This presentation provides an overview of embedded systems. It defines embedded systems as special purpose systems that are either used as standalone devices or as part of a larger system. Embedded systems typically use a microprocessor or microcontroller to perform dedicated tasks. Examples of where embedded systems are used include household appliances, aircraft and vehicle systems, medical devices, and more. The presentation then discusses the components of embedded systems and provides examples of microcontrollers and memory types. It also describes common embedded system components like seven segment displays, LEDs, and LCDs. Finally, the presentation proposes and describes a project to build an embedded visitor counter and home automation system.

1. A
PRESENTATION
ON
EMBEDDED SYSTEM
PRESENTED TO: PRESENTED BY:
Mr. MAHESH KUMAR MEHRA ROSHAN MANI
(Assistant Professor) (11ECTEC047)
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
GOVT. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY, BIKANER
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2. What Are Embedded Systems?
“Special purpose system which are either used as standalone or part
of a big system”
 An Embedded System is one that has computer hardware with
software embedded in it as one of its important components.
 An embedded product uses a microprocessor (or microcontroller) to
do one task only.
 Embedded basically reflects the facts that they are an integral part
of the system.
 An embedded system is designed to run on its own without human
intervention, and may be required to respond to events in real time.
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3. Household appliances
Integrated systems in aircrafts
and missiles
Cellular telephones
Electric and Electronic Motor
controllers
Engine controllers in
automobiles
Calculators
Medical Equipments
Videogames
Digital musical instruments
WHERE ARE THEY PRESENT ?
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4.  CPU: Central Processing Unit
 I/O: Input /Output
 Bus: Address bus & Data bus
 Memory: RAM & ROM
 Timer
 Interrupt
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6. Microcontroller
CPU, RAM, ROM, I/O and
timer are all on a single chip
Fix amount of on-chip ROM,
RAM, I/O ports
For applications in which cost,
power and space are critical
Not Expensive
Single-purpose
Microprocessor
CPU is stand-alone, RAM, ROM,
I/O, timer are separate
Designer can decide the amount
of ROM, RAM and I/O ports
Expensive
Versatility
General-purpose
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8. RAM
ROM
PROM
EPROM
EEPROM
FLASH MEMORY
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9. 8051 PIN description
P1.0
P1.1
P1.2
P1.3
P1.4
P1.5
P1.6
P1.7
RST
(RXD) P3.0
(TXD) P3.1
(INT0) P3.2
(INT1) P3.3
(T0) P3.4
(T1) P3.5
(WR) P3.6
(RD) P3.7
XTAL2
XTAL1
GND
P2.7 (A15)
P2.6 (A14)
P2.5 (A13)
P2.4 (A12)
P2.3 (A11)
P2.2 (A10)
P2.1 (A9)
P2.0 (A8)
PSEN
ALE/PROG
EA/VPP
P0.7 (AD7)
P0.6 (AD6)
P0.5 (AD5)
P0.4 (AD4)
P0.3 (AD3)
P0.2 (AD2)
P0.1 (AD1)
P0.0 (AD0)
Vcc
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
23
22
21
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
8051
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10. LIGHT EMITTING DIODE
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11.  The seven elements of the display can be lit
in different combinations to represent the
Arabic numerals.
 In a simple LED package, typically all of the
cathodes (negative terminals) or all of the
anodes (positive terminals) of the segment
LEDs are connected and brought out to a
common pin; this is referred to as a "common
cathode" or "common anode" device.
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12. A Seven-Segment Display (SSD) is simply a figure
eight grouping of LEDs { include a decimal point (DP)}.
Each Segment is labeled (a) to (g).
SSDs are available in two configurations
Common Cathode (all LED cathodes are connected)
Common Anode (all LED anodes are connected)
a
b
c
d
e
g
dp
f
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14.  A liquid crystal display (LCD) is a flat panel
display, electronic visual display, or video
display that uses the light modulating properties
of liquid crystals. Liquid crystals do not emit light
directly.
 Each pixel of an LCD typically consists of a layer
of molecules aligned between two
transparent electrodes, and two polarizing filters,
the axes of transmission of which are (in most of
the cases) perpendicular to each other.
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16.  Telecom
 Automotive applications
 Domestic applications
 Robotics
 Aerospace applications
 Medical equipment
 Defense systems
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17. BI-DIRECTIONAL VISITOR COUNTER & HOME AUTOMATION
The objective of this project is to make a Microcontroller
based model to count number of persons visiting particular
room and accordingly light up the room.
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21. 1. This circuit can be used domestically to get an
indication of number of persons entering a party.
2. It can be used at official meetings.
3. It can be used at homes and other places to keep a
check on the number of persons entering a secured
place.
4. It can also be used as home automation system to
ensure energy saving by switching on the loads and fans
only when needed.
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22. THANK YOU
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