information distribution:
 Project documents
 Project plans:
 Brief, FVS, EIA, Survey plans, drawings, BOQ, Tender, Method
statement, Work programme, Schedules, Specifications, etc
 Project performance reports:
 Project status, work performed, Resources utilised,
 Communication management plan
TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES OF INFORMATION DISTRIBUTION
Information generation technology/method: Software,
Apps, etc
Communication skills:
Possessed by senders and receivers - stakeholders
Method of communication: formal and informal
Communication technology: Software, Apps, phone,
internet,
Communication format:
Oral/verbal – phone calls, discussion, meetings.
Written communication
Signs and symbols
Pattern of communication:
Direct line, functional line, lateral line
THANK YOU
FOR LISTENING
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Principles of Const Management lecture 3.ppt

  • 1. BY Prof. Godwin Idoro Department of Building, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos
  • 2. PROJECT COMMUNICATION  Project:  Definition of a Project:  Human activities  Interrelated activities  Temporary activities and deliverables  Unique activities, resources and product  Communication features reflect project features:  Information, ideas , feelings express:  Human activities  Activities relatedness, uniqueness  Resources and uniqueness  Deliverables and uniqueness  Product uniqueness
  • 3. PROJECT COMMUNICATION  Communication: Definition:  A process by which people share information, ideas and feelings.  Ways of communication:  Spoken words  Written words  Body language  Personal mannerism  Styles  Anything that conveys or add meaning to a message
  • 4. ELEMENTS OF COMMUNICATION PROCESS  Elements of communication process:  Sender-receiver  Message  Channels  Noise  Feedback  Setting  Sender-receiver:  Communication not a one-way process  Sender – Person(s) who sends a message  Receiver – Person(s) who receives a message
  • 5. ELEMENTS OF COMMUNICATION PROCESS  Message: Information, Ideas, Feelings:  Can be communicated using:  Symbols  Verbal words  Non-verbal words: facial expression, gestures, postures, vocal tones, appearance, colours, etc  Concrete symbols: symbols that represent an object  Abstract symbols:
  • 6. ELEMENTS OF COMMUNICATION PROCESS  Channels of communication:  Definition:  Route through which a message travels  Means by which a sender reaches a receiver  Classification of channels of communication:  Face to face communication  Sight and sound  Non face to face communication  Radio, television, records, newspaper, magazine, signals, phone, etc
  • 7. ELEMENTS OF COMMUNICATION PROCESS Noise: Any disturbance to communication Anything that interferes with the transmission of message Anything the interferes with the understanding of a message Distance, communication gadgets, audience, communication style, medium, communication barriers, etc Feedback: Response from receiver to sender Setting: Definition: The environment in which communication occurs: Formal setting Informal setting Formal setting supports formal communication: Auditorium, lecture room, site meetings, boardroom Informal setting supports informal communication
  • 8. COMMUNICATION TERMS  Sender: a person, group of persons  Receiver: a person, sender, group of persons  Communication medium: method used to convey message: writing, oral, formal, informal, face to face, email, text, phone  Communication style: active or passive voice, sentence structure, choice of words.  Communication technique: presentation technique: writing, body language, visual aids  Encoding: process of translating an idea, thought, feeling into a language that is understood by receivers  Message: the product or output of encoding  Noise: communication barriers  Decoding: to translate message into meaningful ideas, thoughts, feelings of sender
  • 9. TYPES OF COMMUNICATION  Intrapersonal communication  Interpersonal communication  Group communication – small  Public communication  Mass communication
  • 10. TYPES OF COMMUNICATION  Intrapersonal communication:  Definition:  Communication that occurs within one person  Features:  Ideas, thoughts, feelings, views about oneself  Talk to or with oneself  Sender is the receiver  Channel of communication: brain  Feedback: discard or accept some ideas, thooughts, feelings
  • 11. TYPES OF COMMUNICATION  Interpersonal communication:  Definition:  Communication between two or more people on one to one basis  Features:  Has all elements of communication  Each person functions a a sender and receiver  Messages are verbal and non-verbal, symbols inclusive
  • 12. TYPES OF COMMUNICATION Small Group communication: Definition: Communication between a group of persons small enough in number to interact with one another Features: Meeting of people to solve or discuss a problem or issue Group members are made up of senders and receivers Communication process more formal and complex than interpersonal communication Messages are better structured Communication channels are same with interpersonal Communication channels are more formal than interpersonal
  • 13. TYPES OF COMMUNICATION  Public communication:  Definition:  Communication whereby a speaker (sender-receiver) delivers a message or speech to an audience  Features:  Message is highly structured  One Speaker  Channels of communication similar to interpersonal and small group communication
  • 14. TYPES OF COMMUNICATION  Mass Communication:  Definition:  Communication in which a producer, director, writer sends a message to a large audience without contact: television, radio shows.  Features:  Message is highly structured  Large audience  Sender are many: Many people are involved in creating message  Differences between Mass & other comm types:  Senders are many  Receivers are many: audience  No physical contact between senders & receivers  No feedback: little or no exchange of communication between senders and receivers
  • 15. PROJECT COMMUNICATION  Definitions:  Process required to ensure timely and appropriate generation, collection, planning, dissemination, distribution, storage and ultimate disposition of project information.  Process of creating communication links among project stakeholders.  Process of sending and receiving ideas, thoughts and feelings that will ensure the success of a project among project stakeholders.
  • 16. PROJECT COMMUNICATION MANAGEMENT  Definition: Process of managing information generation, planning, distribution and feedback in a construction project.  Process involves four functions:  Communication planning: determine project stakeholders and information and communication needs of the stakeholders  Information generation: produce/create information needed by project stakeholders  Information distribution: decide the time, manner and channels of communication of information needs of project stakeholders  Information reporting: Collect and distribute performance information of project stakeholders: project status, progress measurement & reports, performance forecasting  Managing project stakeholders: Manage stakeholders communications to satisfy their requirements. Resolve communication issues with project stakeholders
  • 17. COMMUNICATION PLANNING  Definition:  Determine the information and communication needs of the stakeholders of a project.  Questions to answer in Communication Planning:  Who are the stakeholders of a project?  What are roles of each stakeholder?  What are the needs of each stakeholder?  What are the information needs of each stakeholder?  What are the communication needs of each stakeholder?  When are the information needed by each stakeholder?  How will the information be communicated or passed to each stakeholder?
  • 18. ISSUES TO CONSIDER IN COMMUNICATION PLANNING Project communication requirements: Sum of the information requirements of project stakeholders: type & format of info Communication technology: The technologies or methods to be used to transfer or communicate info back & front among stakeholders. Conversations Drawings Codes Written documents Schedules or plans Database Models Signs Meetings
  • 19. FACTORS AFFECTING CHOICE OF COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY  Urgency of information  Frequency of information  Volume of information  Character of information  Availability of technology  Sender – Receiver status  Expected communication expertise  Length of project  Communication constraints  Locations of Sender and/or Receivers  Number of receivers concerned  Method of information generation
  • 20. INFORMATION GENERATION Definition: Process of producing the information required by project stakeholders to ensure a project is successful. Factors to consider: Nature of information to be generated Information sender. Existing legislations or regulations. Available technology. Project stakeholders’ knowledge Use of codes, standards, signs, symbols Method of information communication Volume of information involved. Number of receivers concerned. Frequency of information generation Cost implications of information Time implications of information
  • 21. INFORMATION DISTRIBUTION  Definition:  Process of making project information available to project stakeholders in a timely manner.  Process of implementing project communication management plan  Process of responding to unexpected requests for information by project stakeholders.  Process of communicating performance to sender of information for review of project information.
  • 22. INFORMATION DISTRIBUTION  Inputs of information distribution:  Project documents  Project plans:  Brief, FVS, EIA, Survey plans, drawings, BOQ, Tender, Method statement, Work programme, Schedules, Specifications, etc  Project performance reports:  Project status, work performed, Resources utilised,  Communication management plan
  • 23. TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES OF INFORMATION DISTRIBUTION Information generation technology/method: Software, Apps, etc Communication skills: Possessed by senders and receivers - stakeholders Method of communication: formal and informal Communication technology: Software, Apps, phone, internet, Communication format: Oral/verbal – phone calls, discussion, meetings. Written communication Signs and symbols Pattern of communication: Direct line, functional line, lateral line