This document discusses models of presidential power and the modern presidency. It describes the Whig Model, which favors a passive approach, and the Stewardship Model, which favors an active leadership role. It also outlines Barber's four presidential character types: active-positive, active-negative, passive-positive, and passive-negative. Additionally, it examines informal presidential powers like the ability to persuade and "go public," and discusses the importance of public approval and qualities of great presidents like vision and consensus-building. The role of the vice presidency has increased over time from an insignificant position to one with more responsibilities.

1. The Presidency (Part 2)‏ Michael P. Fix

2. Models of Presidential Power

3. Models of Presidential Power Whig Model President should take a passive approach to government policy, deferring to Congressional leadership. Images from www.wikipedia.org

4. Models of Presidential Power Stewardship Model President should take an active approach, leading in both national politics and international affairs.

5. Models of Presidential Power The Modern Presidency

6. Barber’s Presidential Character Types Active-Positive Active-Negative Passive-Positive Passive-Negative

7. Barber’s Presidential Character Types Active-Positive Images from www.wikipedia.org

8. Barber’s Presidential Character Types Active-Negative Images from www.wikipedia.org

9. Barber’s Presidential Character Types Passive-Positive Images from www.wikipedia.org

10. Barber’s Presidential Character Types Passive-Negative Images from www.wikipedia.org

11. Informal Presidential Powers

12. Informal Presidential Powers Political Scientist Richard Neustadt argues that a president’s formal powers are relatively minor. A president’s real power lies in informal powers derived from personality and political skills.

13. Informal Presidential Powers The Power to Persuade The resources of the president’s office makes available many tools to make persuasion effective: The prestige of the office Personal charm Fear of retaliation Bargaining ability

14. Informal Powers of the President Going Public The emergence of radio and television has given presidents the ability to get their message directly to the American people.

15. The President and Public Opinion

16. Presidential Approval

17. Presidential Approval Images from www.bluejacket.com (left) and www.cartoonstock.com (right)‏

18. Presidential Greatness What qualities make a president great?

19. Presidential Greatness Vision, Pragmatism, Consensus Building, Charisma, Trustworthiness

20. The Vice-Presidency

21. The Vice-Presidency The only Constitutional Power of the Vice-President is the position of President of the Senate. All other responsibilities are at the president’s discretion.

22. The Vice-Presidency Historically, presidents gave little power to their vice-presidents. As such the office mostly consisted of ceremonial duties: Attending important funerals Dedicating bridges and parks Presiding over the Senate on important occasions and when ties were expected

23. The Vice-Presidency “ . . . the most insignificant office that ever the invention of man contrived or his imagination conceived” John Adams 1 st Vice-President Image from wikipedia.org

24. The Vice-Presidency “ Once there were two brothers. One went away to sea; the other was elected Vice-President of the United States. And nothing was ever heard of either of them again” Thomas Marshall 28 th Vice-President Image from wikipedia.org

25. The Vice-Presidency “ . . . not worth a pitcher of warm piss.” John Nance Garner 32 nd Vice-President Image from wikipedia.org

26. The Vice-Presidency “ . . . heartbeat away from the presidency”

27. The Vice-Presidency The increasing role of the vice-president

28. Increasing Role of the Vice-President From wikipedia.org When Harry Truman became president upon the death of F. Roosevelt, he knew nothing of the development of the Atomic Bomb.

29. Increasing Role of the Vice-President Walter F. Mondale 42 nd Vice-President Al Gore 45 th Vice-President The Vice- President as part of the president’s inner circle

30. Increasing Role of the Vice-President Arguably the most powerful vice-president in U.S. history. Dick Chaney was one of the closest advisors to President George W. Bush Dick Chaney 46 th Vice-President