The document discusses the history and evolution of the presidential nomination and election process in the United States. It covers topics like the shift from congressional selection of candidates to party conventions and primaries, the rise of campaigning directly to voters, and reforms to the primary process. It also outlines the qualifications for president according to the Constitution, how the Electoral College system works, and debates around the current electoral system.

1. POL 308
Fall 2019

9.  Nominations controlled by Congress
 Caucuses would review candidate’s
credentials and decide who to support
 Ended after 1824 Election

10. William
Crawford
John Quincy
Adams
Andrew
Jackson
Henry
Clay

12. Adams CLAY Jackson
This was a very lucrative offer for both sides, as being
Secretary of State served as a “stepping stone” to the presidency.
Jefferson, Madison, and Monroe had all served in this role
prior to winning the White House.

14.  Era of the Party NominatingConvention
 Selection from Congress  Political Parties
 Compromise Candidates
 Undistinguished
 Do party bidding

17.  Became center for
Jeffersonian politics in
NewYork
 Burr usedTammany in
1800 Election; elected
Vice President
Aaron Burr

18. Tammany leaders met with
Democratic nominee
Jackson and agreed to
endorse him in exchange for
federal jobs.

20.  Presidential candidates began to actively
campaign for office
 Candidates began to run in primary elections
 Diminishing influence of political parties
 Presidents using technology to reach public

22. EISENHOWER WITH SEN. BOBTAFT EISENHOWER CAMPAIGN AD

25.  Initiated by Democratic Party, but GOP
eventually adopts rules as well
 Written Rules for State Delegate Selection
 Banned ProxyVoting by Party Bosses
 Diversification of Convention Delegates
 Women, Minorities,Youth

26.  Increase in Number of Presidential Primaries
 Surge in Outsider Candidates
 Increasing Role of Media
 Longer Process
 Candidate Fatigue and Public Boredom
 Rising Costs of Campaigns

38.  Found in Article II of the Constitution
 Basic Qualifications:
 Natural-born citizen of the United States
 At least 35 years old
 U.S. resident for 14 years

40.  Presidential elections do not occur by popular vote,
but indirectly through Electoral College.
 Found in Article II, Section I
 Allocating Electoral CollegeVotes by State:
 Number of Reps +Two Senators = #of Electors
 Florida: 27 Reps+ 2 Senators = 29 ElectoralVotes
 Winner has most Electoral CollegeVotes—Usually

41.  Modified through Amendments
 Twelfth – Separated balloting for Pres andVP
after 1800 Election between Jefferson and Burr
 Twenty-Third – DC given representation in EC

42.  Citizens vote for slate of state electors
 “Winner-Take-All” or “Unit Rule’ Method
 Exceptions are Maine and Nebraska (Cong. Districts)
 Electors meet in state capitol to cast voters
following election
 Methods of Selecting Electors
 Issue of “Faithless Electors”

43.  President of Senate (VP) reads votes
 Election requires 50% + 1 of total number of
all 538 Electoral CollegeVotes or 270
 VP announces their election...or defeat
 If no majority in Electoral College, House
votes for President and Senate forVice Pres

46.  Political Stability andTwo-Party System
 Minority Interests
 Personal Campaigning – Urban/Rural Areas
 Contested Recounts in Few States
 Winner’sVictory and “Mandate”
 Works OverTime

47.  MostVotes = Win Election
 PopularVote Loss/Electoral College Win
 1876, 1888, 2000
 “Faithless” Electors
 “Battleground” States
 DepressedVoterTurnout
 Dilution of Popular Will

48. 1876
Hayes vs.Tilden
2000
Bush vs. Gore
1888
Cleveland vs. Harrison