Effective communication

1. UNDERSTANDING THE
COMMUNICATION
PROCESS
• NOMAAN AHMED
• SHREYA SINGH
• VAIDEHI MULIK
• ZAINAB ANSARI

2. CONTENT
DEFINITION KEY COMPONENTS CLASSIFICATION MODELS
PROBLEMS
WAYS TO
OVERCOME THOSE
PROBLEMS
CONCLUSION

3. COMMUNICATION
PROCESS
Communication is the structured
sharing of information between
a sender and receiver.
It involves encoding a message,
transmitting it through a chosen
channel, and decoding it for
understanding.
Success hinges on accurate
encoding, effective
transmission, and shared
comprehension.

4. KEY COMPONENTS
Sender:
The process begins with a sender, one who wants to convey the message.
Message:
The message is the information, idea, or emotion that the sender wishes to communicate. It can be verbal, written, or non-verbal.
Encoding:
Encoding involves converting the message into a suitable form for transmission, such as choosing words, creating visuals, or using
symbols.
Channel:
The channel is the medium through which the message is transmitted.
Receiver:
The receiver is the individual or group for whom the message is intended. They play a crucial role in the communication process by
interpreting the message

5. KEY COMPONENTS
Decoding:
Upon receiving the message, the receiver decodes or interprets it. Decoding involves understanding the symbols, words, or visuals
used by the sender.
Feedback:
Feedback is the response from the receiver to the sender. It indicates whether the message was understood and provides an
opportunity for clarification or further communication.
Noise:
Noise refers to any interference or distortion that can affect the clarity of the message during transmission.
Context:
The context refers to the surrounding circumstances or environment in which the communication takes place.
Barriers:
Barriers are obstacles that can impede effective communication.

6. Classification of Communication
Based on Direction:
Upward Communication: Flow of information from lower levels of an organization to higher levels.
Downward Communication: Flow of information from higher levels to lower levels.
Horizontal Communication: Communication that occurs between individuals or departments at the same hierarchical level.
Based on Nature:
Formal Communication: Official, planned communication within an organization.
Informal Communication: Unofficial, spontaneous communication that may not follow established channels.
Based on Media:
Verbal Communication: Involves spoken or written words.
Non-verbal Communication: Involves gestures, body language, facial expressions, and visual elements.
Written Communication: Involves the use of written words.

7. Classification of Communication
Based on Purpose:
Internal Communication: Communication within the organization.
External Communication: Communication with entities outside the organization.
Based on Technology:
Traditional Communication: Involves conventional means like face-to-face conversations, letters, or printed materials.
Digital Communication: Involves electronic means such as emails, video calls, instant messaging, or social media.

8. MODELS OF
COMMUNICATION

9. SHANNON-WEAVER MODEL
Also known as the linear model, this communication model was developed by Claude Shannon
and Warren Weaver in 1949. It depicts communication as a one-way process with seven key
elements:
• Sender: The originator of the message.
• Encoder: The sender converts the message into a suitable form for transmission.
• Message: The information or content being communicated.
• Channel: The medium through which the message is transmitted (e.g., airwaves, cables, or printed materials).
• Decoder: The receiver who interprets and decodes the message.
• Receiver: The destination of the message.
• Noise: Any interference or disturbance that can disrupt the communication process.
The model suggests that communication is a linear process where the sender sends a message
through a channel to the receiver, and noise can affect the clarity of the message.

10. TRANSACTIONAL MODEL
The transactional model of communication, proposed by Barnlund in 1970, recognizes communication as a dynamic and
interactive process. It emphasizes the simultaneous roles of both the sender and receiver, and communication is seen as
an ongoing, circular exchange. Key elements include:
• Sender: Initiates the communication process.
• Message: The information being communicated.
• Channel: The medium through which the communication occurs.
• Receiver: Interprets and responds to the message.
• Feedback: The response from the receiver, providing information on how the message was received.
• Context: The situational and cultural factors that influence the communication.
In this model, communication is not a one-way street but rather a continuous, reciprocal interaction between sender and
receiver. Both parties play active roles, and the feedback loop allows for adjustments and clarifications.
These models provide frameworks for understanding the different elements and dynamics involved in communication.
The Shannon-Weaver model emphasizes the linear nature of communication, while the transactional model highlights
the dynamic and interactive aspects, acknowledging the ongoing nature of the communication

11. PROBLEMS IN COMMUNICATION
NOISE BARRIER INCONSISTENCY LACK OF CLARITY
INFORMATION
OVERLOAD
EMOTIONAL
DISTURBANCE
TECHNOLOGICAL
ISSUES
CREDIBILITY
ISSUES
SELECTIVE
PERCEPTION
LACK OF
FEEDBACK

12. PROBLEMS
• NOISE:
Any Interference that disrupts the
communication process.
• BARRIERS:
Obstacles that impede the flow of
communication.
• INCONSISTENCY:
Lack of Coherence and consistency in
messages.
• LACK OF CLARITY:
Messages that are unclear or
ambiguous.
• INFORMATION OVERLOAD:
Being Overwhelmed with too much
information.
• EMOTIONAL DISTURBANCE:
Emotional States affecting
communication.

13. PROBLEMS
• TECHNOLOGICAL ISSUES:
Problems related to communication
tools and technology.
• CREDIBILTY ISSUES:
Lack of trust or credibility in the
communicator.
• SELECTIVE PERSECPTION:
Individuals interpreting messages
based on their own beliefs or
preferences.
• LACK OF FEEDBACK:
Absence of responses/feedback from
the receiver.

14. CONCLUSION
In essence, effective communication is a
nuanced dance between senders and
receivers, demanding clarity and
adaptability. The models explored, from
Shannon-Weaver's linearity to Barnlund's
interaction, underscore the complexity of
this vital process. In our interconnected
world, the ability to navigate
communication challenges is not just a skill
but a key to fostering meaningful
connections and shared understanding.

15. THANK YOU