This presentation discusses sludge treatment methods. It will cover the final products in sludge digesters, which are digested sludge, supernatant liquor, and decomposition gases. It will also discuss the stages of sludge digestion including acid fermentation, acid regression, and alkaline fermentation. Finally, it will cover the key factors that affect sludge digestion, such as temperature, pH, seeding, and mixing, and how to control these factors.
water demand, types of demand, factors affecting per capita demand, design periods, losses in wastes & thefts, varion in demand, coincident draft,effect of variations on components of water supply schemes, factors affecting design periods, population forecasting methods, problems on population forecasting, etc
water demand, types of demand, factors affecting per capita demand, design periods, losses in wastes & thefts, varion in demand, coincident draft,effect of variations on components of water supply schemes, factors affecting design periods, population forecasting methods, problems on population forecasting, etc
Here you will get all information about sewer design, its type & various tests carried out on it for any leakage or any obstruction present and of improper joints.
Lecture notes of Environmental Engineering-II as per Solapur university syllabus of TE CIVIL.
Prepared by
Prof S S Jahagirdar,
Associate Professor,
N K Orchid college of Engg and Technology,
Solapur
Lecture notes of Environmental Engineering-II as per Solapur university syllabus of TE CIVIL.
Prepared by
Prof S S Jahagirdar,
Associate Professor,
N K Orchid college of Engg and Technology,
Solapur
Water treatment is any process that improves the quality of water to make it appropriate for a specific end-use. The end use may be drinking, industrial water supply, irrigation, river flow maintenance, water recreation or many other uses, including being safely returned to the environment. Water treatment removes contaminants and undesirable components, or reduces their concentration so that the water becomes fit for its desired end-use. This treatment is crucial to human health and allows humans to benefit from both drinking and irrigation use.
Lecture notes of Environmental Engineering-II as per Solapur university syllabus of TE CIVIL.
Prepared by
Prof S S Jahagirdar,
Associate Professor,
N K Orchid college of Engg and Technology,
Solapur
Here you will get all information about sewer design, its type & various tests carried out on it for any leakage or any obstruction present and of improper joints.
Lecture notes of Environmental Engineering-II as per Solapur university syllabus of TE CIVIL.
Prepared by
Prof S S Jahagirdar,
Associate Professor,
N K Orchid college of Engg and Technology,
Solapur
Lecture notes of Environmental Engineering-II as per Solapur university syllabus of TE CIVIL.
Prepared by
Prof S S Jahagirdar,
Associate Professor,
N K Orchid college of Engg and Technology,
Solapur
Water treatment is any process that improves the quality of water to make it appropriate for a specific end-use. The end use may be drinking, industrial water supply, irrigation, river flow maintenance, water recreation or many other uses, including being safely returned to the environment. Water treatment removes contaminants and undesirable components, or reduces their concentration so that the water becomes fit for its desired end-use. This treatment is crucial to human health and allows humans to benefit from both drinking and irrigation use.
Lecture notes of Environmental Engineering-II as per Solapur university syllabus of TE CIVIL.
Prepared by
Prof S S Jahagirdar,
Associate Professor,
N K Orchid college of Engg and Technology,
Solapur
Hydraulic Design of Sewer:
Hydraulic formulae, maximum and minimum velocities in sewer, hydraulic
characteristics of circular sewer in running full and partial full conditions,
laying and testing of sewer, sewer appurtenances and network.
bs en 1519 hdpe waste drainage systemsYANG Xianjie
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13 interior design styles form around the world to inspire youSofia M
Interior design can often be influenced by culture, as well as geography. Here are some great styles form around the world to give you some great ideas in your home.
This is a power point presentation on design of a 30 MLD sewage treatment plant. It includes the different characteristics of waste water,various treatment units, design results and a layout of sewage treatment plant.
Visit my slide share channel for downloading report of this project.
Process, characteristics, Composition and decomposition of sewage treatment plant. Case study of bharwara sewage treatment plant, lucknow. Asia's largest wastewater treatment plant.
Recycling of water water into drinking waterAshutosh Singh
How to convert waste water into drinking water. There are some technology are given and the time line of projects.
If any one wants it's synopsis report contact me on 9628656548 whatsapp
PURIFICATION AND TREATMENT OF WATER
1. Natural Methods
2. Artificial Methods
- PURIFICATION ON SMALL SCALE
- Purification of Water on Large Scale
• WATER TREATMENT PLANT STAGES
1. SCREENING
2. AERATION
3. PH CORRECTION
4. COAGULATION AND FLOCCULATION
5. SEDIMENTATION
6. PRE-CHLORINATION AND DECHLORINATION
7. FILTRATION
8. DISINFECTION
9. PH ADJUSTMENT
• Complete Cycle of Water Treatment
2. THE GROUP MEMBERS ARE,
TESSY S ALEX (UR12CE115)
ANJALI KUMARI (UR12CE013)
SURENDAR N (UR12CE111)
SUJITH ALEN S (UR12CE110)
JAESON ANTONY A (UR12CE046)
4. UNIT – IV Sewage Disposal and Sludge Management
Methods of sewage disposal, sewage farming
Sewage sickness and its preventive measures
Final products in Sludge Digester : stages
Factors affecting sludge digestion and control
Design of sludge digestion tank
Sludge thickening
Sludge conditioning and dewatering
Final disposal of digested sludge
Bioremediation: constructed wetlands, stabilization pond
Self purification and oxygen sag curve
7. Pre treatment
• Screening-for removal of objects
Eg: wood logs ,cloths, chappals
etc….
• Grit Chamber
For removing high density inorganic
particles by discrete settling
principle
Eg: Removal of sand, silt etc….
• Primary settling tank
For removal of low density organic
solids
8. Post treatment
• Secondary settling tank-for biomass
settling.
• Sludge from primary and secondary
settling tanks is sent to sludge
treatment unit.
17. [ ODOURLESS , DISPOSABLE IN NATURE WITHOUT POLLUTING OR
HARMING ]
SLUDGE IS STABILISED BY
DECOMPOSING THE ORGANIC
MATTER UNDER CONTROLLED
ANAEROBIC CONDITION.
[The decomposition of organic and inorganic matter in the
absence of molecular oxygen.]
20. THE MAIN TOPICS TO BE DISCUSSED IN THIS
PRESENTATION ARE,
(A) FINAL PRODUCTS IN SLUDGE
DIGESTER.
(B) STAGES IN SLUDGE DIGESTION
PROCESS.
&
(C) FACTORS AFFECTING SLUDGE
DIGESTION AND THEIR CONTROL.
25. 1. DIGESTED SLUDGE
• HUMUS LIKE SOLID MATTER.
• TARY BLACK IN COLOR.
• REDUCED MOISTURE CONTENT.
• QUALITY IS MUCH BETTER THAN UNDIGESTED
SLUDGE.
• FREE OF PATHOGENIC BACTERIA.
26. 2 . SUPERNATANT LIQUOR
• LIQUIFIED AND FINELY DIVIDED SOLID
MATTER.
• HIGH BOD (3000 ppm).
38. • HIGHLY OFFENSIVE ODOUR ARE EVOLVED FOR
3MONTHS.
• PH INCREASES TO ABOUT 6.8. HOW?
• DECOMPOSED SLUDGE ENTRAPS THE GASES
OF DECOMPOSITION. IT BECOMES FOAMY
AND RISES TO THE SURFACE TO FORM SCUM.
• BOD REMAIN HIGH.
39. 3. ALKALINE
FERMENTATION
• FINAL STAGE OF SLUDGE DIGESTION.
• PROTIENS
+
ORGANIC ACIDS
(ATTACKED BY
ANAEROBIC BACTERIA CALLED
METHANE FORMERS / STRICT ANAEROBER)
AMMONIA + ORGANIC ACIDS + GASES
HIGH RESISTANT MATERIALS
40. • THE LIQUID SEPARATES OUT FROM SOLIDS TO
FORM DIGESTED SLUDGE.
• THE SLUDGE IS GRANULAR AND STABLE .
• DOES NOT GIVE OFFENSIVE SMELL.
• IT HAS MUSTY EARTHY ODOUR.
• DIGESTED SLUDGE IS COLLECTED AT THE BOTTOM
OF THE DIGESTION TANK AND IS CALLED RIPENED
SLUDGE.
41. • IT IS ALKALINE IN NATURE.
• PH ≥ 7
• METHANE (60 % – 75%), 𝐶𝑂2 (30%), 𝑁2
• THIS STAGE EXTENTS TO A PERIOD OF 1 MONTH.
• BOD IS REDUCED.
42. CONCLUSION OF STAGES IN THE SLUDGE DIGESTION PROCESS
(NATURALLY)
• 4
1
2
MONTHS ARE REQUIRED FOR THE COMPLETE
PROCESS OF SLUDGE DIGESTION TO TAKE PLACE
UNDER NATURAL , UNCONTROLLED CONDITION AT
ABOUT 210
𝐶.
• DIGESTION DEPENDS ON MANY FACTORS LIKE
TEMPERATURE .
• IF THE FACTORS AFFECTING SLUDGE DIGESTION ARE
CONTROLLED , QUICKER AND EFFECTIVE DIGESTION
CAN BE DONE.
44. THE IMPORTANT FACTORS
AFFECTING SLUDGE
DIGESTION ARE ,
1 . TEMPERATURE
2 . PH VALUE
3 . SEEDING WITH DIGESTED SLUDGE AND
4 . MIXING AND STIRRING OF THE RAW SLUDGE
WITH DIGESTED SLUDGE.
45. THE MINOR FACTORS
ARE,
• QUALITY OF WATER SUPPLIED.
• PRESENCE OF –
COPPER,
FLUORIDES,
RADIO ACTIVE SUBSTANCES.
47. 1. TEMPERATURE
• HIGHER THE TEMPERATURE , HIGHER IS THE
RATE OF DIGESTION .
• THE 2 DISTINCT TEMPERATURE ZONES ARE,
- (a) ZONE OF THERMOPHILIC DIGESTION.
- (b) ZONE OF MESOPHILIC DIGESTION.
48. (a) ZONE OF THERMOPHILIC
DIGESTION
• THERMOPHILIC ORGANISMS MEAN HEAT LOVING
ORGANISMS.
• 400
𝐶 - 600
𝐶
• OPTIMUM THERMOPHILIC TEMPERATURE = 540
𝐶
• DIGESTION PERIOD – 10 TO 15 DAYS
• IT IS NOT PREFFERED BECAUSE OF ODOUR AND
OPERATIONAL DIFFICULTIES.
49. (b) ZONE OF MESOPHILIC
DIGESTION
• 250
𝐶 − 400
𝐶
• OPTIMUM MESOPHILIC TEMPERATURE = 290
𝐶
• DIGESTION PERIOD – 30 DAYS
• EXTERNAL HEATING DEVICES IS FIXED IN DIGESTION
TANK TO CONTROL TEMPERATURE.
51. 2. PH VALUE
• VOLATILE ACIDS METHANE FORMERS METHANE GAS
• IF METHANE FORMERS WERE NOT PRESENT IN THE SLUDGE
DIGESTER ,PH VALUE WILL GO BELOW 5 . IT WILL INCREASE THE
ACIDITY, AND THUS SUPPRESS FURTHER BACTERIAL ACTION.
• IN INITIAL STAGE (ACID FERMENTATION/ACID PRODUCTION
STAGE) PH VALUE OF 6.5 HAVE TO BE MAINTAINED.
• SO THAT IN FINAL STAGE (ALKALINE FERMENTATION
STAGE) PH VALUE OF 7.2 – 7.4 WILL BE MAINTAINED.
52. • ACIDITY INCREASES DUE TO
- OVERDOSING OF RAW SLUDGE .
- OVERWITHDRAWAL OF DIGESTED SLUDGE.
• REMEDY
- ADD HYDRATED LIME (2.3- 4.5 𝐾𝐺
1000 𝑃𝐸𝑅𝑆𝑂𝑁) IN RAW SLUDGE.
• FOR THE MAINTENANCE OF OPTIMUM VALUE OF PH
- WEIGHT OF RAW SLUDGE TO BE ADDED SHOULD BE 2 - 3%
WEIGHT OF DIGESTED SLUDGE WHICH IS REMOVING FROM
THE SLUDGE DIGESTER.
53. SEEDING WITH THE
SLUDGE DIGESTER
WHAT IS SEEDING ?
*A SLUDGE DIGESTION TANK .
*WHEN FIRST PUT IN OPERATION –
*DIGESTED SLUDGE FROM OLD SLUDGE DIGESTER
IS KEPT IN IT FOR SOME DAYS .
55. • WITHOUT SEEDING , IT MAY TAKE A FEW
MONTHS TO GET A TANK TO OPERATE
PROPERLY.
• PROPER SEEDING CAN GIVE GOOD RESULTS
QUICKLY.
56. MIXING AND STIRRING OF
THE RAW SLUDGE WITH
THE DIGESTED SLUDGE
• RAW SLUDGE + DIGESTED SLUDGE
(MIX WELL)
HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURE
*HELPS IN DECOMPOSITION OF ORGANIC MATTER
QUICKLY.
*MIXING IS DONE IN SLUDGE DIGESTOR USING
AGITATOR / OTHER DEVICES.
57. *THIS REDUCES SCUM AND INCREASES THE
PRODUCTION OF GAS.
*EXCESSIVE STIRRING WILL KILL USEFUL
BACTERIAS.