The McKinsey 7S framework consists of 7 elements - Strategy, Structure, Systems, Shared Values, Style, Staff and Skills. It was developed by McKinsey consultants to diagnose organizational problems and improve performance. The 7 elements are interdependent and categorized as "hard" or "soft". When applied to Tata Steel, it analyzed the company's strategic goals, hierarchical structure, processes, culture, leadership style, human resources practices, and employees' competencies. The framework can be used to examine changes, align departments during mergers, and implement new strategies.